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OF 




R O L U V^ '"'^' ^^ '906 



40th NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT 



OF THE 



Grand Army of the Republic 

MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, 

August 1 6th and 17th, 

1906 

ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF 

AND REPORTS OF SENIOR VICE-COMMANDER-INCHIEF. JUN- 
IOR VICE-COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. SURGEON-GENERAL. 
CHAPLAIN-IN-CHIEF, ADJUTANT-GENERAL. QUARTER- 
MASTER-GENERAL, INSPECTOR-GENERAL, JUDGE 
ADVOCATE-GENERAL, NATIONAL PATRIOTIC 
INSTRUCTOR. CHIEF-OF-STAFF. AND 
CUSTODIAN. 
ETC. 



PHILADELPHIA, PA. 

Town Printing Co. 

1906 






FEB 9 1916 



ROLL ^^^^-SlA Rjt; 



■J OF THE 

^ 5ottietb IRational Encampment 

1906 
NATIONAL OFFICERS 

Commander-in-Chief JamES Tanner, 

Department oe New York, 
W'ASKNGTON, D. C. 

Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chicj GEO. W. CoQK, 

Denver, Colorado. 

Junior Vicc-Conniiander-in-Chicf SihAS H. TowLER, 

Minneapolis, Minn. 

Surgeon-General '. . . .Hugo PhillER, 

^ Waukeska, Wis. 

Chaplain-in-Chiej jESSE CoLE, 

Marshalltown, Iowa. 

Adjutant-General John TweedalE, 

Washington, D. C. 

Quartermaster-General Frank Battles, 

Concord, N. H. 

Inspector-General M. J. Cummings, 

New York City, N. Y. 

Judge Advocate-General Chas. A. Clark, 

Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 

National Patriotic Instructor. . . . Allan C. BakEwELL, 

New York City, N. Y. 

Chief-of-Staff Frank A. Butts, 

Washington, D. C. 



4 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

National Council of Administration. 

Alabama George F. Jackson Birmingham. 

Arizona J- H. Creighton Phoenix. 

Arkansas C.E.Newman Judsoma. 

California and Nev -Chas. T. Rice Riverside Cal. 

Colorado and Wyo U. S. Hollister Denver, Colo. 

Connecticut Virgil F. McNeil New Haven. 

Delaware James McDowell Wilmington. 

■pU.nda Joseph Bumby Marsh viUe. 

Georgia C. A. Bucher Fitzgerald. 

If|.jho Samuel Wallace Pocitello 

Illinois Thomas W. Scott Springfield. 

Indiana Wm. H. Armstrong Indianapolis. 

Indian Territory Lyman Preston Muskogee. 

Iowa J- S. Lothrop Sioux City. 

Kansas W. W. Denison Topeka. 

Kentucky 'Geo. W. Saunders Mayfield. 

Louisiana and Miss Francis Richards New Orleans, La. 

Mjiine Geo. H. Smith Houlton. 

Maryland 

Massachusetts John W. Hersey Springfield. 

Michigan Chas. E. Foote Kalamazoo. 

Minnesota L. W. Collins Minneapolis. 

Missouri Frank M. Sterrett St. Louis 

Montana F. P. Sterling Helena. 

Nebraska James D. Gage Milford. 

New Hampshire Frank D. Woodbury Concord. 

New Jersey Clayland Tilden Jersey City. 

New Mexico John V. Hewitt White Oaks. 

New York Martin V. B. Ives Potsdam. 

North Dakota Frank Bigelow Jamestown. 

Ohio J. Cory Winans . .Troy. . 

Oklahoma M. Fitzgerald El Reno. 

Oregon Oscar L. Stranahan Hood River. 

Pennsylvania Wm. J. Patterson Pittsburgh. 

Potomac Gilbert M. Husted Washington, D. C. 

Rhode Island Chas. R. Brayton Providence. 

South Dakota John L. Turner Springfield. 

Tennessee Newton Hacker Jonesboro. 

Te.xas J. S. Dunlap Dallas. 

Utah N. D. Corser Salt Lake City. 

Vermont Daniel W. Davis Chester. 

Virginia and No. Car . . .H. B. Nichols Norfolk. 

Wash'n and Alaska . . . .William Badger N. Yakima. 

West Virginia. A. N. Prichard Mannington. 

Wisconsin Philip Cheek Baraboo. 




GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLf^ / >^, ^ ^' 

Executive Committee of the National Council or AdmitusWutionr-"""''''^ 

Thomas W. Scott, Springfield, 111. 
Martin V. B. Ives, Potsdam, N. Y. 
John W. Hersey, Springfield, Mass. 
Philip Cheek, Baraboo, Wis. 
Chas. E. Foote, Kalamazoo, Mich. 
L. W. Collins, Minneapolis, Minn. 
Clayland Tilden, Jersey City, N. J. 

PAST NATIONAL OFFICERS. 

Past Commanders-in-Chief, 

fB. F.Stephenson (provisional) (died Aug. 30, 1871) .... 1866 

tS. A. Hurlburt, Illinois (died March 27, 1882) 1866-67 

tjohn A. Logan, Illinois, (died Dec. 26, 1886) 1868-70 

fAmbrose E. Burnside, Rhode Island (died Sept. 18, 1881) . . 1871-72 

tCharles Devens, Massachusetts (died Jan. 7, 1892) .... 1873-74 

tJohn F. Hartranft, Pennsylvania (died Oct. 17, 1899) . . . 1875-76 

tJohnC. Robinson, New York (died Feb. 18, 1897) .... 1877-78 

tWilliamEarnshaw, Ohio (died July 17, 1885) 1879 

Louis Wagner, Philadelphia, Pa 1880 

fGeorge S. Merrill, Massachusetts (died Feb. 17, 1900) . . . 1881 

tPaulVanDervoort, Nebraska (died July 29, 1902) ■. . . . 1882 

Robert B. Beath, Philadelphia, Pa 1883 

John S. Kountz, Toledo, Ohio 1884 

S. S. Burdett, Washington, D. C 1885 

tLuciusFairchild, Wisconsin (died May 23, 1896) 1886 

tJohn P. Rea, Minnesota (died May 28, 1900) 1887 

William Warner, Kansas City, Mo 1888 

Russell A. Alger, Detroit, Mich 1889 

tWheelock G. Veazey, Vermont (died March 22, 1898) . . . 1890 

tJohnPalmer, Albany, N.Y. (died April 15, 190-5) 1891 

A. G. Weissert, Milwaukee, Wis 1892 

tJohn G. B. Adams, Mass. (died Oct. 19, 1900) . • 1893 

Thomas G. Lawler,Rockford, 111 1894 

tlvanN. Walker, Ind., (died Sept. 22, 1905) 1895 

T. S. Clarkson, Omaha, Neb 1896 

John P. S. Gobin, Lebanon, Pa 1897 

tjames A. Sexton, Illinois (died Feb. 5, 1899) 1898 

W. C. Johnson, Cincinnati, Ohio (elected Sept. 6, 1899) . . . 1899 

t Albert D. Shaw, New York (died Feb. 10, 1901) 1899 

Leo Rassieur, St. Louis, Mo 1900 

Ell Torrance, Minneapolis, Minn 1901 

Thomas J. Stewart, Norristown, Pa 1902 

fDeceased 



5 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

John C. Black, Chicago, 111 }^03 

tWilmonW.Blackmar, Mass. (died July 16, 1905) .... 1904 

John R. King, Baltimore, Md ^^04 

Past Senior Vice-Commanders-in-Chief. 

tjoshua T. Owen, Pennsylvania (died Nov. 7, 1887) .... 1868 

tLucius Fairchild, Wisconsin (died May 23, 1896) 1868-70 

LouisWagner, Philadelphia, Pa. . ' 1871-72 

■f-EdwardJardine, New York 1^^^ 

Joseph S. Reynolds, Santa Barbara, Cal 1875-76 

EhshaH.Rhodes, Providence, R.I 1877 

fPaul Van Dervoort, Nebraska (died July 29, 1902) .... 1878 

tJohn Palmer, Albany, N. Y. (died April 15, 1905) 1879 

fEdgar D. Swain, Illinois (died April 28, 1904) 1880 

Charles L. Young, Toledo, Ohio 1881 

W. E. W. Ross, Baltimore, Md 1882 

William Warner, Kansas City, Mo 1883 

tJohnP.Rea, Minnesota (died May 28, 1900) 1884 

Selden Connor, Portland, Me 1885 

S. W. Backus, San Francisco, Cal 1886 

tXelsonCole, Missouri (died July 31, 1899) 1887 

Moses H. Neil, Columbus, Ohio 1888 

A. G. Weissert, Milwaukee, Wis 1889 

Richard F. Tobin, Massachusetts (died Nov. 22, 1890) . . . 1890 

George H. Innis, Mattapan, Mass. (elected April 7, 1891) . . 1891 

Henry M. Duffield, Detroit, Mich 1891 

tR. H. Warfield, Cal. (died July 16, 1906) 1892 

flvan N. Walker, Ind. (died Sept, 22, 1905) 1893 

A. P. Burchfield, Pittsburg, Pa 1894 

fE. H. Hobson, Kenturky (died Sept. 13, 1901) 1895 

John H. Mullen, Wabasha, Minn 1896 

Alfred Lyth, Buffalo, N. Y 1897 

W. C. Johnson, Cincinnati, Ohio 1898 

Daniel Ross, Wilmington, Del. (elected Sept. 5, 1899) . . . 1899 

Irvin Robbins, Indianapolis, Ind 1899 

E. C. Milliken, Portland, Me 1900 

John McElroy, Washington, D. C 1901 

William M. Olin, Boston, Mass 1902 

C. Mason Kinne, San Francisco, Cal 1903 

Geo. W. Patten, Chattanooga, Tenn., 1904 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 7 

Past Junior Vice-Commanders-in-Chief . 

tJosephR. Ha wley, Conn., (died March 18, 1805) .... 1868-69 

Louis Wagner, Philadelphia, Pa 1870 

J. Warren Keifer, Springfield, Ohio 1871-72 

Edward Ferguson, Milwaukee, Wis 1873 

Guy T. Gould, Chicago, III 1874 

tC. J. Buckbee, Connecticut (died Nov. 5, 1896) 1875-76 

tWilliam Earnshaw, Ohio (died July 17, 1885) 1877 

•j-H. E. Hill, Massachusetts (died April 8, 1892) 1878 

Harrison Dingman, Washington, D. C 1879 

fGeorgeBowers, New Hampshire (died Feb. 14, 1884) . . . 1880 

C. V. R. Pond, Lansing, Mich 1881 

fl. S. Bangs, Maine (died May 30, 1903) 1882 

fW. H. Holmes, California (died March 26, 1889) 1883 

Ira E. Hicks, New Britain, Conn 1884 

tjohn R. Lewis, Georgia (died Feb. 8, 1900) 1885 

tEdgar Allan, Richmond, Va. (died Oct. 28, 1904) .... 1886 

TjohnC.Linehan,N.H. (died Sept. 19, 1905) •. 1887 

Joseph Hadfield, New York, N. Y 1888 

John F. Lovett, Trenton, N. J 1889 

tGeorgeB. Creamer, Maryland (died Sept. 16, 1896) .... 1890 

T. S. Clarkson, Omaha, Neb 1891 

fPeter B. Ayars, Delaware (died Jan. 10, 1904) 1892 

tj. C. Bigger, Texas (died Sept. 24, 1900) 1893 

Charles H. Shute, Cambridge, Mass 1894 

S. G. Cosgrove, Pomeroy, Wash. . . . _ 1895 

Charles W. Buckley, Montgomery, Ala 1896 

FrancisB. Allen, Hartford, Conn 1897 

Daniel Ross, Wilmington, Del, (elected Senior Vice Sept. 6, 

1899; office of Junior Vice left vacant) 1898 

Michael Minton, Louisville, Ky 1899 

Frank Seaman, Knoxville, Tenn 1900 

James O. Donnell, Chicago, 111 1901 

tJamesP.Averill.Ga. (died Oct. 12, 1904) . 1902 

Harry C. Kessler, Butte, Mont . 1903 

E. B. Stillings, Boston, Mass 1904 

IDeceased 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



DEPARTMENTS. 

The figures within the ( ) show the number of each Department in the 
order of permanent organization. 

ALABAMA. (42.) 

[Organized March 12. 1889. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 126.] 

Department Commander A. N. Ballard . . . .Birmingham 

Senior Vice Department Commander John Dillon Birmmgham 

Junior Vice Department Commander W. M. Campbell Florence 

Assistant Adjutant General E. D. Bacon Birmingham 

REPRESENTATIVE. ALTERNATE. 

C. A. Cook, (af large), Rowland. A. V. Jancthe (at large), 

Birmingham 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

George H. Patrick, Montgomery, George F. WoUenhaupt, 

1876-80 Birmingham, 1896. 

F. G. Sheppard, Birmingham, 1889. jW. H. Black, 1897. 
fW. H. Hunter, 1890. A. G. Bethard, Decatur, 1898. 

tSeymour Bullock, 1891. A. P. Stone, Florence, 1899. 

fA. B. Hayes, 1891. Geo. B. Randolph, Anniston, 1900. 

William Snyder, Greencastle, Pa., George F. Jackson, Birmingham, 

1892. 1901. 

J. Clyde Millar, Birmingham, 1893. E. D. Bacon, Birmingham, 1902. 
C. W. Buckley, Montgomery, 1894. R. H. AUison, New Decatur, 1903. 
Manoah Bostick, Birmingham, 1895 Henry Chairsell, Birmingham, 1904. 

A. G. Negley, Florence, 1905. 

ARIZONA. (40.) 
[Organized Jan. 17, 1888. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 150.] 

Department Commander James H. Creighton Phoenix 

Senior Vice Department Commander. A. J. Doran Prescott 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Winfield Scott Phoenix 

Assistant Adjutant General W. F. R. Schindler Phoenix 

REPRESENTATIVE. ALTERNATE. 

R. H. Greene, (at large), Phoenix. 
fDeceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



A. L. Grow, Tombstone, 1888. 

A. B. Sampson, Tucson, 1889. 
fGeorge F. Coats, 1890. 
tEdward Schwartz, 1891-92. 

Douglas Snyder, Tucson, 1893. 

Charles D. Beldon, Pittsburg, Pa., 
1894. 

W. F. R. Schindler, Phoenix, 1895. 

A. J. Sampson, Phoenix, 1896. 



George Hoxworth, Long Beach, Cal. 

1897. 
t James Finley, 1898. 

George Broughton, New Orleans, 
La., 1899. 

R. H. G. Minty, Jerome, 1900. 

Prosper P. Parker, Phcenix, 1901. 

C. F. Schumacher, Tucson, 1902. 
fGeorge W. Sanders, 1903. 
tl. M. Christy, 1904. 

Arthur J. Judd, Prescott, 1905. 



ARKANSAS. (31.) 

[Organized July 11, 1883. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 524.] 

Department Commander J. W. Lane Siloam Springs. 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Cos. Altenberg Little Rock 

Junior Vice Department Commander. H. Stone Ft. Smith 

Assistant Adjutant General J. N. Baker Siloam Springs 

REPRESENTATIVES. . ALTERNATES. 

Michael Mitchell, (at large,) Stephen Bilheimer, (at large), 

Little Rock Little Rock. 

S. H. Blackmer, Fayetteville. Caesar Anderson, Little Rock. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fStephen Wheeler, 1883-84. 
Charles C. Waters, Little Rock 

1886. 
tThomas Boles, 1887. 
' A. S. Fowler, Little Rock, 1889-90. 
W. H. H. Clayton, South McAllis- 
ter, Ind. Ter., 1891. 

Powell Clayton, Eureka Springs, 
1892. 
tLogan H. Roots, 1893. 
fThomas H. Barnes, 1893-94. 

W. C. Roberts, Rogers, 1895. 
tDeceased 



O. M, Spillman, Lake Farm, 

1896. 

A. H. Soekland, Stuttgart, 1897. 
Wilson G. Gray, Conway, 1898. 
George W. Clark, Little Rock, 1899. 
Aaron L. Thompson, Springdale, 

1900. 
W. G. Akers, Little Roqk, 1901. 
John H. Avery, Hot Springs, 

1902-1903. 
Edward T.Wolf, Washington, D. C, 

1904. 
W. S. Bartholomew, Mansfield, 1905 



10 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



CALIFORNIA ANT) NEVADA. (10.) 
[Organized Feb. 21, 1868. Numbers of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 5,600, 

Department Commander W. C. Alberger . . San Francisco, 

Senior Vice Department Commander .J. H. Shepard Oakland, 

Junior Vice Department Commander D. N. Honn Redding, 

Assistant Adjutant General John H. Roberts. .San Francisco, 

REPRESENTATIVES. 



W. G. Waters, (at large,) 

Santa Barbara. 
H. R. Campbell, Stockton. 
H. V. Parker, Fresno. 
Levi Garrett, Kingsburg. 
A. H. Johnson, Los Angeles. 
Harry Palmer, Long Beach. 
T. K. Stateler, San Francisco. 
E. L. Hawk, Sacramento. 
R. M. Green, Oroville. 
J. W. Van Horn, Los Angeles. 
John P. Swift, Marysville 
J. H. Macomber, San Jose. 



ALTERNATES. 

W. C. Harris, (at large,) 

San Andreas. 
H. Z. Osborne, Los Angeles. 
T. J. Frost, Oroville. 
J. W Reed, Anderson. 
D. A. Bennett, Chico. 
M. B. Linninger, Auburn. 
H. F. Peacock, Hanford. 
M. D. Gage, Santa Monica. 
A. D. Willey, Vallejo. 
D. N. Honn, Redding. 
A. Montague, Long Beach. 
G. H. Thoma, Reno, Nev. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



James Coey, San Francisco, 1868- 

69. 
\\'. H. Aiken, Santa Barbara, 

1873-74. 
tE. Carlson,' 1875. 
S. W. Backus, San Francisco, 1877 
fS. P. Ford, 1878-79. 
C. Mason Kinne, San Francisco, 

1880-81. 
W. A. Robinson, San Francisco, 

1882. 
tjames W. Staples, 1883. 
t James W. Davis, 1884. 
fR. H. Warfield 1885. 
W. R. Smedberg, San Francisco, 

1886. 
E. S. Salomon, San Francisco, 1887 
T. H. Goodman, San Francisco, 

1888 
tGeorge E. Gard, 1889. 

■{■Deceased 



A. J. Buckles, Sacramento, 1890 

tW. H. L. Barnes, 1891. 

J. B. Fuller, San Francisco, 1892. 

E. C. Seymour, Patton, 1893. 

J. M. Walling, Nevada City, 1894. 

Charles E. Wilson, San Francisco, 

1895. 

N. P. Chipman, Sacramento, 1897. 

Solomon Cahen, San Francisco 1 898 
tA. F. Dill, 1899. 

George M. Mott, Sacramento, 1900. 

George Stone, San Francisco, 1901. 

W. G. Hawley, San Jose, 1902. 

William R. Shafter, San Francisco, 

1903. 

Charles T. Rice, Riverside, 1904. 

W. W. Russell, Marysville, 1905. 



GRAND ARMY OP THE REPUBLIC 



11 



COLORADO AND WYOMING. (21.) 

[Organized as the Department of the Mountains, December 11, 1879. 
Name changed to Colorado, July 31, 1882. Name changed to 
Colorado and Wyoming, August 28, 1889.] 

[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 2,734.] 

Department Commander L. C. Dana Colorado Springs 

Senior Vice Department Commander.?. A. Gatchell. . . .Cheyenne, Wyo. 

Junior Vice Department Commander Chas. A. White Greeley 

Assistant Adjutant General Irving H. Burt, . . . .Colorado Springs 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

T. J. Foote, (at large,) Denver 
L. H. Cheney, Monte Vista. 
A. M. Story, Cripple Creek. 
A. A. Hoskins, Denver. 
G. F. Shannon, Denver. 
I. C. McKallip, Pueblo. 



ALTERNATES. 

G. H. Young, (at large), Evans. 

D. H. Horner, Denver. 
W. H. Smith, Denver. 
Edward Pitkin, Denver. 
W. H. Comstock, Denver. 

E. C. Goss, Denver. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tAndrew Taylor, 1875-77. 
fF. J. Bancroft, 1878-79. 
J. W. Donnellan, Salt Lake City, 
Utah, 1880-81. 
tByron L. Carr, 1884. 
A. V. Bohn, Leadville, Col., 1885. 
Henry Bowman, Denver, Col., 

1886. 
George Ady, Denver, Col., 1887. 
tjohn W. Browning, 1888. 
Thomas J. Fisher, Seattle, Wash., 
1889. 
Delos L. Holden, Pueblo, Col., 

1890. 
George W. Cook, Denver, Col., 

1891. 
John C. Kennedy, Denver, Col., 

1892. 



fMyron W. Reed, 1893. 
fNathaniel RoUins, 1894. 

N. J. O^Brien, Denver, Col., 1895. 

H. O. Dodge, Boulder, Col., 1896. 

U. S. Hollister, Denver, Col., 1897. 

W. T. S. May, Denver, Col., 1898. 
tAndrew Royal, 1899. 

H. M. Orahood, Denver, Col., 1900. 
Linus E. Sherman, Colorado 

Springs, Col., 1901 
J. W. Huff, Victor, Col., 1902. 
H. S. Vaughn, Denver, Col., 1903. 

Thomas J. Downen, Pueblo, Col., 

1904. 

Geo. W. Curfman, Denver, Col., 

1905. 



fDeceased 



12 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

CONNECTICUT. (6.) 



[Organized April 11, 1867. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 3,896.] 

Department Commander Virgil F. McNeil New Haven 

Senior Vice Department Commander Thos. L. Bartholomew . . Bridgeport 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Henry B. Lawrence New London 

Assistant Adjutant General John H. Thacher Hartford 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

W. H. Shaffer, (at large), Hartford. 

M. B. Schenck, Meriden. 

I. R. Wildman, Danbury. 

W. H. Loomis, Rockville. 

L. W. Scofield, Stamford. 

W. S. Chase, Milford. 

F. B. Sperry, New Britain. 



ALTERNATES. 

A. W. Healy, (at large), Winsted. 
J. A. Church, New Haven. 
G. A. Tucker, New Haven. 
Ebenezer Bishop, Boston, Mass. 
Christian Quein, Danbury. 
Henry M. Brown, Ansonia. 
George Greenman, Norwich. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



Edward Harland, Norwich, 1867. 
t Theodore G. Ellis, 1868-69. 
tWilliam H. Mallory, 1870-71. 
tL. A. Dickinson, 1872-73. 

tCharles J. Buckbee, 1874-75. 

'VilHam E. Dioobrow, Bridgeport. 
1876-77. 
tFrank G. Otis, 1878. 
tCharles E. Fowler, 1878-79. 

George S. Smith, Norwich, 1880. 

Alfred B. Beers, Bridgeport, 1881. 

Ira E. Hicks, New Britain, 1882. 

flsaac B. Hyatt, 1883. 
tWilHam Berry, 1884. 

Frank D. Slbat, New Haven, 1885. 
tjohn T. Crary, 1886. 
tHenry E. Taintor, 1887. 

Samu el B. Home, Winsted, 1888. 

t Deceased 



tWilliam H. Pierpont, 1889. 
tJohn C. Broatch, 1890. 
tHenry N. Fanton, 1891. 

Benajah E- Smith, Williamntic, 

1892. 

Wilbur F. Rogers, Meriden, 1893. 

Selah G. Blakeman, Birmingham, 

1894 

John M. Brewer, Norwich, 1895. 

Oscar W^ Cornish, Waterbury, 1896. 

Gustavus D. Bates, Putnam, 1897. 
tWilliam E. Simonds, 1898. 

Henry R. Jones, New Hartford, 

1899. 
tJohn K. Bucklyn, 1900. 

Thomas Boudren, Bridgeport, 1901. 

N. Burton Rodgers, Danbury, 1902. 

Morgan G. Bulkeley, Hartford, 1903 

WiUiam C. Hillard, Bristol, 1904. 

Albert A. May, Meriden, 1905. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 13 

DELAWARE. (23.) 
[Organized Jan. 14, 1881. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 190.5,563.] 

Department Commander Ira Lunt New Castle 

Senior Vice Department Commander. J. R. Hallowell .Seaford 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Silas Thompson Smyrna 

Assistant Adjutant General J. S. Litzenberg Wilmington 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Samuel Worrall, (at large), Newark Peter McAleer, (at large), "Wilming- 
ton 
Wesley E. Boulden, Wilmington. J. B. Simmons, Harrington 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tWilliamS. McNair, 1881. . Edwin F. Wood, Dover, 1895. 

John Wainwright, Wilmington, William B. Norton, Wilmington, 
1882. 1896. 

Daniel Ross, Wilmington, 1883. fj. S. Bradley, 1897. 

J. S. Litzenberg, Wilmington, 1885 Robert Liddell, Wilmington, 1898. 

tjohn M. Dunn, 1886. William H. Moystin, Wilmington, 

John E. Mowbrey, Dover, 1887. 1899. 

R. G. Buckingham, Newark, 1888. William A. Reilley, Wilmington, 

1900. 

tPeter B. Ayars, 1889. J. W. Worrell, Newark, 1901. 

Samuel Lewis, Wilmington, 1890. John C. Garner, Smyrna, 1902. 

A. J. Woodman, Wilmington, 1891 William G. Baugh, Wilmington, 

George W. Stradley, Laurel, 1892. 1903. 

Benjamin D. Bogia, Wilmington, William Kelly, Jr., Wilmington, 

1893. 1904. 

tJ. E. Vantine, 1894. William Tharp, Harrington, 1905. 

FLORIDA. (36.) 
Organized June 19, 1884. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 328.] 

Department Commander William Emerson Tampa 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Sam. W. Fox Jacksonville 

Junior Vice Departmedt Commander. Frank G. Ruffley Palatka 

Assistant Adjutant General Frank G. Parcell Tampa 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

James Skinner, (at large,) Archer Geo. Brown, (at large,) St. Augus- 
tine 
William F. Cline, Bendersville Josiah Higgins, Jacksonville. 

t Deceased 



14 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



T. S. Wilmarth, Jacksonville, 1884-5 
tG. H. Norton, 1886. 
E. W. Henck,, New York, 1887. 
William James, Jacksonville, 1888. 
J. W. V. R. Plummer, Key West, 
1889. 
Fred. S. Goodrich, Oklahoma 

City, Okl., 1890. 
John H. Welch, Miami, 1891. 
T. De V. Hazzard, Eustis, 1892. 
George F. Foote, Washington, D. C. 
1893. 
David L. Way, Jacksonville, 1894. 



fP. E. McMurray, 1895. 
L. Y. Jenness, St. Petersburg, 1896. 
Charles M. ElHs, Jacksonville, 1897. 
Edwin Kirby, Palatka, 1899. 
John S. Fairhead, Jacksonville, 

1900. 



Frank G. Parcell, Tampa, 1901. . 
S. Herbert Lancey, Maitland, 1902. 
J. F. Chase, St. Petersburg, 1903. 
Henry Marcotte, St. Augustine, 

1904 
Thos. J. Owen, Ocala, 1905. 



GEORGIA. (41.) 

[Organized January 25, 1889. Number of Members, December 31, 
1905, 428.] 

Department Commander W. H. Kimball Tallapoosaa 

Senior Vice Department Commander .C. R. Hoskins Atlanta 

Junior Vice Department Commander. E. D. Smythe August 

Assistant Adjutant General S. A. Darnell. .... - Atlanta 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

S. C. Brown, (at large,) Fitzgerald E. S. Fairbanks, (at large,) Atlanta 
D. I. Carson, Atlanta William Friend, Fitzgerald 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tjohn R. Lewis, 1889. James O. Ladd, Summersville, S.C, 
t David Porter, 1890. 1898. 

A. E. Sholes, Flushing, N. Y., 1891 Alex. Mattison, Atlanta, 1899. 

Thomas F. Gleason, Savannah, S. A. Darnell, Atlanta, 1900. 

1892-93. Lewis Thayer, Fitzgerald, 1901 . 

C. T. Watson, Nat'l. Mil. Home, W. M. Scott, Altanta, 1902. 

Ohio, 1894. F. D. Lee, Fitzgerald, 1903. 

tL. B. Nelson, 1895. J. A. Commerford, Marietta, 1904. 

John L. Clem, U. S. Army, 1896. C. F. Fairbanks, Atlanta, 1905. 
t James P. Averill, 1897. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



15 



IDAHO. (39.) 

[Organized January 11, 1S88. Number of Members, DECE^IBRR 31, 
1905, 438.] 

Department Commander Alfred Anderson Boise 

Senior Vice Department Commander .A. M. Howe Payette 

Junior Vice Department Commander. W. K. Jameson Moscow 

Assistant Adjutant General M. H. Barber Boise 

RKPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Orric Cole (at large), Boise A. J. Hoffliger, (at large), Boise 

W. N. Bellamy, Nampa Porter Armstrong, Blackfoot. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tW. H. Nye, 1888. Lindol Smith, Moscow, 1897. 

■j-A. S. Senter, 1889. . N. F. Kimball, Weiser, 1898. 

W. T. Riley, Hailey, 1890. S. L. Thompson, Lewiston, 1899. 

Judson Spofford, Grangeville, 1 891. Chas. A. Clark,Ellenberg,Wash.l900 

A. O. Ingalls, Murray, 1892. WiUiam C. Maxey, Caldwell, 1901. 

R. H. Barton, Moscow, 1893. George M. Parsons, Boise, 1902. 

T. J. Groome, Blackfoot, 1894. E. S. AVhittier, Soda Springs, 1903. 

D. H. Budlong, Coeur d'Alene, Clement F. Drake, Weiser, 1904. 
1895. 

J. L. Fuller, BHss, 1896. George A. Manning, Lewiston, 1905. 



ILLINOIS. (1.) 

[Organized April 1, 1866. Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 

18, 80S.] 

Department Commander Edwin H. Buck Rock Island 

Senior Vice Department Commander .Charles B. Wilson Chicago 

Junior Vice Department Commander. AA'illiam E. Ward Galesburg 

Assistant Adjutant General Charles A. Partridge Chicago. 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Henry Emrich, (at large,) Galesburg B. F. Craig, (at large,) Monticello 

W. H. Doherty, Chicago Maffet Hulett, Chicago 

John S. Hair, Chicago J. J. Sepple, Chicago 

C. W. Carr, Chicago E. R. Lewis, Chicago 

D. W. Howe, Chicago J. M. Holden, Chicago 
J. W. Bennett, Chicago M. H. Buzzell, Chicago 

H. B. Martin, Chicago Chas. W. DeMond, Chicago 

•j- Deceased 



16 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

E. P. Murdock, Chicago 
M. W. Diffley, Chicago 
M. L. Rohrer, Evanston 
M. D. Yager, Aurora 
Robert OHver, Rockford 
Davis Cleaveland, Prophetstown 
J. M. Gale, Bushnell 
S. P. Powelson, Canton 
Orrin Wilkinson, Princeton 
E. C. SiUiman, Chenoa 
James P. Bailey, Danville 
J. B. Nowlin, Farmer City 
William A. Wells, Winchester 
John Underfanger, Springfield 
E. A. Thomas, E. St. Louis 
Beverly W. Henry, VandaUa 
J. C. Bothwell, Fairfield 
George W. Young, Marion 
T. J. Abbott, Rockford 
C. H. Castle, Quincy 

B. F. Funk, Bloomington 

C. C. Duffy, Ottawa 
J. D. McClure, Peoria 
Joseph VoUor, Elgin 
James M. Taylor Taylorville 
Louis Krughoff, Nashville 
Samuel F. Ridgeway, Springfield 
Geo. W. G. Estover, Escanaba, Mich 
Wm. McConochie, Rock Island 

W. H. Jenkins, Pontiac 
James G. Elwood, Joliet 
John W. Lusk, Monmouth 



ALTERNATES. 

A. S. Savage, Chicago 
Edwin Cross, Chicago 
W. H. Bryan, Chicago 
P. C. Hayes, Joliet 
Henry Fey, Morris 
Homer S. Waterbury, Polo 
David M. Sapp, Plymouth 
James M. Brown, Quincy 
J. N. Birch, Elmwood 
Philander Simcoe, Chestnut 
M. A. Ewing, Neoga 

J. J. York, Roodhouse 

U. S. Painter, Auburn 

Joseph Fuess, Belleville 

E. Robinson, Vernon 

I. S. Mills, Clay City 

J. H. Hindman, Rockwood 

George F. Dick, Bloomington 

W. J. Smith, Chicago 

E.J. Pearce, Whitehall 

B. F. Mawby, Aledo 

A. J. Cheney, Oak Park 
Joseph Rosenbaum, Chicago 
J. G. Everest, Chicago 
W. P. Wright, Chicago 
Edward Watson, Chicago 
John N. Stewart, Chicago 
W. W. Fletcher, Chicago 

C. E. Shelhamer, Chicago 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



•j-B. F. Stephenson, 1866. 
tlohn M. Palmer, 1866-68. 
I'C. E. Lippincott, 1871. 

Guy T. Gould, Chicago, 1873. 
tH. H. Hilliard, 187-4-76. 

J. S. Reynolds, Santa Barbara, 

Cal., 1877. 



T. B. Coulter, Canon City, Col.. 

1878, 
tEdgar D. Swain, 1879-80. 
J. W. Burst, Sycamore, 1881. 
Thomas G. Lawler, Rockford, 1882. 
S. A. Harper, Peoria, 1883. 
L. T. Dickason, Chicago, 1884. 



•|- Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



17 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fW. W. Berry, 1SS5. 
fP. S. Post, 1886. 
fA. C. Sweetser, 1887. 
tjames A. Sexton, 1888. 

James S. Martin, Salem, 1889. 
William L. Distin, Sitka, Alaska, 

1890. 
Horace S. Clark, Mattoon, 1891. 
Edwin Harlan, Marshall, 1892. 
E. A. Blodgett, Chicago, 1893. 
H. H. McDowell, Pontiac, 189-4. 



tWilliam H. Powell, 1895. 
W. G. Cochran, Sullivan, 1896. 
A. L. Schimpff, Peoria, 1897. 
John C. Black, Washington, D.C., 

1898. 
John B. Inman, Springfield, 1899. 
Joel M. Longenecker, Chicago, 1900. 

N. B. Thistlewood, Cairo, 1901. 
H. M. Trimble, Princeton, 1902. 
Benson Wood, Effingham, 1903. 
Robert Mann Woods, Chicago, 1904 
John C. Smith, Chicago, 1905. 



INDIANA. (20.) 

[Organized August 20, 1866. Reorganized October 3, 1879.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 14,488 

Department Commander E. R. Brown Monticello 

Senior Vice Department Commander A. S. McCormick Lafayette 

tjunior Vice Department Commander George W. Coward. . . Jeffersonville 
Assistant Adjutant General John R. Fesler Indianapolis 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Morton C. Rankin, (at large,) 

Terre Haute 
William Warren, Evansville. 
William Perry, Princeton. 
James R. Henry, Gosport. 
William Houghton, Loogootee. 
D. M. Hammond, New^ Albany. 
W. R. McKnight, Salem. 
James White, Madison. 
A. C. Flannigan, Columbus. 
George W. Miller, Terre Haute. 
W. W. Kennedy, Martinsville. 
William K! Young, Richmond. 
J. K. Henby, Greenfield. 
Wm. W. Daugherty, Indianapolis. 
Charles W. Wheat, Indianapolis. 
Luther G. Pucket, Winchester. 



ALTERNATES. 

Smiley N. Chambers, (at large), 
Indianapolis' 
Samuel H. Stuckey, Petersburg. 
James D. Carmody, Evansville. 
Thomas M. Ryan, Bloomfield. 
J. H. Welton, Bicknell. 
B. H. Robinson, Jeffersonville. 
Lewis Bir, New Albany. 
J. O. Owens, Versailles. 
B. W. Wilson, Seymour. 
Mahlon W. Marshall, Rockville. 
H. H. Aye, Dana. 
A. S. Creath, Greensburg. 
W. T. Murray, Connersville. 
Thomas C. Clapp, Indianapolis. 
R. W. McBride, Indianapolis. 
George L. Gegner, Ridgeville. 



t Deceased 



18 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

George E. Springer, Anderson. 
Daniel Waugh, Tipton. 
James Bell, Covington. 
William Cummings, Kentland. 
Edward Malloy, LaPorte. 
D. H. Yeoman, Rensselaer. 
R. A. Love, Marion. 
C. D. Jackson, Wabash. 
Jacob Newman, LaGrange. 
John M. Young, Butler. 
John C. Gordon, Argos. 
Charles Larmore, Knox. . 
O. A. Somers, Kokomo. 



ALTERNATES. 

F. M. Van Pelt, Anderson. 
Isaac N. Castor, Lebanon. 
Hiram Heath, Sharpsville. 
F. M. Maddox, Otterbien. 
N. J. Bozarth, Valparaiso. 
H. A. Miller, Montmorenci. 
W. H. H. Spaulding, Peru. 
W. W. Adams, Montpelier. 
D. N. Hart, Columbia City. 
J. G. Chasey, Angola. 
M. V. Aldrich, Elkhart. 
R. S. Chamberlain, Elkhart. 
Charles Frank, Mishawaka. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fRobert S. Foster, 1866-68. 
tNathan Kimball, 1867. 

Oliver M. Wilson, Independence, 

Mo., 1869. 
tLouis Humphrey, 1870-71. 
tjonathan B. Hager, 1879. 

Samuel E. Armstrong, Brazil, 1880 

William W. Dudley, Washington, 
D.C., 1881. 
tJamesR. Carnahan, 1882-83. 

Edwin Nicar, South Bend, 1884. 

David N. Foster, Fort Wayne, 1885 
fThomas W. Bennett, 1886. 
flraj. Chase, 1887. 

Argus D. Vanosdol, Madison, 1888 

Charles M. Travis, Chicago, 111., 

1889. 



Gil R. Stormont, Princeton, 1890. 
flvan N. Walker, Indianapolis, 1891. 
t Joseph B. Cheadle, 1892. 
tJamesT. Johnston, 1893. 

Albert O. Marsh, Indianapolis, 1894 

Harvey B. Shively, Wabash, 1895. 

Henry M. Caylor, Noblesville, 1896. 

James S. Dodge, Elkhart, 1897. 

Daniel Ryan, New Lebanon, 1898. 
tWilliam L. Dunlap, 1899. 

David E. Beem, Spencer, 1900. 

Milton Garrigus, Kokomo, 1901. 
t Benjamin Starr, 1902. 

George W. Grubbs, Martinsville, 

1903. 

Daniel R. Lucas, Indianapolis, 1904 

M. D. Tackett, Greensburg, 1905. 



INDIAN TERRITORY. (45.) 

[Org.^nized July 3, 1891. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 448.J 

Department Commander J. F. Ayars Tulsa 

Senior Vice Department Commander. A. G. Crutchmer Okmulgee 

Junior Vice Department Commander B. F. Hackett Antlers 

Assistant Ad jutant General Samuel H. Smith .Muskogee 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



19 



RKPRESENTATIVE. 



ALTERNATE. 



W. A. Smith, (at large,) Sapulpa. T. B. Johnson, (at large), Ardmore. 
PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



E. Calkins, Tulsa, 1891. 
R. W. Hill, Onondaga, N. Y., 1892. 
J. H. Spann, South McAlester, 1893 
Savelon Boyles, Tahlequah, 1894. 
tj. L. Thomas, 1895. 
William H. Harrison, Checotah, 

1896. 



R. M. J. Shriver, Miami, 1897. 
David Redfield, Ardmore, 1898. 
Gideon S. White, Vinita, 1899. 
tjohn S. Hammer, 1900-1901. 
J. A. Rose, Chickasha, 1903. 
Robert Ross, Tahlequah, 1904. 
Samuel H. Smith, Muskogee, 1905. 



IOWA. (19.) 

[Organized September 26, 1866. Reorganized January 23, 1879.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 11,412.] 

Department Commander Charles A. Clark Cedar Rapids 

Senior Vice Department Commander P. D. Swick Boone 

Junior Vice Department Commander Thomas Graham Des Moines 

Assistant Adjutant General Geo. A. Newman Des Moines 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Grenville M. Dodge, (at large,) A. F. Harradon, (at large,) Mar- 
New York, N. Y. shalltown. 

Lot Abraham, Mount Pleasant. S. H. Johnston, Keokuk. 

J. S. Gantz, Fairfield. J. C. F. Wead, Washington. 

Riley Struble, Maquoketa. Gus Schmidt, Muscatine. 

C. F. Kellogg, Chnton. J. K. Corlett, Iowa City. 

G. M. Bronson, New Hartford. Henry Thamer, Eldora. 

T. W. Rente, Dubuque. F. M. Hemerling, Cedar Falls. 

A. T. Little, Strawberry Point. Harry B. Shaw, Nora Springs. 

J. F. Troutner, Charles City. Charles H. Talmadge, West Union. 

C. C. Horton, Marshalltown. R. J. Wilson, Cedar Rapids. 

G. H. Hudson, Walker. M. V. B. Evans, Beaman. 

H. M. Wilson, Vinton. E. Angel, Tipton. 

L. C. Blanchard, Oskaloosa. Harry Phillips, Newton. 

A. R. Barnes, Albia. A. K. Hostetter, Grinnell. 

A. L- Ogg, Indianola. A. S. Johnson, Des Moines. 

T. B. Jones, Gilbert. C. S. Wells, Knoxville. 

S. C. James, Centreville. H. P. Duffield, Marshalltown. 

W. E- Harper, Osceola. J. S. Noble, Ames. 

W. McFadden, Council Bluffs. J. H. Gowdey, Stuart. 

■j- Deceased 



20 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

C. C. Platter, Red Oak. 
Levi Cottington, Webster City. 
John B. Gill, Fort Dodge. 
A. D. Collier, Sioux City. 
J. C.^McCoy, Spencer. 



ALTERNATES. 

G. D. Ross, Harlan. 
John L. Kinney, Dayton. 
David Starr, Emmetsburg. 
Geo. Monlux, Rock Rapids. 
S. K. Pettit, Ida Grove. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tJ. T. Parrott, 1874-75. 

A. A. Perkins, Lewiston, Idaho, 

1876-78. 

H. E. Griswold, Atlantic, 1879. 
fW. C. Conrad, 1880. 

Peter V. Carey, Des Moines, 1881. 
tGeorge B. Hogin, 1882. 
tJohn B. Cook, 1883. 

E. G. Miller, Waterloo, 1884. 

W. R. Manning, Newton, 1885. 

W. A. Mc Henry, Denison, 1886. 
tJ. M. Tuttle, 1887. 
tE. A. Consigny, 1888. 

Charles H. Smith, Aurora, 111., 1889 
fMason P. Mills, 1890. 



fCharlesL. Davidson, 1891. 

J. J. Stead man, Los Angeles, Cal., 

1892. 

Phil. Schaller, Sac City, 1893. 

George A. Newman, Des Moines, 

1894. 
tJ. K. P. Thompson, 1895. 

Josiah Given, Des Moines, 1896. 

A. H. Evans, Keokuk, 1897. 

R. W. Tirrill, Manchester, 1898. 

C. F. Bailey, Barney, N. Dak., 1899. 

M. B. Davis, Sioux City, 1900. 

George Metzger, Davenport, 1901. 

John Lindt, Council Bluffs, 1902. 

L. B. Raymond, Hampton, 1903. 

R. T. St. John, Riceville, 1904. 

S. H. Harper, Ottumwa, 1905. 



KANSAS. (22.) 

[Organized December 7, 1866. Reorganized March 16, 1880.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 10,653.] 

Department Commander P. H. Coney Topeka 

Senior Vice Department Commadder.R. A. Campbell Hutchinson 

Junior Vice Department Commander. H. H. Carr Wichita 

Assistant Adjutant General J. M. Miller Topeka 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Cyrus Leland, (at large,) Troy. J. A. Smith, (at large,) Girard. 

B. F. Boyle, Atchinson. Jno. E. Hoagland, Holton. 

N. R. Nye, Leavenworth. J. G. Hanna, Hiawatha. 

A. A. Elhs, Lawrence. J. W. Crooks, Olathe. 

J. A. Gilmore, Garnet. Cyrus Corning, Topeka. 

E. P. Diehl, Olathe. Fred Raemer, Chanute. 

fDeceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



21 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

J. E. Plummer, Chanute. 

A. C. Force, Howard. 

G. L. Banks, Independence. 

M. H. Dawson, Peabody. 

H. A. Button, Burlingame. 

G. W. K. Baily, Eureka. 

P. C. Helder, Manhattan. 

A. Bohannan, Abilene. 

J. M. Burt^ Gypsum. 

S. C. Arnett, Belle Plaine. 

H. Naylor, Lucas. 

Henry Hartford, Hutchinson. 

James Walter, Great Bend. 

Jerry Shaw, Dodge City. 

S. M. Spangler, Newton. 

W. T. Bulkley, Wichita. 



ALTERNATES. 

A. F. Eby, Howard. 
W. W. Smith, Topeka. 

F. P. Cochran, Cottonwood Falls. 
I. W. Hitchcock, Peabody. 
M. P. Jolly, Abilene. 
Jno. Ashley, Concordia. 

B. Musser, Jewell City. 

H. R. Stone, Smith Center. 

Ed. Griffith, Ellis. 

J. Rediger, Great Bend. 

Harry Root, Beloit 

E. S. Snow, Lakin. 

W. A. Morgan, Cottonwood Falls. 

J. S. Beckwith, Wichita. 

B. F. Michael, Wellington. 

J. R. Beard, Topeha. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tjohn A. Martin, 1866-67. 

John C. Carpenter, Chanute, 1868. 

W. S. Jenkins, St. Louis, Mo., 1872. 
tJohn Guthrie, 1876. 

J. H. Gilpatrick, Leavenworth, 

1877-78. 

J. C. Walkinshaw, Leavenworth, 

1879-82. 

T. J. Anderson, Topeka, 1883. 

Homer W. Pond, Meade, 1884. 

Milton Stewart, Chicago, 111., 1885. 

C. J. McDivitt, Los Angeles, Cal., 
1886. 

T. H. So ward, Guthne, Okl., 1887. 
tj. W. Feighan, 1888. 
fHenry Booth, 1889. 

Ira F. Collins, Sabetha, 1890. 
fT. McCarthy, 1891. 



A. R. Green, Lecompton, 1892. 
Bernard Kelly, Ottawa, 1893. 
W. P. Campbell, Willow Springs, 
Mo., 1894. 
John P. Harris, Ottawa, 1895. 
William C. Whitney, Cawker City, 

1896. 

Theodore Botkin, Port Louis,Mauri. 

tius, 1897. 

D. W. Eastman, Enid, Ok., 1898. 

O. H. Coulter, Santa Anna, Cal., 

1899. 
W. W. Martin, Leavenworth, 1900. 
J. B. Remington, Ossawatomie, 

1901 
tH. C. Loomis, 1902. 
Abram W. Smith, McPherson 1903 
Charles Harris, Emporia, 1904. 
P. H. Coney, Topeka, 1905. 



Deceased 



22 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



KENTUCKY. (27.) 

[Org.^nized Jan. 16, 1883. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 1,934.] 

Department Commander Geo. T. Grinstead Winston 

Senior Vice Department Commander .Thos. Sheehan Louisville 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Richard Lilly Anchorage 

Assistant Adjutant General A. J. Tharp Winston 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

C. K. Lombard, (at large,) Belle- Wm. Pettrick, (at large,) Frank- 
vue. f'^f't 

.Enos. McGuffin, Louisville. D. W. Capito, Louisville. 

Jno. H. Bryant, Fearis. E. P. Marrs, Louisville. 

Jno. Russell, Greensburg. E. W. Ward, Covington. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tJ. C. Michie, 1883. Daniel O'Riley, Leitchfield, 1894. 

tW. H. Harton, 1884. Americus Wheedon, Louisville, 

tGeorge W. Northrup, 1885. 1896. 

A. J. Tharp, Winston, 1897. 
Thomas Z. Morrow, Somerset, 1886 J. W. Hammond, Louisville, 1898. 
William Bowman, Tolesboro, 1887. Joseph H. Browning, Louisville, 
O. A. Reynolds, Covington, 1888. 1899. 

L. M. Drye, Lebanon, 1900. 
■j-Vincent Boring, 1889. John Blaes, Louisville, 1901. 

Michael Minton, Louisville, 1890. T. F. Beyland, Bellevue, 1902. 
Samuel G. Hillis, Vanceburg, 1891 W. G. Force, Louisville, 1903. 
tEdward H. Hobson, 1892. William T. Bausmith, Bellevue, 

T. E. Livezey, Cincinnati, O., 1893 1904. 

Bernard Matthews, Louisville, 1905. 

LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. (35.) 



[Organized as the Department of the Gulf, May 15, 1884. Changed 

TO Louisiana and Mississippi, June 13, 1888.] 

[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 1,050.] 

Department Commander Chas. W. Keeting, . . . New Orleans. 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Patrick H. Boyle, . . New Orleans. 
Junior Vice Department Commander. H. N. Singleton, Vicksburg, Miss. 
Assistant Adjutant General M. A. C. Hussey New Orleans. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



23 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edwin Butler, (at large,) New 

Orleans, La. 
Lewis Herman, New Orleans, La. 
Charles Moran, New Orleans, La. 



ALTERNATES. 

Richard Sheppard, (at large,) New 
Orleans, La. 
Cyrus Ganner, New Orleans, La. 
William Walker, New Orleans, La. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



J W. Scully, Atlanta, Ga., 1885. 
Charles H. Shute, Cambridge, 

Mass., 1893. 
Charles W. Keeting, New Orleans, 

La., 1894-99. 
F. C. Antoine, New Orleans, La., 
end of 1900. 



Paul Bruce, New Orleans, La., 
end of 1901. 

Charles W. Keeting, New Orleans, 
La., 1902-1904. 

J. S. Davidson, Bayou Goula, La., 
end of 1905. 



MAINE. (9.) 

[Organized Jan. 10, 1868, Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 5,654.] 

Department Commander Fred S. Walls Vinalhaven 

Senior Vice Department Commander .Jos. J. Roberts. . .Winter Harbor 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Daniel C. Ayer Edes Falls 

Assistant Adjutant General Thos. G. Libby Vinalhaven 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Ira C. Jordan, (at large,) Bethel. C. B. Vinal, (at large,) 

Edwin Riley, Livermore Falls. Corydon Powers, Caribou. 

I. B. Russell, Farmington. Egbert T. Andrews, Cnmberland 

Jos. J. Roberts, East Sullivan. Center. 

E. R. Faunce, Oxford. Jethro H. Swett, Kittery. 

John F. Foster, Bangor. Edwin A. Butler, Rockland. 

A. B. Sumner, Lubec. H. A. Huse, Bath. 

A. E. Nickerson, Searsport. Chas. Smith, Skowhegan. 

Lewis Selbing, Augusta. Geo. E. Downing, Dover. 

Humphrey E. Webster, Newcastle. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

fGeorge L. Beal, 1868-69. fHorace K. Burbank, 1888. 

Charles P. Mattocks, Portland, Franklin M. Drew, Lewiston, 1889. 

1870-71. John D. Anderson, Gray, 1890. 

fDaniel White, 1872-73. Samuel L. Miller, Waldoboro, 1891. 

t Deceased 



24 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



Seldon Connor, Portland, 1874-75. 

Nelson Howard, Lewiston, 1876. 
tjohn D. Myrick, 1877. 

Augustus C. Hamlin, Bangor, 1878. 
tWinsor B. Smith, 1879. 
tisaac S. Bangs, 1880. 

William G. Haskell, Washington, 
D. C, 1881. 

Augustus B. Farnham, Bangor, 

1882. 
tElijah M. Shaw, 1883. 

Benjamin Williams, Rockland, 

1884. 
tjames A. Hall, 1885. 

Samuel W. Lane, Augusta, 1886. 

Richard K. Gatley, Portland, 1887. 



Isaac Dyer, Skowhegan, 1892. 
Wainwright Cushing, Foxcroft,1893 
tj. Wesley Oilman, 1894. 
William H. Green, Portland, 1895. 
Lorenzo D. Carver, Rockland, 1896, 
Leroy T. Carleton, Winthrop, 1897. 
Charles A. Southard, Oakland, 

1898. 
Frederick Robie, Gorham, 1899. 
Seth T. Snipe, Bath, 1900. 
William Z. Clayton, Bangor, 1901. 
James L. Merrick, Waterville, 1902. 
Joshua L. Chamberlain, Brunswick, 

1903 
E C. Milliken, Portland, 1904. 
Henry O. Perry, Ft. Fairfield, 1905. 



MARYLAND. (16.) 

[Organized January 8, 1868. Reorganized June 9, 1876.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 2,081.] 

Department Commander George Prechtel Baltimore 

Senior Vice Department Commander. John T. Holmes Baltimore 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Cyrus Sears Baltimore 

Assistant Adjutant General John A. Thompson Baltimore 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Wm. J. Vannort, (at large,) Ches- Wm. E. Chenowith, (at large,) 

tertown Baltimore. 

Robt. C. Sunstrom, Baltimore. W. S. Drach, New Windsor. 

J. Woodfin Minifie, Baltimore. John A. Eppley, Baltimore. 

E. H. ^^'elsh, Cumberland. J. W. Thomas, Hagerstown. 

Henry E. Challis, Baltimore. S. Gamble, Emmittsburg. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

t Andrew W. Dennison, 1867-69. George F. Wheeler, Baltimore, 1889 

E. Y. Goldsborough,Frederick, 1870 George R. Graham, Baltimore, 1890 
E. T. Daneker, Baltimore, 1871. fjoseph C. Hill, 1891. 
Adam E. King, Baltimore, 1872. Wallace A. Bartlett, Washington, 

tE. B. Tyler, 1876-78. D.C., 1892. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



25 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



William E. Griffith, Cumberland, 
1879. 
W. E. W. Ross, Baltimore, 1880- 

81. 
Graham Dukehart, Baltimore, 

1882. 
tjohn Suter, 1883. 

Frank M. Smith, Baltimore, 1884. 
tJohn W. Horn, 1885. 
George W. F. Vernon, Baltimore, 
1886. 
fHenry P. Underhill, 1887. 
Theo. F. Lang, Baltimore, 1888. 



tFrank Nolen, 1893. 

Myron J. Rose, Baltimore, 1894. 
tOliver A. Horner, 1895. 
fA. S. Cooper, 1896. 
George W. Johnson, Baltimore, 

1897. 
David L. Stanton, Baltimore, 1898. 
Lewis N. Zimmerman, Baltimore, 

1899. 
John R. King, Washington, D.C., 

1900. 
John G. Taylor, Baltimore, 1901. 
tJohn W. Worth, 1902. 
William Stahl, Baltimore, 1903. 
James Campbell, Baltimore, 1904. 
Richard N. Bowerman, Baltimore, 

1905. 



MASSACHUSETTS. (7.) 

[Organized May 7, 1867. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 15,947.] 

Department Commander J. Payson Bradley Boston 

Senior Vice Department Commander . D. H. L. Gleason Natick 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Alfred S. Roe Worcester 

Assistant Adjutant General W. A. Wetherbee Boston. 



REPRKSENTATIVES. 

Charles R. Kaplinger, (at large,) 

Springfield. 
John Gilbert, Fall River. 
Nathan C. Underwood, So. Chat- 
ham. 
Ruel W. Dunbar, Kingston. 
Augustus G. Tinkham, Brockton. 
George E. Noyes, Hyde Park. 
Edward H. Dunbar, Norwood. 
Geo. A. Hosley, Charlestown. 
Mansel H. Bush, Boston. 
Wm. P. Innis, Chelsea. 
Stephen F. Keyes, Boston. 

•j- Deceased 



ALTERNATES. 

Geo. W. Nason, (at large,) Boston. 
Rufus A. Soule, New Bedford. 
Charles S. Anthony, Taunton. 
W. B. Stetson, Middleboro. 
C. L. Stevens, Rockland. 
J. Varnum Abbott, E. Dedham. 
George A. Fletcher, Milton. 
Albert F. Rich, Charlestown. 
Edwin S. Davis, Roxbury. 
Asa D. Smith, So. Boston. 
Dennis Linehan, Boston. 
Theodore Leutz, Boston. 
Benjamin Savory, Marblehead. 



26 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 
Joseph H. Haskill, Brighton. 
John R. Merritt, Swampscott. 
Luther Waite, Ipswich. 
James A. Wright, Beverly. 
Thomas P. Wills, Lawrence. 
James Frey, Lynn. 
Darius Pierce, Haverhill. 
Geo. H. S. Driver, Wakefield. 
W. H. H. Howe, Cambridge. 
Alphonso B. Pierce, Natick. 
Allison M. Stickney, Medford. 
Augustus Lovejoy, Ayer. 
Henry Parsons, Marlboro. 
W. H. Hinman, Fiskdale. 
Woodbury C. Smith, Worcester. 
Theodore K. Parker, Winchendon. 
Charles W. Hildreth, Fitchburg. 
H. L. Dempsey, E. Brookfield. 
L. W. Steimer, Westfield. 
George E. Stockwell, North Adams 
Nathaniel W. Farrar, Northampton 
A. J. Hvmt, Gt. Barrington. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



ALTERNATES. 
Chas. S. Noyes, Newburyport. 
John H. Russell, Methuen. 
Edwin P. Stanley, Manchester. 
Richard J. Nichols, Lynn. 
ElHot Adams, Gloucester. 
Granville C. Fisk, Ashland. 
Charles Thompson, Stoneham. 
W. E. MeUish, Ayer. 
Bernard Fletcher, Woburn. 
Henry Worcester, Maiden. 
George A. Reed, Saxonville. 
Amory S. Haynes, Bolton. 
George Bliss, Warren. 
Sidney Sibley, Fitchburg. 
Albert Mason, Gardner. 
Silas Newton, Oxford. 
E. Proctor Pierce, Springfield. 
W. L. Crosier, North Adams. 
R. B, Dickie, Pittsfield. 
John White, Pittsfield. 



Austin S. Cushman, East Orange, 
N. J., 1866-67. 

A. B. R. Sprague, Worcester, 1868 

Francis A. Osborne, Boston, 1869. 
t James L. Bates, 1870. 
fWilliam Cogswell, 1871. 
fA. B. Underwood, 1873. 

John W. Kimball, Ficthburg, 1874 
fGeorgeS. Merrill, 1875. 

Horace B. Sargent, Mare Island, 
Cal. 1876-78. 
tJ. G. B. Adams, 1879. 
tjohn A. Hawes, 1880. 

George W. Creasey, Lynn, 1881. 
tGeorge H. Patch, 1882. 
fGeorge S. Evans, 1883. 

John D. Billings, Cambridgeport, 
1884. 

John W. Hersey, Springfield, 1885 
fRichard F. Tobin, 1886. 

j- Deceased 



Charles D. Nash, Chelsea, 1887. 

Myron P. Walker, Belchertown, 

1888. 

George L. Goodale, Medford, 1889. 

George H. Innis, Mattapan, 1890. 

Arthur A. Smith, Colerain, 1891. 

James K. Churchill, Worcester, 1892. 

EH W. Hall, Lynn, 1893. 

Wilfred A. Wetherbee, Boston, 1894 
t Joseph W. Thayer, 1895. 
tWilliam P. Derby, 1896. 

John M. Deane, Fall River, 1897. 
tWiUiam H. Barlett, 1898. 

John E. Oilman, Roxbury, 1899. 

Peter D. Smith, Andover, 1900. 

Silas A. Barton, Waltham, 1901. 
fWilmon W. Blackmar, 1902. 

Dwight O. Judd, Holyoke, 1903. 

Lucius Field, Clinton, 1904. 

James H. WoM, Brighton, 1905. 



GRAND ARMY OP THE REPUBLIC 



27 



MICHIGAN. (18.) 

[Organized May 6, 1868. Reorganized January 22, 1879.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 11,566.] 

Department Commander Joseph B. Griswold. . .Grand Rapids 

Senior Vice Department Commander . R. L. Jones Saginaw 

Junior Vice Department Commander. O. Palmer Grayling 

Assistant Adjutant General Fayette Wyckoff Lansing 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

E. B. Fenton, (at large,) Detroit J. R. Stephenson, (at large,) Grand 
1^ Rapids. 

George L. Holmes, Detroit. W. N. Stevens, Detroit. 

Albert Dunham, Jackson. G. W. Hurd, Dundee. 

Milo Thompson, Eaton Rapids. William Vickery, Battle Creek. 

Henry Spaulding, Hartford. V. P. Fales, Wayland. 

Harmon W. Holcomb, Portland. Frank E. Willett, Flint. 

C. Wilcox, Howell. Frank R. Chase, Smyrna. 

E. V. W. Brokaw, Port Huron. George W. Howe, Port Huron. 

W. H. Stocker, St. Johns. George W. Stimson, Merl Beach. 

G. W. Wheeler, Cadillac. Elijah Bowerman, Sherman 

H. H. Apiin, Bay City L. G. Wilcox, Bay City. 

Andrew Curtis, Big Rapids. John Greig, Alma. 

P. C. Beanstoif, Marquette. James N. Cox, Lansing. 

M. M. Andrews, Bay City. P. H. McBride, Holland. 

J. W. Brakeman, Muskegon. R. L. Warren, Ann Arbor. 

William Smith, Lamb. A. H. Rolph, Escanaba. 

David S. Howard, Pontiac. William Barrett, Bay City. 

H. A. Chapin, Lansing. George Clark, Kalamazoo. 

Roda O'Meara, Soldiers Home. Robert King, Lapeere. 

Andrew J. Ward, Holland. W. H. Morgan, Pontiac. 

Lucius M. Church, Howard City. William Bouck, Monroe. 

Chas. J. Pierce, Detroit. John Cole, Big Rapids. 

A. L. Bryant, Mayville. John Devlin, Detroit. 

Isaac Grant, Reed City. C. C. Dunham, Cadillac. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



Russell A. Alger, Detroit, 1868. 
tWiUiam Humphrey, 1870. 

C. V. R. Pond, Lansing, 1878-79. 
fA. T. McReynolds, 1880. 

Byron R. Pierce, Grand Rapids, 
1881-82. 



Henry S. Dean, Ann Arbor, 1892. 
James H. Kidd, Ionia, 1893. 
Louis Kanitz, Muskegon, 1894. 
S. B. Daboll, St. John, 1895. 
William Shakespeare, Kalamazoo 

1896! 



f Deceased 



28 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS 



Oscar A. Janes, Detroit, 1883. 

Rush J. Shank, Lansing, 1884. 
fCharles D. Long, 1885 

John Northwood, New Lothrop, 

1886. 
tL. G. Rutherford, Hart, 1887. 

Washington Gardner, Albion, 1888 

Michael Brown, Big Rapids, 1889. 

Henry M. Duffield, Detroit, 1890. 
tCharles L. Eaton, 1891. 



Aaron T. Bliss, Saginaw, 1897. 
fAlex. L. Patrick, 1898. 

Russell R. Pealer, Three Rivers, 

1899. 

Ethel M. Allen, Portland, 1900. 

James Van Kleeck, Saginaw, 1901. 

Edward C. Anthony, Negaunee 1902 

D. B. K. VanRaalte, Holland, 1903. 
tGeorge H. Hopkins, 1904. 

Ellery C. Cannon, Evart, 1905. 



MINNESOTA. (24.) 

[Organized August 14, 1867. Reorganized August 17, 1881.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 6,523.] 

Department Commander Levi Longfellow Minneapolis 

Senior Vice Department Commander. J. A. Everett Fairmont 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Dura Corbin Little Falls 

Assistant Adjutant General Orton S. Clark St. Paul 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

W. B. McCord, (at large,) Minne- B. A. Man, (at larg^) Winona. 

apolis. E. Z. Rasey, St. James. 

B. R. Damrin, St. Peter. A. H. Pickle, Sleepy Eye. 

J. W. Bishop, St. Paul. J. H. Mullen, Wabasha. 

E. E. Bromley, Dodge Center. J. A. Town, Worthington. 
J. G. Graham, Good Thunder. J. A. Anderson, Red Wing. 

F. A. Carlson, Red Wing. James Mulvey, Stillwater. 
F. B. Doran, St. Paul. Geo. W. Morey, Minneapolis. 
L. A. Grant, Minneapohs. Jerry Glunt, Staples. 

J. F. Piemen, Staples. R. M. Gifford, Canby. 

A. E. Rice, Willmar. S. W. Clark, Duluth. 

W. H. Harrison, Aitkin. John Marth, Barnesville. 
Geo. W. Grant, Detroit. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

Henry G. Hicks, Minneapolis, 1868. L, M. Lange, Cass Lake, 1892. 

Henry A. Castle, St. Paul, 1872-74 John Day Smith, Minneapolis, 1893. 

tGeorge H. Johnston, 1876. Samuel R. Van Sant, Minneapolis, 

Adam Marty, Stillwater, 1881-82. 1894. 

tjohn P. Rea, 1883. EH Torrance, Minneapolis, 1895. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



29 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS 

tE. C. Babb, 1884. J- J- McCardy, Washington, D.C., 

R. A. Becker, St. Paul, 1885. ' " 1896. 

William Thomas, Mankato 1886. E. B. Wood, Long Prairie, 1897. 

Lewis L. Wheelock, Owatonna, fE. W. Mortimer, 1898. 

1887. D. B. Searle, St. Cloud, 1899. 
James H. Ege, Minneapohs, 1888. Gideon S. Ives, St Paul, 1900. 
fAlphonso Barto, 1889. William H. Harries.Caledonia, 1901. 

James Compton, Minnehaha Falls. Perry Starkweather, Minneapolis, 

1890. '902. 

fCharles D. Parker, 1891. Isaac L. Mahan, St. Paul, 190-3. 

Harrison White, Luverne, 1904. 
C. F. Macdonald, St. Cloud, 1905 

MISSOURI. (25.) 

[Organized May 16, 1867. Reorganized April 22, 1882.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 7,858.] 

Department Commander John M. Williams California 

Senior Vice Department Commander. J. B. Davis Kansas City 

Junior Vice Department Commander. H. T. Holmes Jefferson City 

Assistant Adjutant General Thos. B. Rodgers St. Louis 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Peter Jos. Osterhaus, (at large,) J. A. Hayes, (at large), Kansas City. 

St. Louis. A. J. Lanning, Brookfield. 

Joseph A. Demuth, St. Joseph. Edward Borck, St. Louis. 

John B. Cotty, Moberly. J. W. French, La Plata. 

David A. French, Chillicothe. George Hayes, Kirksville. 

Chas. W. Rubey, Lebanon. W. W. Chapel, Appleton City. 

Griffith Evans, Kirksville. W. B. Mullins, Miami. 

C. W. Clarke, Kansas City. Giles F. Hand, Stanberry. 

B. F. Luttman, Jefferson City. H. F. Glahn, Clarence. 

Chris. Fricke, St. Louis. J. B. Pollard, Clayton. 

Edward Garland, Carthage. E. C. Baugher, SulUvan. 

Wm. B. Sparks, Grant City. E. McGary, Green Ridge. 

W. A. Fast, Sedalia. R. M. Griggs, Novelty. 

Louis F. Klostermann, Cape Gir- J. K. Larimore, Climax Springs. 

ardeau. John R. Young, Collins. 

A. R. Dixon, Springfield. D. W. Rexroad, Stanberry. 
Geo F. Laemmlein, St. Louis. 
John G. Grems, Maryville. 
J. W. Lucas, Kidder. 

f Deceased 



30 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

William Warner, Kansas City, tLouis Grund, 1894. 

1882-8.3. Louis Benecke, Brunswick, 1895. 

W. F. Chamberlain, Hannibal, Thomas B. Rodgers, St. Louis, 
1884. 1896. 

tNelson Cole, 1885-86. John P. Piatt, Cameron, 1897. 

tE. E. Kimball, 1887. A. G. Peterson, St. Louis, 1898. 

tHiram Smith, Jr., 1888. John W. Scott, Moberly, 1899. 

John E. Phelps, Orting, Wash., W. F. Henry, Kansas City, 1900. 

1889. George Hall, Trenton, 1901. 

Leo Rassieur, St. Louis, 1890. Ira T. Bronson, Sedalia, 1902. 

George W. Martin, Brooklield, F. M. Sterrett, St. Louis, 1903. 

1891. Jere. T. Dew, Kansas City, 1904. 
C. W. Whitehead, Kansas City, 1892. Henry Fairback, St. Louis; 1905. 
Charles G. Burton, Nevada, 1893. 

MONTANA. (37.) 

[Organized March 10, 1885. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 416.] 

Department Commander Andrew J. Fisk Helena 

Senior Vice Department Commander. E. A. Waterbury Anaconda 

Junior Vice Department Commander. C. E. Kinney Bozeman 

Assistant Adjutant General Frank P. Sterling.. ..... Helena 

REPRESENTATIVES. . ALTERNATES. 

O. S. Hinds, (at large,) Columbia N. A. Decker, (at large,) Bozeman. 

Falls. W. H. Yeaton, Livingston. 
P. H. Tooley, Moore. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tThomas P. Fuller, 1885. Lester S. Willson, Bozeman, 1896. 

Charles S. Warren, Butte, 1886. Thaddeus C. Davidson, Anaconda, 

Ela C. Waters, Livingston, 1887. 1897. 

Junius G. Sanders, Butte, 1888. W. H. H. Dickinson, Missoula, 1898 

tjames E. Calloway, 1889. C. B. Miller, Helena, 1899. 

Ed. F. Ferris, Bozeman, 1890. P. H. Manchester, Butte, 1900. 

Harry C. Kessler, Butte, 1891. Frank P. Sterling, Helena, 1901. 

John L. Sloan, Missoula, 1892. Alanson N. Bull, Bozeman, 1902. 

Joseph O. Gregg, Cleveland, Ohio, J. S. Wisner, Anaconda, 1903. 

1893. Henry N. Blake, Helena, 1904. 

tPeter R. Dolman, 1894. tWilbur F. Sanders, 1905. 

Robert E. Fisk, Berkeley, Cal., 1895 (Died July 7, 1905.) 

A. J. Fisk, Helena, 1905. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



31 



NEBRASKA. (17.) 

[Organized June 11, 1877. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 4,403.] 

Department Commander J. R. Maxon Minden 

Senior Vice Department Commander. John F. Diener Syracuse 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Jonathan Edwards Omaha 

Assistant Adjutant General C. M. Parker Lincoln 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

C. H. Horth, (at large,) Shelton. H. W. George, (at large,) Broken 

S. H. Williams, Franklin. Bow. 

W. R. Roberts, Superior. C. K. Humphrey, Seward. 

C. H. Harrier, Valley. M. V. Hill, Rising. 

J. W. Coleman, Neligh. George Ellett, Omaha. 

S. W. Thornton, Kearney. H. M. Deitrich, York. 

H. R. Beachell, Waverly O. C. Bell, Lincoln. 

E. G. Pierce, Orleans. J. S. Hoagland, North Platte. 

R. D. Pine, Lincoln. F. B. Bryant, Omaha. 

W. F. Garver, Humbolt. F. A. Truell, Lincoln. 

R. P. Stewart, Bloomington. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tPaul VanDervoort, 1877. fC J. Dillworth, 1892. 

fR. H. Wilber, 1878. fA. H. Church, 1893. 

fS. W. Savage, 1879-80. Church Howe, Auburn, 1894. 

S. J. Alexander, Lincoln, 1881-82. C. E. Adams, Superior, 1895. 

John C. Bonnell, 1883, Honorably J. H. Culver, Lincoln, 1896. 

discharged John A. Edrhardt, Stanton, 1897. 

H. E. Palmer, Omaha, 1884. Thomas J. Majors, Peru, 1898. 

A. V. Cole, Hastings, 1885. John E. Evans, North Platte, 1899. 

tjohn M. Thayer, 1886. John Reese, Broken Bow, 1900. 

tHenry C. Russell, 1887. Robert S. Wilcox, Omaha, 1901- 

tW. C. Henry, 1888. C. F. Steele, Fairbury, 1902. 

tJ. B. Davis, 1889. Lee S. Estelle, Omaha, 1903. 

S. H. Morrison, Nebraska City, 1889. Harmon Bross, Lincoln, 1904. 

T. S. Clarkson, Omaha, 1890. John Lett, Benedict, 1905. 

Joseph Teeter, Lincoln, 1891. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. (12.) 

[Organized June 30, 1868. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905, 2,829.] 

Department Commander O. B. Warren Rochester 

Senior Vice Department Commander .Wm. S. Pillsbury. . .Londonderry 

Junior Vice Department Commander. A. D. Sanborn Franklin 

Assistant Adjutant General Frank Battles Concord 

t Deceased 



32 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wm. A. Beckford, (at large,) Bris- 
tol. 
\Vm. Heywood, Barnstead. 
Wm. W. Pike, Groveton. 
Lewis F. Jones, Farmington. 
James E. Randlett, Concord. 
Andy Holt, So. Lyndeboro. 
H. E. Brewster, Keene. 



ALTERNATES. 

A. Lester Faunce, (at large,) Som- 
ersworth. 
P. L. Goud, Milan. 
J. M. Sanborn, Lakeport. 
Franklin J. Tenney, Newport. 
George K. Stratton, Bradford. 
Ira P. Fellows, Manchester. 
Andrew J. Pierce, Claremont. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fMatthew T. Betton, 1867. 
fWilliam R. Patten, 1868. 
Daniel J. Vaughan, Cambridge, 

Mass., 1869 
James E. Larkin, Everett, Mass., 

1870. 
t Augustus H. Bixby, 1871. 
"William H. Trickey, Hinsdale, 

1872. 
fTimothy W. Challis, 1873-74. 
Alvin S. Eaton, Nashua, 1875. 
Charles J. Richards, Somersworth, 
1876-78. 
tGeorge Bowers, 1879-80. 
Martin A. Haines, Lakeport, 1881- 

82. 
tjohn C. Linehan, 1883-84. 
Marcus M. CoUis, Portsmouth, 

1885. 
tGeorge Farr, 1886. 
OtisC. Wyatt, Tilton, 1887. 
fA. B. Thompson, 1888. 



James F. Grimes, Hillsboro Bridge, 

1889. 
fThomas Cogswell, 1890. 
Everett B. Huse, Enfield, 1891. 
Daniel Hall, Dover, 1892. 
fFrank G. Noyes, 1893. 
David R. Pierce, Fargo, N. Dak., 

1894. 
Charles E. Buzzell, Lakeport, 1895. 
Lewis W. Aldrich, East Westmore- 
land, 1896. 
James Minot, Concord, 1897. 
fA. S. Twitchell, 1898. 
Horace L. Worcester, Rochester, 

1899. 
David E. Proctor, Wilton, 1900. 
Alanson C. Haines, Newmarket, 

1901. 
William S. Carter, Lebanon, 1902, 
Edward E. Parker, Nashua, 1903. 
Henry O. Kent, Lancaster, 1904. 
Daniel B. Newhall, Concord, 1905. 



NEW JERSEY. (8.) 

[Organized Dec. 10, 1867. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 4,563.] 

Department Commander Alfred Atkins Roselle Park. 

Senior Vice Department Commander .Arthur W. Tench. . . . Forest Hill, 

Newark. 
Junior Vice Department Commander. Albert Winans. . . . MiUville 

Assistant Adjutant General Ed. Baldwin, Jr Elizabeth. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



33 



REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

John Grimes, (at large,) Jersey City. Jos. Brant, (at large,) Elizabelli 

Jos. Ettinger, Paterson. Edwin Marsh, Elizabeth. 

Fred Scholl, Newark. G. R. Patterson, Jersey City. 

W. H. Schmidt, Town of Union. R. D. Brower. Milburn. 

T. A. Haring, Hackensack. 

Geo. M. Cadmus, Bloomfield. 

James Gordon, Trenton. 

Jno. W. Stichler, Newark. 

E. P. Reichhelm, Jersey City. 

Geo. F. Currie, Atlantic City. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tE. Jardine, 1868. A. M. Matthews, Orange, 1890. 

t William Ward, 1869-70. J. R. Mullikin, Newark, 1891. 

fRichard H. Lee, 1871-72. fH. A. Donnelly, 1892. 

Charles Burrows, Rutherford, H. L. Hartshorn, Camden, 1893. 

1874-75. John Shields, Flemington, 1894. 

E. W. Davis, Newark, 1876. fHenry S. White, 1895. 
tjohn Muller, 1877-78. Ernest C. Stahl, Trenton, 1896. 

Samuel Hufty, Camden, 1879. fEmanuel Sands, 1897. 
tGeorge W. Gile, 1880. Samuel G. Hayter, Bloomfield, 1897 

Charles H. Houghton, Jersey City, William C. Smith, Plainfield, 1898. 
1881. George Barrett, Camden, 1899. 

George B. Fielder, Jersey City, E. V. Richards, Trenton, 1900. 

1883. John Lawrence, New Brunswick, 

Henry M. Nevius, Red Bank, 1884-85. 1901. 

Frank O. Cole, Jersey City, 1886. Enos V. Hann, Atlantic City, 1902. 

tj. L. Wheeler, 1887. fStephen M. Long, 1903. 

E. Burd Grubb, Beverly, 1888. James M. Atwood, Trenton, 1904. 

W. B. E. Miller, Camden, 1889. Charles Curie, Paterson, 1905. 

NEW MEXICO. (32.) 

[Organized July 14, 1883. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 208.1 

Department Commander W. B. Brunton Shoemaker 

Senior Vice Department Commander . W. W. McDonald Albuquerque 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Thomas Brannigan. . . .Las Cruces 
Assistant Adjutant General A. D. Higgins Las Vegas 

REPRESENTATIVE. ALTERNATE. 

Thomas Harwood, (at large,) D. M. Sutherland, (at large,) 

Albuquerque Alamogordo 

t Deceased 



34 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tHenry M. Atkinson, 1883. 
tEdward W. Wynkoop, 1884. 

J. J. Fitzgerald, City of Mexico, 

1885. 

E. S. Stover, Albuquerque, 1886. 

John Y. Hewitt, White Oaks, 1887 
tFrancis Downs, 1888 and 1897-98. 
tTohn H. Wills, 1889. 

Lee H. Rudisille, White Oaks, 1890 

A. M. Whitcomb, Albuquerque, 1890 
fAlbert J. Fountain, 1891. 

S. W. Dorsey, Denver, Col., 1892. 



W. H. Whiteman, Santa Fe, 1893. 

George W. Knaebel, Santa Fe, 

1894 and 1899. 
tThomas W. Collier, 1895. 
tjohn C. Bromagen, 1896. 
tLeverett Clarke, Albuquerque, 1898 

John R. McFie, Santa Fe, 1900-1901 

j. W. Edwards, San Diego, Cal., 

1902-1903. 

Theo. W. Heman, Tucumcari, 1904. 

Jacob Weltmer, Santa Fe, 1905. 



NEW YORK. (5.) 

[Organized April 3,1867. Number of Members, Dec 31, 1905,27,477.] 

Department Commander John S. Maxwell Amsterdam 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Daniel J. O'Brien Albany 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Jared W. Wicks vSyracuse 

Assistant Adjutant General O. P. Clarke Albany 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Louis C. Greenleaf, (at large, F. Cossum, (at large,) Auburn. 

Watertown. Edward Heatherton, New York City 

George L. Clemons, Clemons. H. A. Kraus, New York City. 

Samuel C. Yeaton, Brooklyn. A. W. Seger, Waverly. 

A. C. Getten, Sandy Hill. Jos. H. Barker, New York City. 

F. H. Cramer, Malone. Theo. Van Ness, Yonkers. 

J. M. Gibbs, Byron Center. R. R. Stilwell, Port Byron. 

J. J. Augustine, Rochester. C. B. Hebble, Kings Bridge. 

Harvey Trask, Mount Upton. Rodney Richardson, Portville. 

L. Y. Miller, Olean J. H. Everett, Kingston. 

S. N. Keener, Newark. I. G. Manning, Poughkeepsie. 

J. M. McCloskey, Richmond Hill. E. H. Sentell, Sodus Point. 

D. S. Binnings, Plattsburg. Robert Madden, Lockport. 

William Hobbins, Amsterdam. Jasper Smith, Whitney's Point. 

Wm. H. Hyler, Port Chester. M. Mahany, Rome. 

Crumby Bolton, Troy. John Conway, Albany. 

Fred Lamb, Cornwall. Charles Baxter, Hannibal. 

J. B. Van Wie, Coxsackie. Elvin Farrar, Machias. 

Daniel Law ton, New Haven. Henry Bates, NewburgL 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



35 



REPRESENTATIVES 

vorenzo Smith, Gouverneur. 
B. J. McGowan, Long Island City. 
J. C. Heney, Perth Amboy. 
W. W. Ryder, Ossining. 

B. J. Bodine, Port Richmond 

David W. Lee, East Orange, N. J. 

C. H. Bouton, Marathon. 

E. W. Burdick, Ithaca. 
George O. Mead, Walton. 
Edwin V. Deuel, Saratoga Springs 
Peter Pierson, Union. 

R. P. Bush, Horseheads. 
Martin Schloss, New York City. 
P. S. Biglin, Great Kills, P. O. 

F. L. Schaefer, New York City. 
F. E. Goldthwait, New York City. 
Christ. Bange, New York City. 
W. E. White, New York City. 

F. M. McCarthy, New York City. 
R. W. Bermingham, New York City 
S. K. Schwenk, New York City. 
Charles Just, New York City. 
W. J. Barry, Brooklyn. 
John Parsons, New York City. 
J. W. England, New York City. 
E. H. Slocum, New York City. 
A. J. Gilman, New York City. 
J. R. Silliman, New York City. 
Theo. Weberg, Unionport. 
,S. G. Cook, New York City. 
M. J. Cantwell, Yonkers. 

D. W. Crumb, So. Otselic. 
Patrick Hayes, Brooklyn. 
N. C. Fulton, Rochester. 
Robert Morgan, Rochester. 
Isaac E. Pye, Nyack. 

A. E. Yates, Schenectady. 
Nelson Mattice, Binghamton. 



ALTERNATES 

C. C. Spaulding, Elmira. 

E. B. Black, Whitney's Point. 

E. B. Billington, Brockton. 

E. Hockstra, Rochester. 

Geo. A. Drew, New York City. 

J. Flaherty, New York City. 

J . Humphreys, New York City. 

Thos. Purcell, Gloversville. 

Jerry Keck, Johnstown. 

Charles Scharff, Canajoharie. 

Wm. G. Caw, Schenectady. 

Jas. R. Gibbs, Saratoga Springs. 

J. S. Fassatt, Saratoga Springs. 

John Dwyer, Sandy Hill. 

W. E. Kimball, Adams. 

Chas. McNaughton, SchuylerviUe. 

A. A. Gardner, Broadalbin. 

Geo. H. Taft, Waterville. 

Geo. Tremper, Rhinebeck. 

Joseph Hepworth, New York Mills. 

A. D. Daily, Brockport. 

H. M. Mould,' Keeseville. 

Richard Jones, Holland Patent. 

Timothy Dacey, Little Falls. 

W. H. Deyle, Ilion. 

Willard Lawton, Cambridge. 

Wm. Havens, Whitehall. 

Frank Gilday, Morristown 

W. B. Tallman, Perry. 

M. N. Dickenson, Warrensburgh. 

I. H. Chatfield, Rochester. 

Christ. Diehl, New York City. 

C. M. Woolsey, Milton. 

S. Hamburger, New York City. 

A. B. Ostrander, New York City. 

W. V. G. Riblet, New York City. 

Robert McGuire, New York City. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tjames B. McKean, 1866-67. 
Daniel E. Sickles, New York, 1868 



t Deceased 



fGeorge H. Treadwell, 1887. 
N. Martin Curtis, Ogdensburg, 1888. 
Harrison Clark, Albany, 1889. 



36 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS 



fEdward B. Lansing, 1869. 
tjohn C. Robinson, 1870. 
fHenry A. Barnum, 1871-72. 
tStephen P. Corliss, 1873-74. 
tJohn Palmer, 1875. 

James Tanner, Washington, D.C., 
1876-77 
t William F. Rogers, 1878. 
tjames McQuade, 1879. 
tL. Coe Young, 1880. 

Abram Merritt, 1881. 

James S. Eraser, Bronx, New York 
""^ 1882. 

John A. Reynolds, Rochester, 1883 
tira M. Hedges, 1884. 
t Joseph I. Sayles, 1886. 



fFloyd Clarkson, 1890. 

Charles H. Freeman, Corning, 1891. 
tTheodore L. Pool, 1892. 
t Joseph P. Cleary, 1893. 

John C. Shotts, Yonkers, 1894. 

Edward J. Atkinson, New York 

1895. 

James S. Graham, Rochester, 1896. 
fAlbert D. Shaw, 1897. 
tAnson S. Wood, 1898. 

Joseph W. Kay, Brooklyn, 1899. 

Nathan P. Pond, Rochester, 1900. 

Charles A. Orr, Buffalo, 1901. 

Allan C. Bakewell, New York, I9O2. 

John S. Koster, Port Leyden, 1903. 

Henry N. Burhans, Syracuse, 1904. 

James M. Snyder, Troy, 1905 



NORTH DAKOTA. (43.) 
[Organized April 23, 1890. Number of Members Dec. 31, 1905, 404.] 

Department Commander B. F. Bigelow Jamestown 

Senior Vice Department Commander. . .W. O. Ward Bismark 

Junior Vice Department Commander. . .Henry Beal Valley City 

Assistant Adjutant General H. J. Rowe Casselton 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

L. Delameter, (at large,) Erie. H. V. Hicks, (at large,) Oakes. 

E. E. Heegaard, Mandan. Robert Kee, Sanborn. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

fHarrison Allen, 1888. E. C. Geary, Fargo, 1897. 

George B. Winship, Grand Forks fEdwin Southard, 1898. 

1890. t William Ackerman, 1899. 
William A. Bentley, Bismarck, fFreeman Orcutt, 1900. 

1891. D. G. Duell, Devils Lake, 1901. 

S. G. Roberts, Fargo, 1892. John C. Gipson, Temple, Okla., 
John D. Black, Valley City, 1893. 1902. 
J. M. O'Neal, Grand Forks, 1894. H. J. Rowe, Casselton, 1903. 
A. P. Rounseville, Larimore, 1895. Daniel F. Siegfried, Sanborn, 1904. 
William H. Brown, Grand Forks, Joseph Hare, Bismarck, 1905. 
1896. 

f Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



37 



OHIO. (4.) 

[Organized Jan. 30, 1867. Number op Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 22,920. 

Department Commander Geo. A. Harmon Lancaster 

Senior Vice Department Commander . T. C. Lindsey Dayton 

Junior Vice Department Commander. John Kissane Cincinnati 

Assistant Adjutant General H. I. Blaire Lancaster 

REPRESENTATIVES. AI^TERNATES. 



J. S. Kimbrough, (at large,) Wil- 
mington 

D. J. iNIullaney, Cincinnati. 
John G. Cohen, Cincinnati. 

E. R. Grim, Morrow. 

D. A. Lamb, Wilmington. 
J. N. Medford, Ft. Recovery 
John C. Kiefaber, Dayton. 

B. H. Milliken, Washington, C. H. 
Elias Moore, Chillicothe. 

D. P. Pratt, Portsmouth. 

C. A. Cable, Nelsonville. 
Joseph Shaw, Zanesville. 
W. H. Cline, Norwalk. 

W. T. Patterson, Bellefontaine. 
W. H. Alexander, Troy. 
J. A. Brotherton, Delphos. 
W. H. Newcomber, Bryan. 
Sol Zarbaugh, Holgate. 
Guy C. Nearing Bowling Green. 
Elijah Neible, Fostoria. 
S. G. Harvey, Toledo. 

D. K. Blystone, Bladensburg. 
J. K. P. Ferrell, Uhrichsville. 
A. A. Taylor, Cambridge. 

W. F. Dawson, East Liverpool. 
M. J. Sloan, Warren. 
Frank Clapsaddle, Marlboro. 
H. P. Chapman, Elyria. 
James C. Kroesen, Columbus. 
Alexander Gibbs, Medina. 
Frank A. Kelley, Cleveland. 
Philo S, Beakle, Cleveland. 
Albert Henry, Ashtabola. 



S. A. Holaday, (at large,) Wilming- 
ton. 
Francis Bickett, Cincinnati. 
Fred RuUkoetter, Cincinnati. 
Joseph Myers, Hamilton. 
S. F. Walker, Georgetown. 
Henry Adler, Eaton. 
S. Kyle Stephens, Nat. Mil. Home. 
Allison Grim, Mt. Sterling. 
O. B. Brant, Carrol. 
J. G. Stockham, Scioto P. O. 
L. J. Cutter, Marietta. 
Lewis Sulsberger, Woodsfield. 
John McCowen, O. S. & S. Home. 
Presley Shaw, Bellefontaine. 
John E. Davis, Mechanicsburg. 
Baxter Trevor, Lima. 
Levi Hoy, Wauseon. 
Eli Dukes, Findlay. 
W. S. Miller, Elmore. 

F. R. Stewart, Fostoria. 
Wm. Corlett, Toledo. 
George Pfeiffer, Mansfield. 
Chas. P. Henry, Coshocton. 

G. S. Wellens, Barnesville. 
John Pearce, Steubenville. 

J. R. Johnston, Youngstown. 
Henry S. Moses, Canton. 
Albert Bates, Elyria. 
Geo. W. Bigelow, Groveport. 
G. W. Meachment, Kent. 
William Gressmuck, Cleveland. 
J. C. Rowland, Cleveland. 
W. W. Forshey, Montville. 



3g FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

fB. F. Potts, 1866. S. H. Hurst, Chillicothe, 1889. 

tThoraas L. Young, 1867. P- H. Dowling, Toledo, 1890. 

J. W. Keifer, Springfield, 1868-70. A. M. Warner, Cincinnati. 1891. 

tWilliam C. Bunts, 1871-72. Isaac F. Mack, Sandusky, 1892. 

tG. M. Barber, 1873-74. . L. H. Williams, Ripley, 1893. 

tAlvin C. Voris, 1875. E. E. Nutt, Sidney, 1894. 

fWilliam Earnshaw, 1876-77. fCharles Townsend, 1895. 

Nathan L. Guthrie, Conneaut, 1878 E. L. Lybarger, Spring Mountain, 
tjames H. Seymour, 1878. 1896. 

tjames H. Steedman, 1879. fHenry Kissinger, 1897. 

tDavid W. Thomas, 1880. David F. Pugh, Columbus, 1898. 

John S. Kountz, Toledo, 1881. Thomas R. Shinn, Ashland, 1899. 

Charles T. Clark, Columbus, 1882-83. Elias R. Monfort, Cincinnati, 1900. 

H. P. Lloyd, Cincinnati, 1884. Emmet F. Taggart, Akron, 1901. 

R. B. Brown, Zanesville, 1885. Walton Weber, Columbus, 1902. 

t Arthur L. Conger, 1886. Arthur C. Yengling, Salem, 1903. 

fD. C. Putnam. 1887. B. M. Mouiton, Li^ua. 1904. 

J. W.^O'Neil, Lebanon, 1888. Amos Huffman, Wilmington, 1905. 

OKLAHOMA. (44.) 
[Organized August 7, 1890. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 1,763.] 

Department Commander Peter A. Becker Jefferson 

Senior Vice Department Commander Wm. H. Hornaday Lawton 

Junior Vice Department Commander. J. M. Phillips Oklahoma City 

Assistant Adjutant General W. E. Bartlett Jefferson 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

P. C. Hughes, (at large,) Elk City. E. H. Furrow, (at tlarge,) Guthrie. 
J. G. Unger, Enid. J. Lake, El Reno. 

H. Veatch, Pawnee. J. M. Hay, Medford. 

S. W. Beavis, Alva. J. H. Tait, Guthrie. 

R. A. Timmons, Shawnee. Jacob Peiburn, Lamont. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

C. M. Barnes, Guthrie, 1890. G. D. Munger, Oklahoma City, 1898 

tG. M. Coulton, 1891. fj- J- S. Hassler, 1899. 

ID. F. Wyatt, 1892. I. W. Rush, Stroud, 1899. 

T. H. Soward, Guthrie, 1893. M. L. Mock, Guthrie, 1900. 

J. P. Cummings, Kingfisher, 1894. James E. Burns, Kingfisher, 1901 

tH. G. Trosper, Tulsa, Ind. Ter., Wesley Taylor, Perry, 1902. 

1895. Cyrus P. Green, Alva, 1903. 

VV. H. Cater, Guthrie, 1896. S. P. Strahan, Perry, 1904. 

tC. R. Young , Meridian, 1897. G. M. Parks, Enid, 1905. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



39 



OREGON. (26.) 

[Organized Sept. 28, 1 882. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 1,817.] 

Department Commander Homer SutclifFe Portland 

Senior Vice Department Commander. John Patrick Grants Pass 

Junior Vice Department Commander. S. W. McReynolds .Cottage Grove 
Assistant Adjutant General R. V. Pratt Portland 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Wm. Baker, (at large,) Athena. J. H. Will, (at large,) Ashland. 

S. A. Skinner, Hood River. J. E. Peterson, Grants Pass. 

E. F. Chapman, Eugene. J. S. Foss, Portland. 

H. S. Allen, Portland. G. St. Clair Sepur, Portland. 

A. C. Edmunds, East Portland. R. Waggoner, Hillsboro. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tN. S. Pierce, 1882. tE. W. Allen, 1895. 

G. E. Caukin, Portland, 1883. D. C. Sherman, Washington, D.C., 

IF. J. Babcock, 1884. 1896. 

F. H. Lamb, San Francisco, Cal., Frank Reisner, Eugene, 1897. 

1885-86. C. P. Halloway, Portland, 1898. 

M. L. Olmstead, Baker City, 1887. H. V. Gates, Hillsboro, 1899. 

A. E. Borthwick, Portland, 1888. A. J. Goodbrod, Union, 1900. 

tE. B. McElroy, 1889. J. A. Sladden, Portland, 1901. 

t James A. Varney, 1890. M. L. Pratt, Portland, 1902. 

O. Summers, Portlan-., 1891. D. H. Turner, Newburg, 1903. 

H. H. Northrup, Portland, 1892. B. F. Pike, Moro, 1904. 

J. C. Cooper, McMinnville, 1893. T. E. Hills, Ashland, 1905. 

S. B.[Ormsby, Salem, 1894. 



PENNSYLVANIA. (3.) 

IOrganized Jan. 16, 1867. Numbrr of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 23,921.] 

Department Commander M. A. Gherst Reading 

Senior Vice Department Commander . George W. Merrick Wellsboro 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Joseph E. Clark. .East Bethlehem 

Assistant Adjutant General Charles A. Suydam. . .Philadelphia 

REPRESENTATIVES. . ALTERNATES. 



O. A. Parsons, (at large,) Wilkes- 
barre. 
W. R. Francisco, Easton. , 
Wallace M. Hoffner, Philadelphia. 
R. H. Holgate, La Plume. 



John Cooper, (at large,) German- 
town, Philadelphia 
W. E. Long, Pittsburgh. 
E. R. Ringold, Chester. 
John S. Hunter, Etna. 



f Deceased 



40 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES 
J. Y. Chessrown, Pittsburgh. 
William Stiles, Philadelphia. 
Walter S. Burnwood, Phila. 
P. DeLacey, Scranton. 
Hugh R. Fulton, Lancaster. 
Thomas J. Hamilton, Pittsburgh 
J. L. Adams, Bradford. 
A. C. Koser, Mechanicsburg. 
G. W. Robinson, Tionesta. 
J. I. Shoemaker, Wyoming. 
E. P. Gould, Erie. 
J. R. Dodds, Franklin. 
Charles W. Chew, Philadelphia 
John Ango, Allegheny. 
A. J. Hertzler, Philadelphia. 
John H. Horrocks, Johnstown. 
J. M. Marshall, Indiana. 
A. I. Ackerly, W'averly. 
Michael Bucher, Hanover. 
A. W. Schalck, Pottsville. 
Denison W. Tripp, Athens. 
John Kirk, New Cumberland. 
W. B. Kroesen, Etna. 
Edward Barry, Punxsutawney 
Robert D. McKee, Pittsburgh. 
Louis Engle, Philadelphia. 
Edward Glass, Norristown. 
Charles D. Harris, Norwood. 
Orlando Keen, AUentown. 
W. L. Murdough, Braddock. 
W. W. Renkin, Allegheny. 
J. M. Shope, West Chester. 
William R. Wooters, Philadelphia. 
William C. Besselievre, Phila. 
Remi Boerner, Philadelphia. 
Richard J. Baxter, Philadelphia. 
George W. Pifer, Du Bois. 
Levi Oberton, Philadelphia. 
George A. Minnich, Chambersburg. 
R. F. Wray, Apollo. 
Jonas M. Cook, Somerset. 
Michael Conlow, (Manayunk,) Philt 
Alfred Dressier, Milton. 
Jacob J. Eberhardt, Philadelphia. 
J. P. J. Young, Pittsburgh. 



ALTERNATES 
Oliver Keiser, Norristown. 
W. J. Giles, McKeesport. 
Abraham Briel, Reading. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



41 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



Louis Wagner, Phila., 1866-67. 
fA. L. Pearson, 1868. 

O. C. Bosbyshell, Phila., 1869. 
fHoward J. Reader, 1871. 

Frank Reeder, Easton, 1872. 

Robert B. Beath, Phila., 1873. 
fA. Wilson Norris, 1874. 

W. W. Tyson, Erie, 1875. 

James W. Latta, Phila., 1876. 
fSamuel I. Givin, 1877. 

Charles T. Hull, Athens, 1878. 

George L. Brown, Minersville, 

1879. 
tChill W. Hazzard, 1880. 
tjohn Taylor, 1881. 

John M. Vanderslice, Phila., 1882. 
fE. S. Osborne, 1883. 

Frank H. Dyer, Detroit, Mich., 

1884. 

Austin Curtin Roland, 1885. 

J. P. S. Gobin, Lebanon, 1886. 



tSamuel Harper, 1887. 
fFrank J. Magee, 1888. 

Thomas J. Stewart, Norristown, 

1889. 
tjoseph F. Denniston, 1890. 
jGeorge G. Boyer, 1891. 

John P. Taylor, Reedsville, 1892. 
fThomasG. Sample, 1893 

William Ensley, Philadelphia, 1894. 

H. H. Cumings, Tidioute, 1895. 
t Alfred Darte, 1896. 

William D. Stauffer, Lancaster, 1897 

William T- Patterson, Pittsburgh, 

1898. 

James F. Morrison, Phila., 1899. 

Charles Miller, Franklin, 1900. 

Levi G. McCauley, West Chester, 

1901. 

R. P. Scott, Butler, 1902. 
tEdwin Walton, 1903. 

John McNevin, Altoona, 1904. 

J. Andrew Wilt, Towanda, 1905. 



POTOMAC. (14.) 
[Organized Feb. 13, 1869. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905 2,268.] 

Department Commander Benjamin P. Entrikin, Washington. 

D. C. 
Senior Vice Department Commander . Thos. H. Martin .Washington, D. C. 
Junior Vice Department Commander. Benjamin F. Graham, Washington. 

D. C. 
Assistant Adjutant General Edward Webster, Washington, D. C 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

W. W. Brown, (at large,) Washing- 
ton, D. C. 
E. C. Dougherty, Washington, D. C. 
Geo. H. French, Washington, D. C 
Robert E. Grant, Washington, D.C 
R. D. Goodman, Washington, D.C. 
William W. Chambers, Washing- 
ton, D. C. 



ALTERNATES. 

A. M. Daniels, (at large,) Wash- 
ington, D. C. 
L. H. Patterson, Washington, D'C, 
J. Tyler Powell, Washington, D. C. 
W. H. Peck, Washington, D. C. 
C. M. Robinson, Washington, D. C. 
Alexander Freeman, Washington, 

D.C. 



•j- Deceased 



42 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tSamuel A. Duncan, 1869. 
tTimothy Luby, 1870-72. 
Frank H. Sprague, Washington, 

187.3-74. 
tB. F. Hawkes, 1876. 
A. H. G. Richardson, Washington, 
1877. 
George E. Corson, Washington, 

1878. 
Harrison Dingman, Washington, 

1879. 
Charles C. Royce, Chico, Cal., 1880 
fWilUam Gibson, 1881. 
Samuel S. Burdett, Washington, 

1882-83 
D. S. Alexander, Buffalo, N.Y., 

1884. 
Newton M. Brooks, Washington, 

1885. 
Jerome B. Burke, Washington, 

1886-87. 

Charles P. Lincoln, El Reno, Okla. 

1888. 



William S. Odell, Washington, 1889. 
M. Emmett Urell, Washington, 1890 
J. M. Pipes, Washington, 1891. 
A. F. Din^more, Washington, 1892. 
S. E. Faunce, Washington, 1893. 
Nathan Bickford, Washington, 1894 
fMarion T. Anderson, 1895. 
John McElroy, Washington, 1896. 
Thomas S. Hopkins, W^ashington, 

1897. 
Arthur Hendricks, Kensington, Md 

1898. 
Calvin Farnsvvorth, Washington, 

1899. 
George H. Slaybaugh, Washington 

1900. 
Israel W. Stone, Washington, 1901. 
Benjamin F. Bingham, Washington 

1902 
I. G. Kimball, Washington, 1903. 
Abraham Hart, Washington, 1904. 
A. P. Tasker, Washington, 1905. 



RHODE IvSLAND. (11.) 

[Organized March 24, 1868. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 
1,468.] 

Department Commander George L. Greene . . . Providence 

Senior Vice Department Commander. Walter A. Scott Providence. 

Junior Vice Department Commander. John T. Kenyon 

Assistant Adjutant General Philip S. Chase Providence 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

Charles E. Harvey, (at large,) George H. Pettis, (at large,) Prov- 

Newport. idence. 

Lewis Holley, Providence. Sam. C. Waldron, East Providence. 

Geo. H. Spanlding, Central Falls. James H. Eastman, Howard. 

Stephen J. W est, Providence. George L. Smith, Nayatt Point. 

t Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



43 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fAmbrose E. Burnside, 1868. 
fHoratio Rogers, 1869.. 

Charles R. Brayton, Providence, 
1870-71. 

Elisha H. Rhodes, Providence, 

1872-73. 
tEdwin Metcalf, 1874. 
tEdwin C. Pomroy, 187.5. 

Charles H. Williams, Providence, 

1876. 

Henry J. Spooner, Providence, 1877 

Fred A. Arnold, Providence, 1878. 
fHenry R. Barker, 1879. 

Charles C. Gray, Providence, 1880 
tWilUam H. P. Steere, 1881. 
fHenry F. Jenks, 1882. 

Philip S. Chase, Providence, 1883. 

Andrew K. McMahon, Newport, 
1884. 

Eugene A. Cory, New York, 1885. 
fTheodoreA. Barton, 1886. 

Benjamin L. Hall, Bristol, 1887. 



Gideon Spencer, Providence, 1888. 
tAlonzo WilHams, 1889. 

Benjamin F. Davis, Washington, 
D. C, 1890. 
fBenjamin H. Child, 1891. 

David S. Ray, E. Providence, 1892. 
fGeorge T. Cranston, 1893. 

Charles H. Baker, Bristol, 1894. 

Daniel R. Ballou, Providence, 189.5. 

William E. Stone, Providence, 1896. 

Livingston Scott, Woonsocket, 

1897. 

Samuel W. K. Allen, East Green- 
wich, 1898. 

Charles O. Ballou, Providence, 1899 

Walter A. Read, Providence, 1900. 

Charles P. Moies, Central Falls, 1901 

Geo. H. Chenery, Providence, 1902. 

Jas. S. Hudson, Providence, 1903. 
tj. J. WooUey, 1904. 

Ezra K. Parker, Providence, 1905. 



SOUTH DAKOTA. (20.) 
[Organized March 20, 1883. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 1,642. 

Department Commander N. I. Lowthian Milbank 

Senior Vice Department Commander . F. A. Fassett Hot Springs 

Junior Vice Department Commander W. R. Stowe Brookings 

Assistant Adjutant General Thos. Fitch Milbank 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 

John Morse, (at large,) Hitchcock. Henry Webster, (at large,) Mitchell 
A. B. Nelson, Pierre. Geo. A. Ludlow, Sioux Falls. 

Michael Smith, Carthage. W. A. North, Watertown. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

fThomas S. Free, 1883-85. George A. Silsby, Mitchell, 1889. 

W. V. Lucas, Santa Cruz, Cal., E. T. Langley, Santa Anna, Cal., 

1885-87. 1890. 

S. V. Hammond, Cincinnati, Ohio, C. S. Palmer, Burlington, Vt. 1891 

1888. tJ- B. Hoit, 1892. 

f Deceased 



44 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS 



tN. C. Nash, 1893. 

George W. Carpenter, Watertown, 
1894. 

fS. R. Drake, 1895. 
tjohn Ackley, 1896. 

John F. Baker, Hermosa, 1896. 

C. B. Clark, Deadwood, 1897. 

E. P. Parr, Pierre, 1898. 



W. L. Palmer, Carthage, 1899. 
Philip Lawrence, Huron, 1900. 
George W. Snow, Springfield, 1901. 
T. E. Blanchard, Santa Cruz, 1902. 
Thomas Reed, Arlington, 1903. 
H. P. Packard, Redfield, 1904. 
J. B. Wolgemuth, Mitchell, 1905. 



TENNESSEE. (34.) 

[Organized Feb. 26, 1884. Number of Memb rs, Dec. 31, 1905, 1,216. 

Department Commander John T. Wilder Knoxville 

Senior Vice Department Commander. Thomas H. Hill Sequachee 

Junior Vice Department Commander. J. \V. Vernon Memphis 

Assistant Adjutant General Ben. A. Hamilton .... Knoxville 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frank Weise, (at large,) Nashville. 
Joel I. Pyott, Athens. 
Theodore F. Brown, Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 



ALTERNATES. 

C. F. Boyer, (at large,) Newport. 
Wm. B. Thompson, Chattanooga. 

D. W. Payne, vSevierville. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tEdward S. Jones, 1884-85. 

E. E. Winters, Montgomery, Ala., 
1886. 

William J. Ramage, Knoxville, 1887 

William Rule, Knoxville, 1888. 

A. H. Pettibone, Knoxville, 1889. 

Charles F. Muller, Paris, France, 
1890. 

A. J. Gahagan, Chattanooga, 1891 
tH. C. Whitaker, 1892. 

Frank Seaman, Knoxville, 1893. 

W. E. F. Milburn, Nat. Soldiers 

Home, 1884. 

t Deceased 



William J. Smith, Memphis, 1895. 
Halbert B. Case, Chattanooga. 

1896-97. 
W. H. Nelson, Backwoods, 1898. 
H. Crumbliss, Kingston, 1899. 
S. T. Harris, Dandrigde, 1900. 
M. M. Harris, Knoxville, 1901. 
George W. Patten, Chattanooga, 

1902-1903 
B. A. Hamilton, Knoxville, 1904. 
Walton W. French, Chattanooga, 

1905. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



45 



TEXAS. (38.) 
[Organized March 25, 1885. Number of Members, Dec. .31, 190.5, 464.] 

Department Commander Wm. H. Harvey Belton 

Senior Vice Department Commander . W. F. Cottman Dallas 

Junior Vice Department Commander. H. L. Brooks San Antonio 

Assistant Adjutant General J. S. Dunlap Dallas 



RKPRESENTATIVES. 

C. A. Cahoon, (at large,) Temple. 
W. A. Stoner, Waco. 



ALTERNATES. 

G. A. Jones, (at large,) Georgetown 
M. B. Young, Weatherford. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fW. D. Wylie, 1885. 

O. T. Lyon, Sherman, 1886. 
tW. H. Sinclair, 1887. 
tJ. C. DeGress, 1888. 

A. G. Malloy, El Paso, 1889. 
tA. K. Taylor, 1890. 

M. W. Mann, Dallas, 1891. 
to. G. Peterson, 1892. 

John W. Parks, Dallas, 189.3. 

R. M. Moore, San Antonio, 1894. 

W. W. Bostwick, Longmont, Col., 
1895. 



G \V. McCormick, Long Island, N.Y 

1896. 

Ed. N. Ketchum, Galveston, 1897. 

W. F. Conner, Dallas, 1898. 
tjohn Roach, 1899. 

"tCharles B. Peck, 1900. 

P. B. Hunt, Dallas, 1901. 
jC. C. Haskell, 1902. 

John H. Bolton, San Antonio, 1903. 

John L. Boyd, Dallas, 1904. 

Elmore A. Russell, Paris, 1905. 



UTAH. (22.) 
[Organized Oct. 8, 1883. Numbrr of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 268.] 

Department Commander B. M. Sperry Salt Lake City 

Senior Vice Department Commander. N. D. Corser Salt Lake City 

Junior Vice Department Commander .J. S. Boreman Ogden 

Assistant Adjutant General R. G. Sleater Salt Lake City 



REPRESENTATIVE. 



ALTERNATE. 



C. W. A. Schnell, (at large,) Salt E. W Tatlock, (at large,) Farming- 

Lake City. ton. 



t Deceased 



46 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fGeorge C. Douglass, 1883. 
fRansford Smith, 1884. 

Henry C. Wardleigh, Ogden, 1885. 
tElijah Sells, 188G. 
tEli H. Murray, 1887. 
tXathan Kimball, 1888. 

Henry T. Snyder, Ogden, 1889. 

Henry Page, Salt Lake, 1890. 
t James R. Elliott, 1892. 
J W. Greenman, Peele, 1893. 
Thomas C. IHff, Denver, Col., 1894. 



Charles O. Farnsworth, Salt Lake. 

1895. 
M. M. Kellogg, Provo, 1896. 
fThomas C. Bailey, 1897. 
Norman H. Ives, Ogden, 1898. 
Maurice M. Kaighn, Salt Lake, 1899 
Marshall A. Breeden, Salt Lake, 

1900. 
Rudolph Alff, Salt Lake, 1901. 
William M. Bostaph, Ogden, 1902. 
Frank H. Clark, Salt Lake, 1903. 
Henry P. Burns, Salt Lake, 1904. 
E. T. Hulaniski, Ogden, 1905. 



VERMONT. (13.) 
[Organized Oct. 23, 1868. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 2,872.] 

Department Commander John A. Sheldon .... , Rutland 

Senior Vice Department Commander . W. H. Fhnt Brandon 

Junior Vice Department Commander. Lorenzo W. Bush Newfane 

Assistant Adjutant General Henry W. Spafford Rutland 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. " 

Milo Lyman, (at large,) Rutland. Hiram B. Wedge, (at large,) Mont- 
L. B. Parker, Richford. pelier. 

H. J. Vancer, Burhngton. George F. Morse, Burlington. 

Walter W. Martin, Middlebury. Orman Prescott, Brattleboro. 

O. E. Adams, Arlington. O. B. Cutting, West Concord. 

S. G. Collison, Lyndonville. Osman Dwyer, Island Pond. 

O. C. Wilder, Waitsfield. Mark J. Sargent, So. Royalton. 

George Reynolds, Bennington. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

fGeorge P. Foster, 1868-69. Z. M. Mansur, Newport, 1890. 

William W. Henry, Quebec, Can- D. L. Morgan, Rutland, 1891. 

ada, 1870-71 Hugh Henry, Concord, N.H. , 1892. 

■\\\'. G. Veazey, 1872-73. George W. Doty, Morrisville, 1893. 

tStephen Thomas, 1874-75. C. F. Branch, Amherst, Mass., 1894. 

Theo. S. Peck, Burlington, 1876-77 B. Cannon, Jr., Bellows Falls, 1895. 

J. H. Goulding, Wilmington, 1878- N. M. Puffer, Bennington, 1896. 

79. tE. W. Jewett, 1897. 

fGeorge W. H ooker, 1880-81. E. B. Harris, Lyndonville, 1898. 

f Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBUC 



47 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS 



fA. B. Valentine, 1882-83. 
tC. C. Kinsman, 1884. 
tWilliam L. Greenleaf, 1885. 

George T. Childs, St. Albans, 1886 
fP. D. Blodgett, 1887. 

H. E. Taylor, Brattleboro, 1888. 

A, S. Tracy, North Troy, 1889. 



F. G. Butterfield, Derby Line, 1899. 
U. A. Woodbury, Burlington, 1900. 
Joel H. Lucia, Montpelier, 1901. 
R. E. Hathorn, Ludlow, 1902. 
Frank Kenfield, Morrisville, 1903. 
James E. Eldridge, Randolph, 1904. 
Seymour H. Wood, St. Albans, 1905 



VIRGINIA AND NORTH CAROLINA. (15.) 

[Organized July 27, 1871. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 679.] 

Department Commander D. R. Wilson Richmond, Va. 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Robert Dorsey, Nat. Sol. Home,Va 

Junior Vice Department Commander. P. H. Fitchett Eastville, Va 

Assistant Adjutant General A. A. Hager, Nat. Sol, Home, Va. 

REPRESENTATIVES. ALTERNATES. 



James E. Fuller, (at large,) Nor- 
folk, Va. 
Lewis Dawley, Norfolk, Va. 



Peter Adams, (at large,) Nat. Sol- 
diers Home, Va. 
John C. Fowler, East Richmond, Va 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



fWilliam N. Eaton, 1874. 
tWilliam H. Appenzeller, 1875-76. 
William Ryder, Portsmouth, Va., 
1877. 
fR. G. Staples, 1878. 
Richard Bond, Fort McPherson, 

Ga., 1879. 
A. B. Hurlburt, Nat. Soldiers' 

Home, Va., 1880. 
fW. Hervey King, 1881. 
tP. T. Woodfin, 1882-83. 
tB. C. Cook, 1884. 
tH. DeB. Clay, 1885-86. 
John W. Woodman, Portsmouth, 
Va . 1887-88. 
tR. P. Wheeler, 1889. 
N. J. Smith, Richmond, Va., 1890. 



•j- Deceased 



H. B. Nichols, Norfolk, Va., 1891. 
tEdgar Allan, 1892. 
fT. T. Whitcomb, 1893. 
t Joseph G. Fulton, 1894. 
James E. Porter, Pittsburgh, Pa. 

1895. 
H. \\\ Weiss, Emporia, Va., 1896. 
John W. Stebbins, Norfolk, Va., 

1897. 
James M. Davis, Linesville, Pa., 

1898. 
John W. Rutter, Portsmouth, Va., 

1899. 

A. B. Heistand, Norfolk, Va., 1900. 

Peter Morton, Nat. Soldiers Home, 

Va., 1901. 

tC; D. Grew, 1902. 

fM. H. Haas, 1903. 

John C. Fowler, East Richmond, 

Va., 1904. 

Isaac Powell, Newberne, N. C, 1905 



48 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

WASHINGTON AND ALAvSKA. (30.) 

[Organ zed June 20, 1883. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 2,907.] 

Department Commander C. B. Dunning Spokane 

Senior Vice Department Commander A. W. Hastie Seattle 

Junior Vice Department Commander. H. C. Thompson Pomeroy 

Assistant Adjutant General W. H. Wiscombe Spokane 

REPRESENTATIVES. " ALTERNATES. 

F. H. Hurd, (at large,) Seattle.. R. H. Ball, (at large,) La Conner. 

Joseph Dickerson, Seattle. Joseph Paul, Walla Walla. 

U. S. Harmon, Walla Walla. Crocker, Green Lake Station, 

W. A. Lord, Everett. . Seattle, 

J. H. Cofltman, Tacoma W. S. Chenoweth, Waitsburg. 

J. A. Green, Chelan. J. C. Case, Garfield. 

R. AV. Williams, Mt. Vernon. J. M. Junett, South Tacoma. 

G. O. Bump, Spokane. 

PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 

tGeorge D. Hill, 1883. fj- N. Scott, 1894. 

fH. A. Morrow, 1884. Norman Buck, Spokane, 1895. 

A. M. Brooks, Seattle, 1885. C. T. Patterson, South Tacoma,1896 

fC. M. Holton, 1886. John F. McLean, Walla Walla, 1897 

tA. P. Curry, 1887. George W. Tibbitts, Seattle, 1898. 

tJ. W. Sprague, 1888. J. W. Langley, Seattle, 1899. 

S. G. Cosgrove, Pomeroy, 1889. B. R. Freeman, Spokane, 1900. 

M. M. Holmes, Seattle, 1890. H. A. Bigelow, Seattle, 1901. 

D. G. Lovell, Tacoma, 1891. fB. C. Bedell, 1902. 

J. S. Brown, South Bend, Wash- Thomas H. Cavanaugh, Olympia, 

ington, 1892. 1903. 

tJoseph F. Sinclair, 1893. Frank M. Davis, Seattle, 1904. 

J. T. Goss, Vancouver, 1905. 

WEST VIRGINIA. (28.) 



[Organized April 9, 1868. Reorganized February 20, 1883.] 
[Number of Members, December 31, 1905, 1,172.] 



Department Commander Thomas M. Mills., New Martinsville 

Senior Vice Department Commander . I. M. Adams Ravenswood 

Junior Vice Department Commander. James S. Watson .... Morgantown 
Assistant Adjutant Geenral F. C. Harvey ^^-— "^ -• 



Morgantown 
New Martinsville 



•j- Deceased 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



49 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

D. Mayer, (at large,) Charleston. 
Martin Traugh, Parkersburg. 
William Kirk, Parkersburg. 



ALTERNATES. 

W. S. King,( at large,) Belleville, 
Silas Henderson, Wick. 
James Piggott, Parkersburg. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



tW. H' H. Flick, 1883. 
tC. B. Smith, 1884. 
tjohn Carlin, 1885. 

G. W. Taggart, Parkersburg, 1886. 
fLee Haymond, 1887. 

R. E. Fleming, Fairmont, 1888. 

S. S. Hazen, Parkersburg, 1889. 
fGeorge J. Walker, 1890. 
tl. H. Duval, 1891. 

Charles E. Anderson, Weston, 1892 

Anthony Smith, Wick, 1893. 

F. H. Crago, Wheeling, 1894. 
tR. H. Lee, 1895. 



R. H. Freer, Harrisville, 1896. 
Thomas A. Maulsby, Fairmont, 

1897. 
Richard Robertson, Wheeling, 1898 
Charles A. LaValley, Huntington, 

1899. 
Arnold Brandley, Elkins, 1900. 
fM. B. Bartlett, 1901. 
C. C. Matthews, Moundsville, 1902 
Alexander C. Moore, Clarksburg, 

1903. 
O. H. Michaelson, Charleston, 1904. 
J. W. Shroyer, Fairmont, 1905. 



WISCONSIN. (2.) 

[Organized June 7, 1866. Number of Members, Dec. 31, 1905, 7,937.] 

Department Commander John W. Ganes Fox Lake 

Senior Vice Department Commander . Janson K. Wright .... Marinette 

Junior Vice Department Commander. L. A. Brace Eau Claire 

Assistant Adjutant General C. A. Pettibone Waupun 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Louis Sholes, (at large,) Milwau- 
kee. 
Joseph L. Bear, Janesville. 
H. C. Putnam, Brodhead. 
C. E. Estabrook, Milwaukee. 
R. E. Osborne, La Crosse. 
Robert Inglis, Bayfield. 
F. R. Garlock, Racine. 
E. W. Keyes, Madison. 
George E. Budd, Lancaster. 
Oscar H. Pierce, Milwaukee. 



ALTERNATES. 

W. H. Bennett, (at large,) Mineral 

Point. 
E. Enos, Racine. 
J. R. Martin, Dodgeville. 
Anthony C. Evans, Milwaukee. 
W. H. Blyton, Sparta. 
John Banderob, Oshkosh. 
Corydon L. Clark, Milton. 
W. M. Small, Madison. 
C. H. Davis, Baraboo. 
M. C. Welton, Milwaukee. 



t Deceased 



50 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPRESENTATIVES. 

Adam Hazelwood, Oconomowec. 
George W. Spratt, Sheboygan. 
John Ashton, Alma Center.ii 
S. A. Cook, Neenah. 
Edward Scofield, Oconto. 
J. C. Van Marter, Florence. ii 
Luther Spalding, River Falls, i 



ALTERNATES. 

M. L. Snyder, AVaukeska. 

L. D. Hinckley, Waupun. 

J. M. Botsford, Eau Claire. 

J. W. Eyans, Waupaca. 

J. M. Whitley, De Pere. 

D. M. Mason, Wausau. 

John H. De Graw, Brantsburg. 



PAST DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS. 



James K. Proudfit, Kansas City/ 

Kan., 1866 
tH. A. Starr, 1867. 
tj. M. Rusk, 1868. 

T. S. Allen, Oshkosh, 1869-70. 
tEdward Ferguson, Milwaukee, 

1871-72. 
tA. J. McCoy, 1873. 
G. A. Hannaford, Chicago, 111., 

1874-75 

tjohn Hancock, 1876. 

Henry G. Rogers, Milwaukee, 1877 

S. F. Hammond, Columbus, Ohio, 

1878. 

G. J. Thomas, Harvard, Neb., 

1879-81 
H. M. Enos, Waukesha, 1882. 
Phil. Cheek, Baraboo, 1883-84. 
t James Davidson, 1885. 
JLucius Fairchild, 1886. 
H. P. Fischer, Milwaukee, i886. 



fM. Griffin, 1887. 

A. G. Weissert, Milwaukee, 1888. 

Leander Ferguson, Brandon, 1889. 

Benjamin F. Bryant, La-Crosse, 1890 

AV. H. Upham, Marshfield, 1891. 

C. B. AA'elton, Madison, 1892. 

E. A. Shores, Ashland, 1893. 

J. A. Watrous, Milwaukee, 1894. 

AV. D. Hoard, Fort Atkinson, 1895. 
tD. Lloyd Jones, 1896. 
tE. B. Gray, 1897. 

C. H. Russell, Berlin, 1898. 
tHenry Harnder, 1899. 

S. H. Tallmadge, Millwaukee, 1899. 

D. G. James, Richland Centre, 1900. 
A. H. DeGroff, Nelson, 1901. 

J. H. Agen, Superior, 1902. 
J. P. Rundle, Milwaukee, 1903. 
Pliny Norcross, Janesville, 1904. 
T. A. Copeland, La Crosse, 1905. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 51 



DEPARTMENTS IN ORDER OF SENIORITY 

ACCORDING TO DATES OF PERMANENT ORGANIZATION AS HERETO- 
FORE ANNOUNCED. 
NO. DEPARTMENT. ORGANIZED. 

1. Illinois April 1, 1866 

2. Wisconsin June 7, 1866 

3. Pennsylvania January 16, 1867 

4. Ohio January 30, 1867 

5. New York April 3, 1867 

6. Connecticut April 11, 1867 

7. Massachusetts May 7, 1867 

8. New Jersey December 10, 1867 

9. Maine January 10, 1868 

10. California February 21, 1868 

11. Rhode Island March 24, 1868 

12. New Hampshire . June 30, 1868 

13. Vermont October 23, 1868 

14. Potomac February 13, 1869 

15. Virginia and North Carolina .... July 27, 1871 

As Department of Virginia; name changed to Virginia and 
North Carolina, May 20, 1892. 

16. Maryland, organized Jan. 8, 1868 ; reorganized June 9, 1876 

17. Nebraska June 11, 1877 

18. Michigan, organized May 6, 1868 ; reorganized Jan. 22, 1879 

19. Iowa, organized Sep. 26, 1866; reorganized Jan. 23, 1879 

20. Indiana, organized Aug. 20, 1866; reorganized Oct. 3, 1879 

21. Colorado and Wyoming .... December 11, 1879 

As Department of the Mountains; name changed to Colorado, 
July 31, 1882; name changed to Colorado and Wyoming, August 
28, 1889. 

22. Kansas, organized Dec. 7, 1866; reorganized Mch. 16, 1880 

23. Delaware January 14, 1881 



52 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

24. ^lissouri, organized May 16, 1867 ; reorganized April 22, 1882 

25. Minnesota, organized Aug. 14, 1867 ; reorganized, 

August 17, 1881 

26. Oregon September 28, 1882 

27. Kentucky January 16, 1883 

28. West Virginia, organized April 9, 1 868 ; reorganized 

February 20, 1883 

29. vSouth Dakota February 27, 1883 

As Department of Dakota; name changed to South Dakota, 
April 11, 1890. 

30. Washington and Alaska June 20, 1883 

31. Arkansas July 11, 1883 

32. New Mexico July 14, 1883 

33. Utah October 8, 1883 

34. Tennessee February 26, 1884 

35. Louisiana and Mississippi May 15, 1884 

As Department of the Gulf, name changed to Louisiana and 
Mississippi, June 13, 1888. 

36. Florida June 19, 1884 

37. Montana March 10, 1885 

38. Texas March 25, 1885 

Idaho January 11, 1888 

Arizona January 17, 1888 

Georgia January 25, 1889 

42. Alabama March 12, 1889 

North Dakota April 23, 1890 

Oklahoma August 7, 1890 

As Department of Oklahoma and Indian Territory; name 
changed to Oklahoma, July 3, 1891. 

45. Indian Territory July 3^ i891 



39 
40. 
41. 



43. 
44. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 53 



COMMITTEES. 

COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS. 

Bernard Kelly, Chairman, Ottawa, Kansas. 
David F. Pugh, Columbus, Ohio. 
Henry M. Nevius, Red Bank, N. J. 
William Shakespeare, Kalamazoo, Mich. 
Daniel E. Denny, Worcester, Mass. 
William Rule, Knoxville, Tenn. 

C. E. Adams, Superior, Neb. 

ON LEGISLATION FOR VETERANS IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE. 

Ivory G. Kimball, Chairman, Washington, D. C. 

Isaac F. Mack, Sandusky, Ohio. 

Leo. Rassieur, St. Louis, Missouri. 

J. P. S. Gobin, Lebanon, Pennsylvania. 

George H. Patrick, Alabama, (address, Washington, D. C.) 

F. D. Butterfield, Derby Line, Vermont. 

Tohn R. King, Baltimore, Md. 

ON FREDERICKSBURG BATTLEFIELD NATIONAL PARK 

John McElroy, Chairman, Washington, D. C. 

St. Clair A. Mulholland, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Washington Gardner, Albion, Mich. 

Daniel R. Ballou, Providence, R. I. 

Albert E. Sholes, Georgia, (address, Flushing, N. Y.) 

D. A. Grosvenor, Washington, D. C. 
Horatio C. King, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

ON FRATERNAL RELATIONS WITH THE SONS OF VETERANS. 

U. S. A. 

Wm. H. Armstrong, Chairman, Indianapolis, Ind 

Ell Torrance, Minneapolis, Minn. 

R. W. Tirrill, Manchester, Iowa. 

Robert Mann Woods, Chicago, 111. 

A. G. Weissert, Milwaukee, Wis. 

Robert B. Beath, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Allan C. Bakewell, New York City, N. Y 



54 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

ON ERECTION OF A STATUE IN HONOR OF BENJAMIN F. 

STEPHENSON FOUNDER OF THE GRAND ARMY 

OF THE REPUBLIC. 

Charles A. Partridge, Chairman, Chicago, 111. 
James Tanner, Washington, D. C. 
Louis Wagner, Philadelphia, Pa. 
John McElroy, Washington, D. C. 
Thomas S. Hopkins, Washington, D. C. 

ON BULL RUN BATTLEFIELD MONUMENTS. 

E. W. Whitaker, Chairman, Washington, D. C. 
James McLeer, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
C. A. E. Spamer, Baltimore, Md. 

ON LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 

John S. Kountz, Past Commander-in-Chief, Toledo, Ohio. 
Thos. J. Stewart, Past Commander-in-Chief, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Wm. M. Olin, Past Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Boston, Mass. 
Rev. Mark B. Taylor, Past Chaplain-in-Chief, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Dana W. King, Nashua, N. H. 

ON REMOVAL OF REMAINS OF PAST COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, 
PAUL VAN DER VOORT. 

William P. Rogers, Chairman, Washington, D. C. 
Frank A. Butts, Washington, D. C. 
Frank J. O'Reilly, Cambridge, Mass. 

ON CREDENTIALS. 

John Tweedale, Adjutant-General, Chairman. 

Charles A. Suydam, Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of 
Pennsylvania. 

John H. Roberts, Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of Cal- 
ifornia and Nevada. 

Philip S. Chase, Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of Rhode 
Island. 

Orton vS. Clark, Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of Min- 
nesota. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 55 



ADDRESS OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. 



Comrades of the National Encampment: 

I come today to make my report on the stewardship of the 
interests of our Order which you so generously confided to my 
hands at Denver last September. If it is not as fully favorable 
in all respects as I had indulged the hope it might be, still I have 
the consolation of realizing that I have given to the work in the 
year just closing the best there was in me. 

In some respects the report is more favorable than I had first 
dared hope it could be. In view of the fearful inroad death 
is making upon the ranks of our membership, I had considered 
it almost inevitable that on this occasion I would be compelled 
to report to you a very considerable net loss; on the contrary 
I am happy in being able to stand here and state to you that, 
by reason of the zealous interest taken in our Order bv many 
comrades, we have been able to more thaTi offset the losses in- 
curred through death and other causes, and our Order stands 
today 3,500 stronger in number than it did at Denver. 

I cannot arrogate to my administration the credit for this, 
nor perhaps for a very considerable portion of it, but I am firm 
in the faith that the unselfish and intelligent efforts of the 
members of the National and Departmental adminstrations 
have materially helped in producing this most desirable result. 
The thanks and compliments for the same must be very gen- 
erally distributed throughout the Order. 

One thing I am certain of and that is that the character of 
the Grand Army never stood higher than it does at the present 
moment. While I am far from asserting that it is any higher 
than it has been in the recent past, nevertheless I am confident 
that the high character of its membership is todav more gen- 
erally recognized among the non-veteran portion of our citizen- 
ship than it has ever been before. 



56 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Repeatedly during the past year on various public occasions 
I have defiantly and perhaps arrogantly called attention to the 
fact that, while the public conscience has been shocked and 
outraged by the exposure of moral turpitude on the part of 
many of those who stood among the so-called most eminent 
men of the nation, eminent in financial and religious circles, 
trusted guardians of the interests of widows and orphans, for 
whom loved ones dead and gone had thought they had made 
careful safeguard to cover the necessities for comfort through 
all their natural lives, men who in church circles stood on the 
very steps of the altars, trusted cup-bearers of the cause of 
Christ, yet, who when their real characters were exposed were 
exhibited in such poverty of soul and honor, as compared to 
them Lazarous in his lowest state might justly be considered a 
multimillionaire, and in all the list, search it from top to bottom, 
the name of not one veteran of the Civil War can be found. 

Anniversary. 

The 40th Anniversary of the founding of our Association 
occurs this year. There are three dates to remember, April 9, 
1866, when the first post was organized at Decatur, Illinois, 
July 12, 1866, when the first Department Encampment was 
held at Springfield, Illinois, and November 20, 1866, when the 
first National Encampment was held at Indianapolis, Indiana. 

Taken up with enthusiasm, the Grand Army of the Republic 
soon attained a position of commanding influence, which has 
been beneficial not only to our own comrades, but to the nation 
which we served in its hour of peril. 

The principles it stands for, are vital. In Fraternity the 
brotherhood of man is taught, in Charity there is the love that 
sufi"ereth long and is kind, and in Loyalty, there is the respect 
for duly constituted authority for government of the people, 
by the people and for the people, a government that shall not 
perish from the earth, but extending its influence year by year, 
proclaims to all nations, tribes and people, that "Old Glory" 
stands for the principle that "all men are created equal, that 
they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 57 

rights^ and that among these are hfe, Hberty, and the pursuit of 
happiness." 

We do well to be proud of the Grand Army, an organization 
of soldier citizens, citizens who learned their duty in the cruci- 
ble of war, and knowing, dare maintain the rights vouchsafed to 
them by the Declaration of Independence. Strange is it not 
that an living man who wore the blue then is not with us now.? 
That th.i:o:h'^ dorrinates the order I issued last April, asking 
you lo celebrate our anniversary and to bring in new members. 

Reports of Officers and of Committees. 

Careful attention and consideration is invited to the reports 
of Officers and Committees. They contain valuable informa- 
tion and recommendations, but as they will be submitted to 
appropriate committees for such action as may be deemed 
proper, further reference thereto will not be made unless in- 
cidentally to call attention to some matters Which it may be 
desired to emphasize as I proceed with this report. 

Balance of Funds. 

In his annual report, dated August 5, 1905, Quartermaster 
General Charles Burrows stated (page 106, Journal 39th Nat- 
ional Encampment) : 

"Since closing up and balancing the books, for the purpose 
of audit on Aug. 3, I have received per capita tax from several 
Departments amounting to over $1,800. and paid bills of nearly 
$600, leaving $1,129.23 to be added to the cash balance of the 
general fund of $4,668.68, as shown at the time the books were 
balanced, making an increase in that fund over that of last year." 

In view of this statement it will be interesting to know the 
exact condition of the general fund when the first check was 
drawn by this administration. Comrade Burrows continued 
to perform the duties of Quartermaster General until November 
1, 1905, when he turned over to Comrade Frank Battles the 
funds in his hands, and on that date Comrade Battles qualified 
and assumed the duties of the office of Quartermaster General. 



5g FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

From August 2, 1905,to November 1, 1905, Comrade Burrows 
received on account of the General Fund, from per capita tax, 
sale of supplies and interest, $2,854.52, this amount added to 
the balance on August 2, makes the sum of $7,523.20; from 
which Comrade Burrows paid out on account of supplies,travel- 
ing expenses, salaries, and incidentals $4,243.61 on checks 
drawn by the last administration, leaving a balance of $3,- 
279.59 turned over to Comrade Battles on November 1. The 
first check drawn by this administration was on November 29, 
1905, and was paid by Comrade Battles. 

It thus appears that the balance of the General Fund at the 
beginning of the present administration was in fact the amount 
turned over to Comrade Battles on November 1, 1905, viz: $3, 
279.59. The full details are given in his report and the matter 
is now referred to, to account for the delay in the payment of 
some bills until the receipt of the Blackmar legacy, it being 
necessarv to exercise the utmost economy to prevent a deficit. 

This administration has experienced the full effect of the 
recent rule of the railroads respecting free transportation, and 
as a consequence official travel has been restricted to the lowest 
limits consistent with the interests of our organization. The 
refusal of free transportation to our principal officers has in- 
creased the amount paid for traveling expenses, while on most 
of the itinerary of the Commander-in-Chief to Department 
Encampments he has been deprived of the aid and assistance 
of officers who should have accompanied him in the performance 
of his official duties, if the state of our finances had been suffici- 
ent to bear the expense. 

Appeals. 

A loose practice seems to have grown up regarding appeals, 
and questions in the nature of appeals. Such matters should 
not be submitted direct to National Officers, but should in all 
cases be taken first to Department Commanders and Encamp- 
ments, and then to the Commander-in-Chief. Any other course 
occasions delay, for the Judge Advocate General is only au- 
thorized to render an opinion when requested so to do bv the 
Commander-in-Chief . 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 59 

Council of Administration. 

Since the 39th National Encampment, four vacancies have 

occurred in the Council of Administration, three of which have 

een filled in accordance with the law of our Order, as follows : 

Pennsylvania. . . .Wm. J. Patterson, vice Thomas G. Sample, 
deceased. 

Oregon Oscar L. Stranahan, vice B. F. Pike, re- 
signed. 

I ctnd N. C. H. B. Nichols, vice B. C. Cook, deceased. 

The fourth vacancy occasioned by the resignation of B. F. 
Taylor, Department of Maryland, has not yet been filled. 

Chaplain-in-Chief. 

AS anounced in General Orders No. 9, Rev. Jesse Cole, of the 
Deoartment of Iowa, was elected Chaplain-in-Chief by the Na- 
tional Council of Administration to fill the vacancy caused by 
the death of Rev. Father J. F. Leary, on February 21, 1906. 

^- committee has been appointed to draft and present to the 
Encamoment suitable resolutions on the death of Father Leary. 

Aides-de-Camp. 

Early in the administration I decided to appoint a large 
number of Aides-de-Camp to be under the immediate direction 
of the Chief of Staff. Department Commanders were informed 
that in addition to such duties as they might be called upon to 
perform by National Headquarters, the Aides, with the con- 
sent of Department Commanders, were to cooperate with 
Department Aides in urging upon comrades renewed exertion 
to bring into our Order every soldier, sailor, or marine, qualified 
for membership, not now a member of the Grand Army of the 
Republic. 

It was felt that those who held themselves aloof from us did 
not realize that the course pursued would lead many to believe 
their records were not clear. The Aides were requested to come 
into personal contact with eligible candidates, and to urge them 
to join our Order before the final roll-call makes it too late. 



gq fortieth annual encampment 

The Blackmar Legacy. 

As all of you are aware, that splendid comrade who laid 
down in death on his post of duty at Boise, Idaho, July 16. 1905, 
willed to our treasury a legacy of $3,000. As already stated, 
my administration has found itself somewhat embarrassed for 
lack of funds. Learning of this, that splendid lady, the widow 
of our deceased Commander-in-Chief, took steps to expedite 
the payment into our treasury of the aforesaid legacy, and 
when she ascertained that, under the Massachusetts State law 
a legacy tax of 5 per cent, was deducted therefrom, she at once 
sent to Quartermaster General Battles her check for $150, in 
order that our treasury might be benefitted to the full extent 
of §3,000 designated by her beloved husband. 

In a personal communication I had the honor to address 
her, I expressed my own sense of appreciation of her kindly 
and magnanimous act, and certainly some member of our 
Committee on Resolutions will see to it that formal recognition 
is made by the whole Encampment in proper terms. 

Past Commander-in-Chief Paul Vaneer Voort. 

Pursuant to instructions of the last National Encampment 
the remains of Past Commander-in-Chief Paul Vander Voort 
have been removed from the place of their interment in Cuba 
to the United States, and they now rest in the Grand Army 
Circle just west of the monument in Forest Lawn Cemetery, 
Omaha, Nebraska, on a beautiful hill overlooking the Missouri 
Valley. 

The expense of the removal from Camaguey, Cuba to New 
York City, amounting to $455.17, was paid by Comrade Frank 
J. O'Reilly, and from New York City to Omaha, amounting 
to $117.42, was paid by Inspector General M. J. Cummings. 
They have submitted their accounts, accompanied by vouchers. 
It being understood that the Department of Nebraska intended 
to pay all expenses connected wdth the removal of the remains, 
the accounts referred to were transmitted to Past Commander 
J. H. Culver of that Department. In this connection it should 
be stated that before the accounts were disposed of as stated. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 61 

a letter was written to Mrs. Abbie A. Adams, National President 
of the Woman's Relief Corps, referring to the action of the 
National Convention of the Woman's Relief Corps, and she 
replied under date of April 3, 1906, in part as follows : 

' 'At the twenty-second National Convention held in Boston, 
the following resolution was adopted: 'Resolved, That the 
remains of Past Commander-in-Chief Paul Vander Voort, now 
lying in a rented vault in Cuba, should find a resting place in 
his native soil, and that the incoming National President take 
steps to have his body brought back to America for interment, 
and that the expense be borne by the National Treasury of the 
Woman's Relief Corps.' 

' 'At our last convention held in Denver, Mrs. Fanny E. Minot, 
National President, reported in substance, that the Encamp- 
ment of the Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Ne- 
braska, had placed the matter in the hands of General J. H. 
Culver and the delegation in Congress, to confer with the War 
Department, asking that the remains of General Vander Voort 
be brought to the United States in a government transport, 
free of cost, any expense incurred to be defrayed by the Depart- 
ment of Nebraska, Grand Army of the Republic. This offer 
she accepted and 'pledged that any assistance that could be 
rendered by the Woman's Relief Corps would be most cheerfully 
given.' Her report was approved with the suggestion that it 
was proper and right that this fraternal duty be assumed by 
the Grand Army of the Department of Nebraska. 

"Thus you see that new action must be taken before I can 
pay out any given amount for this purpose. Knowing however, 
how cheerfully and gladly the Woman's Relief Corps all over 
the land would respond to the request, I ask that at your earliest 
convenience you indicate to me what sum you will need to 
assist the National Grand Army in this sacred duty, and I will 
at once take the matter up with the National Council. " 

In view of this letter the accounts were as stated transmitted 
to Past Department Commander Culver, although before the 
receipt of the above quoted letter I had written to Comrade 
Culver, under date of March 12, 1906, informing him that the 
current funds of the Grand Army had run down so low that I 



62 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

had no hesitancy in saying that I should be glad if the Depart- 
ment of Nebraska would step in and bear the expense. 

With reference to the remark in Mrs. Adams' letter that the 
matter was in the hands of General Culver and the delegation 
in Congress to arrange with the War Department for free trans- 
portation of the remains from Cuba to the United States, I 
should say that I had no knowledge of this when I appointed 
the committee, in General Orders No. 5, consisting of Comrades 
Wm. P. Rogers, Frank A. Butts, and Frank J. O'Reilly, to confer 
with the Woman's Relief Corps and to make arrangements to 
carry out the instructions of the last Encampment. This com- 
mittee ascertained from a personal inteiview with General 
Charles T. Humphrey, Quartermaster General U. S. A., that 
at the time he was in correspondence with General Culver, he 
expected the remains could be sent to the United States on the 
transport "Sherman" which was to leave Havana for New York 
earlv in March. It was also ascertained from General Hum- 
phrey that it was not probable that another U. S. Vessel, com- 
ing north, would stop at Havana, or any other port in Cuba, 
for several months, and as he did not hear from General Culver 
in regard to the matter, the necessary orders for having the 
remains brought on the "Sherman" were not given. 

In the meantime. Comrade O'Reilly, a member of the Com- 
mittee, was at Camaguey, Cuba, and was coming north the 
first part of April. He offered to take all necessary action in 
Cuba, provided he received instructions in time to do so, before 
leaving for his home in Massachusetts. The necessary instruc- 
tions were given, he accompanied the remains to this country, 
and they were met immediately on the arrival of the steamer 
at her dock in Brooklyn, N. Y., by Inspector General M. J. 
Cummings and National Patriotic Instructor Allan C. Bakewell, 
and forwarded thence on the 3rd of April by Comrade Cummings 
to Comrade Culver in Omaha, Nebraska, where they were re- 
ceived on the 5th of April. 

It is not known what action has been taken by the Depart- 
ment of Nebraska with reference to the payment of the accounts, 
but as I am advised by Comrades Cummings and O'Reilly that 
the amounts advanced by them have not as yet been paid, I 



GRAND ARMY OK THE REPUBLIC 63 

would suggest that as the National Encampment, the Depart- 
ment of Nebraska, and the Woman's Relief Corps have each 
expressed a desire to defray the expenses, that each of the or- 
ganizations named pay one-third of the total expense incurred, 
thus closing up the matter as soon as the necessary arrange- 
ments can be made. To expedite the matter I have drawn 
warrants on the Quartermaster General for the payment of 
the amounts advanced by Comra,des Cummings and O'Reilly, 
feeling sure that the Department of Nebraska and the Woman's 
Relief Corps will each of them gladly reimburse our treasury 
to the extent of one-third of the ainount paid. 

The Stephenson Memorial. 

The funds in the hands of the Quartermaster General to the 
credit of the Grant-Stephenson Memorial Fund amounting to 
$2,718.14 were turned over to Past Commander-in-Chief Louis 
Wagner, Treasurer of the Benjamin F. Stephenson Memorial, 
in accordance with his request. His report fully shows the 
condition of the fund and the progress of the work. 

Bull Run Battlefield Monuments. 

In accordance with a resolution from the Department of 
Virginia and North Carolina which was adopted by the 39th 
National Encampment, a committee consisting of Comrades 
E. W. Whitaker of Washington, D. C, Chairman, James Mc- 
Leer, of Brooklyn, N. Y., and C. A. E. Spamer, of Baltimore, 
Md., was appointed to consider such papers as were filed before 
the Committee on Resolutions at the Encampments of 1901, 
1903 and 1904, regarding the monuments on the battlefields 
of Bull Run, and such other evidence as may be submitted to 
them or be obtainable by them regarding the same, and to 
report the facts regarding the same, with such recommendations 
as they shall deem best, to the 40th National Encampment. 

The committee has made a preliminary report, and will sub- 
mit a full history of the main facts hereafter, with a resolution 
embodying their recommendation. 



g4 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Army Nurses. 

The Association of Army Nurses of the Civil War is seeking 
for legislation by Congress to increase the pensions now allowed 
the Nurses, which is $12.00 per month, not sufficient to provide 
the comforts of life even with the greatest economy. 

The President of the Association, Mrs. Fanny T. Hazen, is 
collecting statistics as to the age, length and nature of service, 
and individual income of the Nurses, and from the information 
received finds that less than five per cent, have any income 
other than their pension. 

Bills for the increase were introduced in the 57 th and 58 th 
Congresses but failed of enactment. The bill introduced in the 
58th Congress by Senator Proctor proposed to increase the rate 
of pension provided by the Act of Congress, approved August 
5, 1892, to $20 per month. The legislation now sought is to 
increase the rate to $25 per month for all Army Nurses w^ho 
have reached the age of seventy years. In making this effort 
the Association expressly states that they "do not wish to ask 
for anything, which if granted would be unjust or detrimental 
to the Veterans." 

The government provides no home for the Nurses, and the 
local homes are more than full, with long lists of waiting appli- 
ants. It is evident the increase will not be needed long, for 
as an instance I call attention to the fact that when the Asso- 
ciation for Massachusetts was organized in 1896 they had 82 
members, and since then 46 have died, leaving onlv 36 members 
at present. 

The last National Encampment authorized the award of 
Army Nurses badges "to all surviving nurses of the great war 
who shall establish their right to be know^ as such nurses by 
evidence satisfactory to the Council of Administration." 

Such satisfactory evidence having been furnished to the 
Council of Administration I have, by authority of the Council, 
awarded badges in the name of the Grand Army of the Repub- 
lic ' 'as a mark of our love and admiration for their services in 
the past" to eleven (11) members of the Association of Army 
Nurses of the Civil War, to twenty-three (23) Sisters of the Holy 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 65 

Cross, St. Mary's, Notre Dame, Indiana, The Sisters of the 
Hoh Cross sent sixty-four (64) members, accompanied by 
Sister Agatha, cousin of Hon. James G. Blaine, to the war as 
nurses. Twenty-three are still living, and in receipt of pensions. 
One (1) badge has been awarded to Mrs. Florana L. Sterling, 
wife of Assistant Adjutant General F. P. Sterling, Department 
of Montana, G. A. R., who was a nurse during the war, and is 
drawing pension. 

Upon similar evidence 2 badges have been sent to Inspector 
General M. J. Cummings to present in the name of the Grand 
Army of the Republic to two Sisters of Charity who were nurses 
during the war and in receipt of pensions. 

Also four badges have been sent to Mrs. Fanny T. Hazen, 
President of the Association of Army Nurses, to replace the 
same number of badges destroyed in the San Francisco earth- 
quake and fire. 

San Francisco Disaster. 

^^^hile absent on my itinerary to Department Encampments 
in the South and Southw^est, San Francisco and the adjacent 
country was visited with a terrible disaster. 

The devastation and suffering caused by the earthquake and 
fire were appalling, and at once the generosity of our people 
sought means by w^hich they could contribute to the relief of 
the sufferers. 

Through the courtesy of the Press Associations I issued an 
appeal on the 21st of April to all comrades for help, and asked 
them to send aid in money and supplies to Edward Divine, 
the Red Cross Representative at Oakland, California, who had 
been selected by the President as the almoner of the people. 

Subsequently the San Francisco Posts appointed a G. A. R. 
Relief Committee to co-operate with the military authorities 
and the Red Cross Society, and at the request of Comrade A. D. 
Cutler, Chairman of the Committee, I issued a second appeal 
on the 11th of May, again through the instrumentality of the 
Press Associations, requesting future contributions of aid be 
sent to that committee. 

Thereafter the 39th Annual Encampment of the Department 



g6 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

of California and Nevada was held at. Redding. Cal., May 17-19, . 
and adopted resolutions authorizing the appointment of a 
Special Relief Committee, with the Department Commander, 
Wm. C. Alberger, as Chairman, "to have entire control of the 
disbursement of all funds contributed," and a third appeal 
in accordance with this action, was pubhshed on the 30th of 
June in General Orders No. 10. 

In General Orders No. 9, I requested that a statement of all 
contributions made by Posts, either of money or supplies, to the 
sufferers from the earthquake, be reported to Department 
Commanders and that the reports be tabulated, and a consoli 
dated report thereof be forwarded from each Department to 
National Headquarters not later than July 20th. Thus far 
(July) two reports have been received. It is known that large 
contributions have been made, and if received in time the re- 
ports will be published for the information of the Encampment. 

Memorial Day. 

Each year the 30th of May is more and more observed as a 
memorial day for the dead. The Grand Army of the Republic 
stands pre-eminent in its observance of the day, but year by 
year the custom has grown, until it embraces the length and 
breadth of the land, and the day is now a sacred one for multi- 
tudes of all nationalities in all w^alks of life. 

Thus this custom, beautiful in its inception, has been instru- 
mental in weaving and blending the peoples of this countrv, 
obliterating their differences, and thus has been verified the 
prediction of Lincoln, that "the mystic chords of memory, 
stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every 
living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet 
swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely 
they will be, by the better angels of our nature. " ' 

Feeling the truth of these words of the Martyred Lincoln, 
when it became my duty to issue the order for Memorial Day! 
I told my comrades of an incident that happened thirty years 
ago, and said that I trusted when we went out to laurel the 
graves of our Union dead our common American manhood 
would prevent us passing by the graves of our former opponents 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 67 

without dropping thereon some floral remembrance. Not,^I 
said, in honor of their cause, for that we opposed, fought and 
conquered, but because we who met them on the field of battle, 
knew that braver men or better soldiers haAC not been known 
since m.en were first marshaled in battle array. 

Quite a number of touching, even loving, messages have 
come to me from mothers of the south whose sons are buried 
on northern soil, pouring out their appreciation of the spirit 
embodied in my Memorial Day Order recommendations re- 
garding the graves of those confederates buried on northern 
soil. 

The}' are too tender and sacred to be heralded publicly, but 
if I had received but one single such communication I would 
in my own heart feel amply justified for the recommendation 
I had the honor to make. 

There can be but one opinion throughout our whole country 
it seems to me regarding the continued desecration of our Mem- 
orial Day by ball games, circuses, and other forms of popular 
amusement. 

I have faith enough in the American people to believe that 
where the matter is properly presented to the constituted au- 
thorities in the various communities in the land, that almost 
without exception proper action will be taken by them for- 
bidding these desecrations. A marked illustration of the 
truth of this I find in the case of the Common Council of the 
City of Topeka, Kansas, who having before them an applica- 
tion for a license for a circus to exhibit on Memorial Day, were 
addressed in a most earnest, dignified and eloquent protest by 
Department Commander Coney, and who thereupon unani- 
mously refused to grant the desired permit. 

We owe it to the memory of our dead comrades and our- 
selves to make this protest in every instance, then if the out- 
rage be permitted, the responsibility is not upon us in any 
degree whatever. 

The "Washington Post" narrates a pathetic little incident 
which serves to show how well the bond between the North 
and South has been cemented under the stars and stripes. It 
occurred on the afternoon of Memorial Dav, in Glenwood cem- 



63 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

eterv. The graves of the men who had fought in the service 
of the United States in the "days that tried men's souls" had 
been decorated with flags and flowers, and the G. A. R. men 
and others who had participated in the ceremonies ha5 departed. 
About four o'clock in the afternoon, a tall man with a bronze 
countenance appeared. In his hand he carried a small bunch 
of daisies which had been sold in front of the entrance to the 
cemetery. With a firm tread he walked into the oflice and asked 
■where a certain grave was located. One of the superintendents 
•of the cemetery knew that in an isolated spot rested the body 
of one who had fallen under the "stars and bars." A guide, 
showed him to the lot and pointed out the grave. With tears 
streaming from his eyes, the old fellow walked forward and 
deposited the bunch of daisies. Then reaching down in the 
inside pocket of his coat, he drew forth a flag. It was old, 
tattered and torn, and its center showed where the banner had 
been pierced by bullets. It required a few moments to bring 
the furls out properly, and the flag had to be handled tenderly 
for it looked as though it would fall to pieces. Then the man 
walked out and picked up a small twig and wrapped the end 
of the flag around it, and returning to the grave, planted the 
flag at the head. An instant later the "stars and bars" were 
unfurled. The cemetery was filled with people and among 
them were several members of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
Finally they came across this isolated spot and saw the Confed- 
erate flag flying. "What's that flag doing there?" asked a 
northern man. The old southerner straightened up. One 
■sleeve of his coat was empty but there was a look of defiance 
in his eyes which seemed to say "There is no man going to 
remove that flag;" then carefully removing his wide white hat 
he said "I came up here to see whether this grave was going 
to be decorated or not. You fellows have forgotten him. He 
was killed in the seven days fight round Richmond. He was 
my boy, the only boy I ever had; my name's Amiss and I 
thought you would overlook this grave, but I have bowed down 
to the stars and stripes, and I would fight for it, but there is no 
one ever going to remove this old flag under which he died 
until the stars and stripes are placed there." 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 69 

Then three men, whose days are almost numbered in this 
world, tried to outrace each other to get a flag and when they 
brought back a small one and planted it on the grave, together 
with a large wreath, the old southerner came up and shook 
hands and then carefully wrapped up the flag with which he 
had decorated the grave. "We'll take that," said one of the 
G. A. R. men. "No you won't," said the old man" That was 
my regimental flag in Stonewall Jackson's brigade, it wasn't 
taken away from me then, and it won't be given up now," 
and with words of thanks, and tears streaming from his e^^es 
he walked away, and one of the northern men said "No wonder 
we had to fight. " 

Memorial Sunday. 

By common consent the Sunday preceding Memorial Day 
has become generally known as Memorial Sunday, and accord- 
ingly on the 18th of May I issued an Order requesting comrades 
as Posts or individuals, to duly observe the day. 

The growing custom in many places of regarding Memorial 
Day as a mere holiday for games and amusements, can, it is 
hoped, be checked by observing Memorial vSunday in a manner 
to impress the thoughtless with the solemn meaning of the one 
day in all the year when the Grand Army of the Republic thus 
publicly seeks to preserve the memory of those who fought in 
defence of the National Unity. 

Southern Memorial Fund. 

It was decided early not to ask for contributions this year 
for the Southern Memorial Fund. The balance on hand was 
believed to be amply sufficient to defray the usual expenses 
connected with the observance of ^lemorial Day in the South, 
and the result demonstrates the wisdom of that decision. 

There has been expended $2,296.46, and there is a balance in 
the treasury to the credit of the fund of $1,243.75. Thus all 
legitimate expenses for that purpose have been met, a balance 
will be turned over to the next administration, and the comrades 
and auxiliary societies have not been called upon for help, 
which while it could not have been foreseen, was especially 



70 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

fortunate because of the appalling disaster at San Francisco 
to which they so generously responded. 

Patriotic Education. 

This department of Grand Army work has had another year 
of development — the eighth consecutive year under the special 
management of the now National Patriotic Instructor, Comrade 
Allan C. Bakewell — not only a Staff Officer, but a member of 
the Council of Administration. 

The year now closing has been experimental under the plan 
set in motion by an amendment to the Rules and Regulations 
of the Order, adopted at the last National Encampment. 

It is not necessary for me to set before you the detail of man- 
agement which has so successfully proven the wisdom of the 
new method employed. The report of the National Patriotic 
Instructor published in the Roster of the Encampment fully sets 
forth the plan and purpose and results of another year of faith- 
ful service as unselfish as all hitherto given, and bestowed with 
the same personal liberality, relieving the administration of 
every attendant expense or draft upon the financial resources of 
this organization. 

The system so fully outlined in the report has achieved re- 
markable results and the subject is commended to your earnest 
consideration with every confidence that its measures and sug- 
gestions will have your approval and support. 

I cannot and should not refrain from adding my testimony 
to the value to the Country of this important part of Grand 
Army history and patriotism: a benefit which will outlast, in 
method and effect, all other purposes of our existence as an 
Order. 

We owe much as soldiers and patriots, to those of our Com- 
rades who are devoting their last years, in illustrating so beau- 
tifully the spirit of Loyalty— the uphfting and supporting 
Keystone of the Arch on which our order rests. Younger 
generations will follow the example so nobly set, and may the 
methods we have inaugurated broaden and enlighten until 
Peace shall rule the world, and War shall be no more. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 71 



Flag Day. 



This year witnessed the first observance of Flag Day, follow- 
ing the official recognition by the 39th National Encampment 
of the fourteenth of June as the day to be observed by all mem- 
bers of the Grand Army of the Republic, in the display of the 
United States flag, to commemorate its birthday in 1777. 

In the Capitol of the Nation as elsewhere there was a very 
general observance of the day, the flag being in evidence every- 
where. 

In the Congress of the United States prayer was offered at 
the opening session of each house as follows : 

In the Senate by Rev. Charles Cuthbert Hall, D.D. : "O God 
of nations, who setteth up one and putteth down another, most 
heartily we thank Thee for Thy good providence toward us 
and our fathers. We bless Thee for the foundation of this 
Republic on principles of truth and humanity. We call to 
remembrance the illustrious founders of our constitutional 
liberty and all others who by life or death have served and 
suffered for the welfare of the State. 

"Inasmuch as on this day, by common consent, the flag of 
the United States is honored and exalted among the people, we 
beseech Thee to protect and sanctify that flag forever by the 
sure defenses of righteousness. Give unto us and to our children 
the spirit of reverence and obedience. Let integrity and up- 
rightness preserve us. Cleanse the nation from whatsoever 
defile th or maketh ashamed. Ennoble all citizens with the 
purpose of goodness, to the end that throughout all the world 
the flag of the United States may be a symbol of honor, of 
brotherhood, of peace." 

lathe House of Representatives by our comrade. Rev. Henry 
N. Couden, D.D., the blind Chaplajn of the House: "We bless 
Thee, O God, our heavenly Father, for the spirit of '76 which 
moved our fathers to high and holy resolves, illustrious deeds, 
and glorious achievements, which gave to us a government of 
the people, bv the people, and for the people, and for the old 
flag which they carried to victory on a thousand fields of battle, 
deer to everv American heart, emblem of liberty and freedom, 



72 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

law and order, peace and good will. God grant that it may 
wave on in triumph until every people of every clime shall 
feel its influence and rest secure in their sacred rights under 
its graceful and protecting folds, and Thine be the praise through 
Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. " 

As a matter of interest, I will state that the flag displayed 
that day from National Headquarters, was the flag presented 
last 3'ear at Denver to the Grand Army of the Republic, by 
the Woman's Relief Corps of Cheyenne, Wyoming. 

While the observance of the 14th of June as Flag Day by 
the Grand Army of the Republic has its value for those who 
have reached mature life, its primary object is to inspire the 
young with love for their country. They are the standard 
bearers, to them life is still in the forenoon, the summit is hid- 
den in a haze of bright anticipations, and all things are possible 
to their vivid imaginations. Entering life at a period in the 
world's history when the greatest developments ever known 
are foreshadowed, they are to be congratulated. Yet if I may 
be permitted at this time to touch upon a single point, I would 
give this word of advice : 

Very often in life opportunities come to do things which 
seem to be advantageous as regards material prosperity, vet 
sometimes they will be matters we would hate to sit down and 
talk about very frankly with one whose absolute respect we 
desired to hold. Even if what we could do is not exactly on 
a straight Ime, it may seem that no harm will be done and no- 
body will know it. When that time comes do not fail to re- 
member that each one is connected with an individual, without 
whose respect life is more or less miserable, and that one is the 
individual self. If through life one cannot, when he lays his 
head on his pillow at night, feel that he has commanded his 
own self-respect by the operations of the day, then there will 
be, to say the least, a very large-sized fly in his ointment of 
life. Having this, he can meet adverse fate, a world of disaster 
and still make a man's fight. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 73 



Star Spangled Banner. 



My attention has been called to the fact that on Memorial 
day, while the band waS playing the National Anthem, in a cer- 
tain city which I will not name, not a single one of the several 
hundred men and boys who were standing about uncovered 
their heads. 

Comrades, watch the regular army officer at such a time — 
You will see him rise to his feet if seated, or if standing in the 
open air he will raise his hat. It is not a meaningless ceremony, 
but is evidence of love and respect for the country to which he 
has devoted his life. 

During the Spanish War all men uncovered their heads when 
the "Star Spangled Banner" was played. Shall we comrades 
of the Grand Army do less, when we are trying to teach the 
young by act and deed the meaning of Lovalty? I think not. 
The men and bovs who stood around with their hats on in the 
city referred to, I trust were not Grand Army Comrades, or sons 
of veterans. 

I copy the following from the "Evening Star" of this city: 
"The war was over in Virginia a good many years ago, and the 
Virginia folks are as patriotic as the people of any state in the 
Union" said a gentleman the other day.' Continuing he said: 
"The younger generation of Virginia people, for example, all 
get to th.ir feet when they hear a band or orchestra strike up 
"The Star Spangled Banner," and that's something that is by- 
no means universal in the United States. A few people in an 
audience will occasionally stand up in a New York theatre, 
when the national air is being given in a medley of national 
. airs, but they are actually tittered at by the vast majority, who 
keep their seats. 

"I happened to be present at a Virginia seaside resort the 
other day, when two bands were grinding out a measley com- 
position at all hours called "That Grand Old Rag," the 'rag' 
referred to being, as it is probably needless to remind anybody 
who has heard the words of the ditty, the flag of the United 
States There were fifty and odd lady school teachers there 
from the interior of Virginia. They all stopped at the big hotel, 



74 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

and while they were eating their first dinner at the hotel a huge 
phonograph ground out the words and music of the grand old 
rag song. It was the first time they had heard it, and when 
they made out the words they swooped upon the hotel manager 
in a body, and requested — demanded for that matter — that 
that particula: phonograph record should not be poked into 
the talking machine again while they remained at the hotel. 
They told the hotel man that the words of the song and even 
the title thereof were shockingly disrespectful to the National 
emblem, and the hotel proprietor promptly complied with their 
wishes. That evening while strolling around, they heard the 
hurdy-gurdies and the bands blaring it out. They went to a 
policeman, and requested as American women, teachers of a 
portion of the growing youth of the land, that the band be for- 
bidden to play the outrageous piece any more. The policeman 
did nothing. Later in the evening a number of them got up 
and earnestly protested against the playing of the piece by one 
of the pavilion orchestras. The next day they gathered a large 
crowd of convention folks and appealed to the Mayor. He 
sent for a copy of the song, agreed with the delegation that the 
song was a sure enough back-handed swipe at the old flag, and 
he sent the quiet tip up and down the line, that it would please 
him if that stuff were to be cancelled all around. It was cut out, 
and the Virginia school teachers went about in a state of de- 
corous triumph during the remainder of their stay by the sea." 
Another incident— Down in Eustis, Florida, they have a 
squad of eleven Grand Army comrades, the only Post in Lake 
County. In the same county there is a Confederate Camp of 
two hundred and seventy-nine members. The relations be- 
tween the two organizations have always been of the most 
friendly character. The Post celebrated McKinley's birthday, 
with the Confederates as their guests. On the occasion of the 
purchase of a flag for the Presbyterian College by Eustis Post, 
the Confederate Camp not only subscribed liberally to pur- 
chase "Old Glory," but made the Post Commander an honorary 
member of the Camp. To reciprocate, when the presentation 
occured on Washington's birthday, the Commander of the Con- 
federate Camp was requested by the Post Commander to make 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 75 

the address of presentation, and Comrade James, the Post Com- 
mander, says : "I only wish that every man, woman, and child 
in the United States, could have heard Captain Duncan's loyal 
tribute to the flag and his heart-reaching words to the young 
men, and women of the college." 

The incidents mentioned in this report prove, if proof be 
needed, that the spirit of fraternity, charity, and loyalty 
permeates the hearts of the people of the land, 

In closing this subject I wish to dwell for a moment on a 
scene in Indiana's Capitol on the morning of May 15, 1902. 
On that morning there passed out of the southern portals of the 
State House a spectacle such as the world had never seen. It 
cannot better be described than in the glowing words of Z. A. 
Smith in the Indianapolis Journal : "Thirty-seven years ago 
regiments of men by the score returned to Indiana, in the glory 
of early manhood and in the proud assurance of victory, bring- 
ing back to the immortal Morton the Standards 'tattered and 
torn' with which he had sent them forth to do, and if need be to 
die for a nation's life. Thousands brought the flags back; this 
morning small bands of old men will take these old flags forth 
for the last time through the streets to the soldiers' and sailors' 
monument. If the generation of today that will see the old 
men and their flags could have seen them when they filled 
Pennsylvania Avenue, in the nation's capitol that May day 
of 1865, in the grand review, and beheld the long, confident 
stride and the rythmic swaying of bayonets right and left, they 
would have seen the finest marching the world ever saw. To- 
day these men cannot march, but God pity the soulless ob- 
server who can look upon the old men and their flags and not 
be touched with the memories they should summon. 

'Tn the mart money is said to talk, but in the presence of 
the remnant of the manhood which kept us a nation, cement- 
ing in blood a great Union, mere wealth and its representatives 
sink into insignificance and valor is the priceless jewel. Ill- 
fated the people who cannot point to a record filled with the 
deeds of heroic men in some great struggle for a great cause. 
Blessed and thrice blessed the land whose people have such 
precious mementoes to nourish national life ! 



76 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

"Let loose the imagination, and that notable remnant be- 
comes a great army; sound the reveille that there may come 
forth from their graves the men whose lives went out on every 
battlefield fought for the Union. May one not express the 
belief that all those gallant souls whose ashes rest on thousands 
of battlefields, who died of disease, during the war — all those 
who have since died, and the thousands of feeble survivors 
scattered in humble homes all over the land but unable to be 
here to-day — an invisible but potential host — will march with 
the living remnant, thrilling its members with the elbow 
touch of the immortals, and tasting beyond human realiza- 
tion the ecstacy of this march of measureless triumph." 

Take back the tattered banners 

From the laughing light of day, 
In the twilight and the silence 

Lay them tenderly away ; 
You have blest them thro' the years. 
You have kissed them with your tears, 
You have rushed with them to glory 

In a rhapsody of cheers. 

Where their rainbow-beauty beckoned 

You have followed, you have stood, 
When the blood of brothers eddied 

At your feet, a purple flood — 
In the dreadful days agone. 

You have borne them on and on, 
Till the night of carnage ended 

In the splendor of the dawn. 

Every star upon those banners 

Is a blazing diadem, 
Set there by Freedom's fingers 

When she consecrated them 
In a holocaust of strife. 

As she panted for her life. 
Midst the thunder and the tumult 

Of the trumpet, drum, and fife. 

Every broken, battered staff 

Over which your flags are furled, 
Was a crutch the Nation leaned on 

As she watched the doubtin? world 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 77 

Proud in all her t|ueeny splendlor, 

Vet with loving heart and tender, 
Waiting for each holy promise 

Which the God of right might send her. 

Take back the tattered banners — 

And let not a tear drop gleam 
As you yield them to the ages 

That are moving, like a dream, 
Down the long and lighted w-ay, 

To the glad and golden day, 
Which your valor purchased for them. 

In the old, historic fray. 

Take back the tattered banners; 

Let their sisterhood of stars 
Ligbt the inner shrines of Freedom, 

Till Eternity unbars 
The fields of Asphodel, 

Where the martyred heroes dwell, 
And the symphonies seraphic 

In unending chorus swell. 

(J.A.MES Newton Matthews). 

Patriotic Societies auxiliary to, and in sympathy with, 
OUR organization. 

As I said in General Orders No. 3, "while the Grand Army, 
in the very nature of things, can have no succession as such, 
and must march on to an inevitable but glorious extinction 
through death, just as inevitably, to a very large degree, the 
Sons of Veterans will be our successors. They wdll bear our 
achievements in loving memory, and carry them along the 
generations." 

But the time is coming, if not already here, when we must 
begin to think about the property of the Grand Army of the 
Republic now belonging to Posts. I find in the report of the 
37th National Encampment that the value of such property 
at that time was $2,867,558.43. There has been no subsequent 
statement, but it is w^ell known that Posts have acquired val- 
uable real estate and other property since that time, and we 
should seriously consider what should ultimately be done with 



Yg FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

this valuable property. Of course the property belongs to in- 
dividual Posts but it is entirely proper that the National and 
Departmental organizations should act in an advisory capacity 
in relation thereto, and ic is a question whether it is not almost 
time to appoint a committee to carefully consider the whole 
subject, and the relations to be sustained in future between 
the Grand Army of the Republic, and the Woman's Relief 
Corps, the Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic, the 
Daughters of Veterans, the Sons of Veterans, and other patri- 
otic organizations. 

The Woman's Relief Corps is our only official auxiliary, but 
the other organizations are in hearty sympathy with us. From 
the Woman's Relief Corps we have received generous aid and 
comfort, they have done much to teach patriotic principles to 
the young, and the others have not been found wanting in the 
good work, while the Daughters of the American Revolution 
have done a lasting amount of good, in reviving the memory 
of the heroes of the Revolution. All of these societies have 
done and are doing a work strictly in line with one of the cardi- 
nal principles of the Grand Army of the Republic — Loyalty. 
It is to them then that we must turn "when the keepers of the 
house shall tremble, and the strong men shall bow themselves, 
because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about 
the streets. " That time we hope is distant yet many are going 
every year, and those left behind are becoming less vigorous, 
and less able to carry on the work. In many places they need 
help and need it badly, to maintain post organizations. Out- 
posts are a help and are recognized, but auxiliary, associate, 
or honorary members although tolerated, and unofficially con- 
nected with some posts, are not officially recognized. All of 
these helps should be welcomed. Our Comrades need them, 
their presence would instill new life into posts, would broaden 
and strengthen our influence, and I have no doubt that many 
a weary comrade would be placed on his feet again, and en- 
couraged in the battle of life, if those who are our friends were 
given due recognition. This, as I have already said, is a matter 
for serious thought, and if considered say by joint committees 
from all of these organizations I have no doubt that their delib- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 79 

erations would result in much benefit to our own, and all kin- 
dred organizations, creating a greater interest in the welfare of 
our comrades, and promoting the spirit of loyalty throughout 
the land. It will be readily conceded that this last is of vital 
importance to our country, when we consider the constantly 
increasing immigration to our shores every year. 

If in the fullness of time these various patriotic organizations 
should merge into one grand body, what an impulse would be 
given to the cause we have so much at heart, what results 
would accrue to our beloved country, and as a minor yet very 
important consideration, how much less it would cost to 
maintain one organization in the highest condition of effic- 
iency, than it now costs to conduct the affairs of the several 
organizations, all largely devoted to the same object. 

AA'iRz Monument. 

In the course of the last few months I have received quite 
a number of communications concerning the proposition to 
erect at or near Andersonville a monument in honor of Capt. 
Wirz, who was in charge of Andersonville Prison. 

Most of these communications were appeals addressed to me 
as Commander-in-Chief, imploring me to take steps to prevent 
the erection of such a monument, and urging me, if necessary 
to that end, to lay the matter before Congress, or to bring it to 
the attention of the President. 

Needless to sa}', the comrades thus appealing to me had 
given very little consideration to the question of the power of 
the Commander-in-Chief in this matter, or the Courts, or Con- 
gress, or the President of the United States himself. The slight- 
est research as to authority w'ould have shown them that no 
such power exists in either of the quarters named. 

Andersonville is the property of the Woman's Relief Corps 
and of course on that property no monument to Wirz will 
ever be permitted, but on the other hand there is no legal power 
in the Nation to prevent anyone so disposed from purchasing 
a plot of ground contiguous to Andersonville, and erecting 
thereon any monument thev mav desire to construct. 



80 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



The veterans of the Confederate Army are not, to any appre 
ciable degree, interested in this movement. It has its impetus 
and its force among the women of the South. I first learned 
of the movement early in the year and quietly and earnestly 
canvassed the matter with quite a number of prominent ex- 
confederates, for I recognized on the first mention thereof that 
such a matter carried out would do more to interrupt the flow 
of good feeling between the North and the South, and would 
roll back more effecti\'ely the waves of reconciliation than any 
other one matter of which the mind of man could conceive. 

At first a number of Confederates whom 1 talked with about 
the matter scouted the idea of there being any probability of 
any such thing being done. My answer to that was that I 
considered it a serious movement because their women were 
interesting themselves in it, and I had noticed that men gener- 
ally danced to the music set by the women. 

A good many of them had no hesitation in privately telling 
me that they agreed with me that the erection of the memorial 
to such a character could have no practical result except to 
smirch to a greater or less degree every memorial erected 
throughout the South to the real representatives of valor in 
the Confederate Army. 

As one who welcomes with joy every movement calculated 
to assuage the lingering pains of that mighty conflict, I depre- 
cate to the last degree any movement of the kind proposed and 
I think that it is due to ourselves, to our great organization, 
and to the truth of history, that this Encampment should 
place on record before the public at large a most forcible but 
dignified protest against any such impious shaft being per- 
mitted to raise its head towards high Heaven. 

Some of my correspondents of the gentler sex in the South 
have undertaken to justify the movement on the asserted 
ground that more Southern prisoners of war died in Northern 
prisons that there were of our comrades who died in Southern 
prisons. I am not prepared to dispute the truth of that state- 
ment, but if it be a true statement the natural inquiry arises 
"Why?" And the intelligent, complete and truthful answer 
is found in the fact that the men of the South whom we took 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 81 

prisoners were, to a large extent, in an emaciated condition 
when captured; they were poorly clad and shod. It is a fact 
most fully proclaimed in every article written from the Southern 
standpoint regarding the cost of that war, that their men fre- 
quently suffered from great scarcity or total absence of rations. 
Almost every southern writer has dealt more or less with the 
story oi a meal made from a roasted ear of com. 

These prisoners of war coming to us thus poorly nourished, 
cam^e from the sunny climate of the South to be of necessity 
exposed to the greater rigor of the severer climate of the North, 
and they sunk, many of them, into death under physical con- 
ditions which nothing could prevent. Our men on the con- 
trary who went to their death in Southern prisons entered 
them in splendid physical condition. There is no excuse before 
God or man for the fate that befell them. 

The subject is one which I deprecate extremely the necessity 
of calling to public attention. It is a matter which I would 
much have preferred that the hallowing effects of time might 
have wiped from the memory of man, but under the cir- 
cums'ances, standing where I do, I have felt it would be 
cowa c'ly not to make mention of this matter as I have. 

Pensions. 

On the subject of pensions I have practically nothing to add 
to what I communicated to the Order at large under date of 
May 7th last, in circular No. 2, when I said: When I was 
elected at Denver last September I told the Encampment that 
the will of the Order, as expressed at that meeting, would be the 
law and the lode star of my administration. At the same time 
I told you that I should not have the disposition to, figuratively 
speaking, "run my head against a stone wall." I told you 
that I was in hearty accord with the expressed desire of the 
Encampment for the service pension law, which would give $12 
per month to every survivor of the Union armies receiving less 
than that, or none at all; and also heartily in favor of the pro- 
posed amendment to the law increasing the pension of widows 
from $8 to $12 per month. At the same time I stated that there 
were three men sitting in the Encampment upon whom I should 



82 . FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

call for counsel and assistance in laying the matter properly 
before President Roosevelt. I named in that connection Gen. 
Grenville M. Dodge, of Iowa; Past Commander-in-Chief, Gen. 
John C. Black, President of the U. S. Civil Service Commission; 
and Past Commander-in-Chief Major William Warner, U. S. 
Senator from Missouri. Acting in accordance with that an- 
nounced intention, when I returned home to Washington I had 
an' interv'iew with President Roosevelt, told him as near as I 
could exactly what had been done by the Encampment, and 
what I had said to you. When I named the three men to him 
he said: "That's good; they are all good men. I suggest to 
make it four by adding Pension Commissioner Vespasian War- 
ner. " I answered that I had considered that as a matter of 
course, as I should call upon him for all the figures he could 
give bearing upon the matter. The question then was to get 
up the figures, giving what information was obtainable regard- 
ing the survivors, and the amount it would take annually to 
carry into effect the desires of the Encampment. 

Before we could arrange for a meeting of all the parties named 
with the figures before us, time had run away, until it was the 
night of the 19th of January, when we were all assembled in 
the parlors of Commissioner Warner. The figures we had be- 
fore us showed that to increase to $12 per month the pensions 
of those of our comrades already on the roll, under the general 
law, at rates ranging from $4 per month up to Si 1 .75 per month, 
would take $2,865,456,84. To do the same by those who are 
on the roll under the act of June 27, 1890, at rates ranging from 
$6 per month to $11.50 per month, would take $12,517,734.00. 
To increase to $12 per month the pensions of widows on the 
roll under the general law, at the rate of either $8 or $10 per 
month would take $107,280, and to increase the pensions of 
widows on the roll under the act of June 27, 1890, at the rate 
of either $8 or $10 per month, would take $8,243,256, making 
a total required to put all those on the roll at less than $12 
per month, up to $12 per month, of $23,733,726.84. This, 
bear in mind, would be the annual cost to the Treasury of the 
United States, and does not take into consideration any of 
those who have not as yet gone upon the pension roll at all. ' 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 83 

We estimated that there were survivors not on the pension 
roll to the number of 136,000 men. We also estimated that of 
those it was safe to say that 75,000 would apply, and this would 
add to the above-named amount of 23 millions and odd dollars 
$10,800,000, so that the closest figuring we could do showed 
that to carry out the wishes of the Encampment would involve 
an annual expenditure by the Treasury Department of $34,- 
533,726.84. 

With the knowledge before us that there was at that time 
a small deficit in the Treasury — in other words, at that time 
the receipts of the Government were not equal to its expenses — 
the conclusion was forced upon everv^ one of us that it was 
futile to go before Congress and ask to have the amount of 
over 34 millions of dollars added in a lump to the annual ex- 
penses of the Government. We had sat down that night with 
the satisfaction of knowing, through Pension Commissioner 
Warner, that that day the Committee on Appropriations of 
the House of Representatives had agreed to an amendment 
to the general appropriation bill, which w^ould put into statutory 
law w^hat we have come to know as the "Age Order," made 
by President Roosevelt. While there was no fear of any re- 
versal of that order while he sits in the White House, still it 
stood only as a presidential order, and any president who fol- 
lowed him could of course reverse the order, much to the dis- 
appointment of our old comrades. 

We had the further satisfaction of knowing that the Com- 
mittee had also agreed to an amendment to the law under 
which, w^hen under the Age Order a comrade went to the pen- 
sion roll at 62 years of age, or an^v'Avhere above it, that there- 
after when he reached, for instance, the age of 65 years or 68 
or 70 years, he would by mere reason of that fact go up at 65 
to $8 per month, at 68 to SlO, and at 70 to Sl2 per month, 
the limit of the law. 

We found that there had been a general belief that such a 
condition of things did exist, but such was not a fact, as the 
statutory law as it then stood provided that prior to an increase 
of pension there must be a medical examination by the Pension 



84 FORTIETH AXXUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Board of Medical Examiners, and of course no presidential 
order could obviate the requirements of the statutory law. 

Thus you see by these amendments, promised that day by 
the Committee on Appropriations, representing both political 
elements in Congress, we at once achieved practically an Age 
service pension. 

With these amendments in force during the ensuing year 
we all realized, and the expression was unanimous, that what 
has come to be known as the "Unknown army" (which under 
a general service pension law would be applying for pensions, 
and which in almost every instance is estimated to be much 
larger in number than we believe it will prove to be) would be 
so far exhausted in the coming year, by the operation of these 
amendments, that we could easily show a year from now that 
it would not take anywhere near 34 milhon dollars per annum, 
which would be required now to put the desires of our comrades 
into effect. 

We had an appointment with President Roosevelt for 1 1 
o'clock next day, and when the time came he ' 'cleared the deck, ' 
so to speak, and gave us free hearing. We had to tell him, 
and did tell him, fully of all our deliberations and the conclu- 
sions we had reached, which were that while we felt that it 
was useless to ask Congress at the present time to enact legis- 
lation which would add 34 millions to the annual expenses of 
the Government, we also felt that conditions would be so nmch 
more favorable one year from then that we should be on hand 
when the year should have passed, to then unanimously urge 
the enactment of the service pension law, and the increase for 
widows endorsed by the Encampment at Denver, and should 
ask his powerful support at that time. He assured us that it 
would be his great pleasure to do whatever he possibly could 
within reasonable limits to meet our desires. 

I can but call your attention to the fact that each one of 
the distinguished comrades who met with me on that occasion 
united in the conclusions we reached. If we erred you will 
easily concede that it was error on the part of men every pulsa- 
tion of whose hearts was in favor of the largest benefit to our 
comrades, and the widows of those who are dead. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 85 

I then found myself confronted with a personal responsibility 
as Commander-in-Chief. I at once communicated with every 
member of the National Pension Committee, enjoining them 
to secrecy for the time being, because at that time, as stated, 
the amendments had simply been promised by the Committee 
on Appropriations. I am happy to say that the Committee 
kept faith, unanimously reporting the amendments to the 
House, and both the House and the Senate passed them, and 
they are now the law of the land. It was evident to me that 
it would be useless to have our Committee on Pensions go to 
Washington, and I so advised, but at the same time I notified 
the Chairman thereof. Rev. Bernard Kelly, of Kansas, that if 
he or his committee differed with that view of it he had full 
power to call the Committee together in Washington any time 
he saw fit. I told him in the same communication that I real- 
ized, by the course that we had felt constrained to pursue, that 
I must of necessity relieve the Committee on Pensions from all 
responsibility at this meeting, and take the whole of it upon 
my own official shoulders. I do so now, and have only to say 
to you, my Comrades, that in what we have done, and in the 
course we have taken, we have acted according to our best 
lights. I come to Minneapolis to render an account of my 
stew^ardship with the full knowledge that while we are not able 
to report very much accomplished in the matter of pensions, 
we are at least able to report quite a step taken forward towards 
securing the desires of our comrades. 

In the light of these occurrences I certainly have no disposi- 
tion to recommend anything except a strenuous campaign dur- 
ing the next session of Congress in favor of a service pension 
bill drawn on the lines we have so unanimously endorsed for 
the past three years. 

In connection with this subject the following letter recently 
received from our comrade, the Hon. Vespasian Warner, Com- 
missioner of Pensions, will be found of interest. 



-86 fortieth annual encampment 

Department of the Interior, 
Bureau of Pensions, 
Washington, July 18, 1906. 

Hon. James Tanner, 

Commander-in-Chief, G. A. R., 

Kendall Building, Washington, D. C. 

My Dear Mr. Tanner: I have your letter of the 13th instant, request- 
ing information as to recent legislation by Congress of general interest to 
soldiers in the matter of pensions, and such statistics as may be available, 
showing the number of pensions granted for the fiscal year, ended June 
30, 1906, and other data similar to that furnished to your predecessor last 
year, for use in making up your annual report. 

In reply, I have the honor to state that in the Act making appropria- 
tions for the payment of pensions, approved April 24, 1906, Congress pro- 
vided "that the age of sixty-two years and over shall be considered a per- 
manent specific disability within the meaning of the pension laws." 

The effect of this legislation is to fix the legal status of the "Age Order" 
(Order No. 78), and when a claim for increase is based upon age alone, it 
saves the claimant the trouble and expense of a medical examination, 
besides saving the government the expense of such examinations. It 
also benefits the claimant in that it allows the increase on account of age 
to commence from the date of filling the application, instead of the date 
of medical examination, as provided in Section 4,698j, Revised Statutes. 

Order No. 78 has been in operation for a little more than two years and 
you may be interested in noting the results accomplished under the order. 

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1906, the number of allowances 
made under said order was as follows : 

Originals 4,747 

Increases 18,881 

Total 23,628 

The total number of allowances under Order No. 78 from the date when 
the order took effect, April 13, 1904, to June 30, 1906, was as follows, viz: 

Originals 21 042 

Increases OS 198 

Total 89,240 

I send you a copy of joint resolution approved June 28, 1906, amending 
Section 2 of joint resolution of July 1, 1902, construing the Act of June 27, 
1890. As said resolution has been in effect but a few weeks, it can not be 
estimated to what extent it affects its beneficiaries. 

No further general legislation of interest to pensioners was enacted. 

Diu-ing the fiscal year ended June 30, 1906, there were issued 136,905 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 87 

pension certificates. Of these 33,642 were issued to persons who had not 
previously been pensioned. 

During the same year there, were filed 201,322 applications of all kinds 
for pension or increase of pension. 

Until the reports of the eighteen Pension Agents are received and con- 
solidated, it is not practicable to furnish you with further data. 

Sincerely yours, 
V. WARNER, 
Commissioner of Pensions. 

(Public Resolution — No. 39.) 

Joint Resolution Amending section two of joint resolution approved 
July first, nineteen hundred and two, construing the Act of June twenty- 
seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety, and for other purposes. 
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of 
America in Congress assemk'ed, That section two of joint resolution ap- 
proved July first, nineteen hundred and two, be amended to read as follows: 

"Sec. 2. That in the administration of the pension laws any enlisted 
man or commissioned officer of the Army, including regulars, volunteers, 
and militia, or any appointed or enlisted man or commissioned officer of 
the Navy or Marine Corps, who was honorably discharged from any subse- 
quent contract of services entered into by him during the late war of the 
rebellion, shall be held and considered to have been honorably discharged 
from all previous contracts of service as commissioned officer or enlisted 
man previously entered into by him with the United States during said 
war : Provided, That such enlisted or appointed man or commissioned offi- 
cer served not less than six months under any subsequent enlistment, ap- 
pointment, or commission; that his entire service under any said subse- 
quent enlistment, appointment, or commission was faithful, and that he 
did not receive by reason of said enlistment, appointment, or commission 
any bounty or gratuity other than from the United States in excess of that 
to which he would have been entitled if he had continued to serve faith- 
fully until honorably discharged under any contract of service previously, 
entered into by him, either in the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps, during 
the war of the rebellion. " 

Approved, June 28, 1906. 

Forcible Retirement of Comrades from thePublic Service 

Many of you are familiar with the fact that about the middle 
of March last, great apprehension was suddenly caused in the 
minds of all of our comrades in the public service because of a 
movement, emanating from the House Committee on Appro- 
priations, looking to the forcible retirement and final expulsion 
from the public service of certain of our comrades holding posi- 



88 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

tions therein. I confess that in all the years which have elapsed 
since the close of the great war no movement directed against 
the interests of our comrades has so startled and shocked me 
as this movement. did. It came from an entirely unexpected 
quarter. It seemed at first, as it was presented on the floor of 
Congress, to be the unanimous expression of the sentiment of 
that committee; but almost immediately we learned that our 
comrade and Past Junior Vice Commander-in-Chief, Congress- 
man Warren J. Keifer, of Ohio, had protested against it in 
committee, as he himself stated ' 'almost to the point of break- 
ing personal friendship," and he made good his protest after- 
wards on the floor of the House at a vital moment. Other 
comrades were members of that committee, but if they objected 
at all to the assault no knowledge of their objection has reached 
me. The chairman of that committee, Hon. Jas. A. Tawney, 
Member of Congress from Minnesota, was, I am informed, a 
boy eight years of age when the battle of Gettysburg was fought, 
and was living at the time eight miles from the scene of the con- 
flict, so for three days his boyish ears must have been filled with 
the roar of the guns of the hosts contending on the historic 
spot where the tide of rebellion reached its high-water mark. 

As this proposition was presented, there would ultimately 
become involved in it the interests of all comrades holding 
public positions an>^vhere the country over. I at once sum- 
moned a number of comrades in consultation, included among 
whom were such members of our Committee on Legislation as 
were immediately available, and I hereby make public acknowl- 
edgment of valuable assistance and suggestions received from 
many of them, but particularly from Comrades Ivory G. Kimball 
Washington, D. C, Geo. H. Patrick, of Alabama, and Past 
Commander-in-Chief John R. King, of Maryland. One result 
following was the preparation of a communication addressed 
to j\Ir. Tawney, as follows : 

March 13, 1906. 
Hon. James A. Tawney, 

Chairman, Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, 
Washington' D. C. 
My Dear Mr. Tawney: In the report of the House Committee on Ap- 
propriations submitting the legislative and judicial appropration bill 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 89 

(Report No. 2,171, current session dated March 9, 1900), occurs the follow- 
ing under the caption "Limitations with respect to the appropriations 
made in the bill and not heretofore imposed are recommended as follows:" 
"Sec. 8. After June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and six, there 
shall not be employed in any Executive Department or other Govern- 
ment establishment in the District of Columbia any person in the 
classified service who is sixty-five years of age and under sixty-eight 
years of age at a rate of annual compensation exceeding one thousand 
four hundred dollars, or who is sixty-eight years of age and under 
seventy years of age at a rate of annual compensation exceeding one 
thousand two hundred dollars, or who is over seventy years of age at 
a rate of annual compensation exceeding eight hundred and forty 
dollars; and after June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and thirteen, no 
person in the classified service shall be continued in the employment 
of any such Executive Department or other Government establish- 
ment (*) who has attained seventy years of age," (* The words "In 
the District of Columbia," omitted here, and not, to judge from the 
context, because of any scarcity of ink.) 
So far as indicated by anything in the report, this recommendation 
came from the full committee, yet were the same rule to be applied to 
those in high as well as low places three members of your committee would 
have been debarred from signmg it, the distinguished Speaker of the House, 
so active that many people fear he must be reckoned with in 1908, would 
have to withhold his approval unless you hurry the bill through before 
May 7th, while of the thirteen members of the Senate Committee on Ap- 
propriations, who have the last guess at this bill, east of the White House, 
whose average age is 67, all but four, two Democrats and two Republicans, 
and they by a tight squeeze, would be excused from consideration of your 
automatic "time register," upon its arrival at the northern wing of the 
Capitol. A whole lot of people have been having trouble concerning time 
registers, and the like, lately. It has been handed down to me since before 
I began to read that "he who is faithful in a few things shall be ruler over 
many," but you reverse all this and enact that the aged man may do great 
things but shall not be a hewer of wood nor a drawer of water. I think 
you'd better take water on this proposition, respecting which I have a few- 
earnest words to say to you. 

The operation of the proposed penalty for loyal and faithful service 
would fall so heavily upon those who bore the burden of the battle in the 
Union army that I must treat it as if they were the sole beneficiaries. j^It 
is for them, my comrades, I speak. I am indisposed to shirk this duty I 
owe to them, and could not if I would. They stood with me when to stand 
meant victory then, that the Congress of the United States should meet 
ever since, and noii' in Washington instead of Richmond ; that the stars 
and stripes should float forever and a day over all, emblematic of a united, 
prosperous, happy country. I venture to say that you won't find a Con- 



90 FORTIETH ANNUAL EN'CAMPMENT 

federate soldiet behind your bill. Only this moment I endorsed an earnest 
request to our soldier President to honor a Confederate Brigadier whom 
your proposed "limitation" would remove from the waiting list, because 
when having the power to demote or discharge a large number of my com- 
rades he placed his resignation in the hands of his superior if a single one of 
them was to be disturbed. They are holding down the same desks to-day, 
with exceptional ability, too, and a delegation of them has just left me filled 
with the gratitude common to all but Republics. 

To a proposition that shall provide for a fair reduction when in individual 
cases, by the deterioration of his mental or physical faculties, a man is 
incapacitated for measuring up to the. full requirements of the service 
I have no objection to present; but that condition is as amply provided for 
by existing law as you can make it. The Departments now have power to 
demote or discharge for incapactiy or any other cause, or for no cause, a 
power, reviewable by no tribunal, that for a century and a quarter has been 
absolute. Under it old men and young are daily being assigned, both by 
promotion and reduction, to the duties for which best fitted. You pro- 
pose that the alms-house alone shall be the veteran's refuge in life, and 
perhaps, after you've kicked him out to "rattle his bones over the stones, " 
will deny him burial in consecrated ground, close against him the gates 
of Arlington. 

When you make a rule, arbitrary as this one would be, taking no account 
of the preservation of faculties and the ability to do full service more valu- 
able to the Government by reason of long years of experience, I have seri- 
ous objection to it; and when I consider this legislation with reference to 
my comrades of the Union army I have a most positive protest to register 
in advance to the consummation of the wrong. 

According to the best estimate we can make, 750,000 of the Union army 
are now living. Providence has blessed these men with a vast aggregation 
of sons and sons-in-law, and I cannot be far out of the way when I assert 
that the survivors of the "vanishing army" and their allied domestic rela- 
tions aggregate nearly, or quite, five million adults in this land. Few of 
this number but, directy or indirectly, would be affected by the proposed 
legislation. Many, it is true, only remotely, but as to the veteran and his 
wife and dependents the reduction and dismissal from wage earning work, 
not because of any lessening of wage earning capacity, but because the old 
man of to-day was born long enough ago to have helped save his country 
in his country's hour of need, comes directly home, so the humiliation will 
be felt by his children and his children's children so long as history endures. 

My dear Mr. Chairman, there is a dead line in legislation respecting the 
Saviours of the Nation as perfectly marked as at Andersonville, beyond 
which no enemy may go. Let me beg you to pause before you attempt 
to cross it under the belief that the sentry is asleep, and to have only words 
of praise for the bridge that many times and oft has carried you to safety, 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 91 

and, like the belfry in the market place of Bruges, "Thrice burned down 
and thrice rebuilded, still watches o'er the town. " 

You may pass this unjust, cruel, monstrous law while the stars remain 
in the flag and the memories of men and women are not stricken with paresis 
but before yon do I hope yon' 11 hear W'hitcomb Riley recite "Good Bye, 
Jim, tek keer o' yourself !" 

The sage Epictetus once remarked that man never does an unusual act 
without a motive. What, I pray you, is behind this mysterious attack 
upon the Union Veteran at this particular juncture in affairs? It cannot 
be from any supposed necessity, because, as I have shown, the departments 
now possess ample authority to prune for incapacity. Is it the copperhead 
-section of the effete east allied to the few western places into which its 
overflow has wandered? Is it the abnormal, ghoulish greed of young and 
^comparative incapacity which sighs for dead men's shoes? Is it playing 
politics with existing law and conditions? Is it retaliation for the jnst 
and humane order that age should be considered a ratable disability in 
adjusting pensions? Then you're hitting the wrong man, although you 
could'nt hurt him worse than over the shoulders of the helpless Veteran. 
If because the victims of this legislation are nearly all Union Veterans, if 
they are the real and only objective, and because of their services, why not 
come out in the open and say so, or else that it is not your meaning 
by exempting them? Is it the dandruff from the sore heads of 1903? I 
have exhausted the list of possible explanations. 

When the victorious columns of Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan marched 
down Pennsylvania Avenue in 1865 they found, swung across from the 
Treasury, a great banner bearing the legend: "The only debt the country 
can never repay noriorget is the debt it owes its defenders." Was this 
""Lest we forget." 

On March 3, 1S65, almost 41 years to a day from the action of your com - 
mittee, when every nerve in this country was stretched to the breaking, 
and every man and fragrant of a man able to hold a gun was encouraged, 
even impressed, to hold it, when the whole world wondered if the pendulum 
would swing back again, the Congress at Washington adopted the following 
joint resolutions, now enacted into the Revised Statutes, viz: 

"Sec. 1754. Persons honorably discharged from the military or 
naval services by reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness 
incurred in line of duty, shall be preferred for appointments to civil 
offices, provided they are found to possess the business capacity neces- 
sary for the proper discharge of the duties of such offices. " 

"Sec. 1755. In grateful recognition of the service, sacrifices and 
sufferings of persons honorably discharged from the miUtary and 
naval service of the country, by reason of wounds, disease, or of the 
expiration of terms of enlistment, it is respectfully recommended to 
bankers, merchants, manufacturers, mechanics, farmers, and persons 
engaged in industrial pursuits, to give them the preference for appoint- 
ment to remunerative situations and employment." 



92 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

There was an implied promise in this that no citizen would dare to dis- 
regard if made in his private business, and because of it perhaps, more 
than any other one cause, a million men went home from the field of war 
to the quiet, every day pursuits of peace, without disturbance or excite- 
ment. A grateful people, grateful then, promised even the disabled work 
and pay; you cast out the hale and halt alike; condemn the soldier for liv- 
ing — until now. 

March 3, 1903, there was taken from the House Committee on Reform 
in the Civil Service, of which Mr. Gillett, of Massachusetts, now of your 
committee, was chairman, and against his vigorous protest, the only meas- 
ure so honored during the late lamented Speaker Henderson's term, a bill 
to amend Sec. 1,754 R. S., supra, so as to apply its provisions to all honor- 
ably discharged soldiers and sailors, both in the matter of appointment and 
retention in civil offices and employments. Under suspension of the rules 
this bill was passed by an overwhelming majority of the House and sent 
to the Senate, where it failed by reason only of the confusion attending 
the closing hours of the session; but it marked the sentiment of the House 
of the 57th Congress. 

Chapter 287, Act approved August 15, 1876, p. 120, vSup. R. S., reads: 
"xxx Provided that in making any reduction of force in any of the 
Executive Departments the head of such department shall retain those 
persons, who may be equally qualified, who have been honorably dis- 
charged from the military or naval service of the United States, and 
the widows and orphans of deceased soldiers and sailors." 

With the following all of us are familiar: 

EXECUTIVE ORDER. 

"The attention of the Departments is hereby>called to the provis- 
ions of the laws giving preference to veterans in appointment and 
retention. 

"The President desires that whenever the needs of the service will 
justify it, and the laws will permit, perference shall be given alike in 
appointment and retention to honorably discharged veterans of the 
Civil War who are fit and qualified to perform the duties of the places 
which they seek or are filling.' ' 

Theodore Roosevelt. 

"White House, January 17, 1902." 

When you reflect that all of the above statutes. Executive Orders and 
long practice would be repealed by your proposed Section 8, I think you'll 
not charge me with extravagance in characterizing the introduction thereto 
in your report, "Limitations not heretofore imposed," as about the mildest 
mannered expression ever used to scuttle the ship of state. 

This letter is, of course, you understand, wholly impersonal; I happen 
to be the official representative of my comrades, as are you of the powerful 
committee that, Hke "the hand that rocks the world," dominates the 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 93 

affairs of the nation. I write not in anger, but in deep sorrow, for it is my 
country and my comrades, with whom I've so long touched elbows, in whose 
name this great wrong is being done. They counted not the cost in the 
days of their youth, health and strength; now they're almost at the turn 
of the tide, nearly all in. For years they have given to the Government in 
civil life the same earnest, hard working, faithful, loyal service that they 
gave in time of war; for years and years to come their very experience will 
be of incalculable value. Your bill makes their superior competency an 
absolute disqualification because of the years taken to acquire it. In the 
civil service, as in the army or navy, it is the "man behind the gun" upon 
whom we lean most heavily; who fights the battle; who does the things 
that get into general orders under someone's else name; but "what would 
we do without him?" 

This subject is one which, by the very emphasis of our declining years 
stands closer to the representatives of "the vanishing army" than any 
other obligation on earth, except to our God and country. I shall be par- 
doned, therefore, I am sure, for speaking long and feelingly. 

Our comrades in the Government service are, by the circumstances of 
their positions, powerless to defend themselves. I beg you to speak for, 
instead of against, if you cannot leave them alone. 

With assurance of my distinguished consideration, 

I have the honor to be. Very truly your obedient servant. 

JAMES TANNER, 

Commander-in-Chief, G. A. R. 

I gave this communication to the press the same day that I 
sent it to Mr. Tawney. The press gave it wide pubHcity. Mr. 
Tawney never made any sign showing that he had received it. 
Our able and indefatigable comrade, Hon. Joseph A. Goulden, 
of New York, in the course of an earnest speech deliyered on 
the floor of the House on the 30th of last March, in defense of 
our ageing and aged comrades, said : "I am opposed to section 
8 of the pending bill, as contrary to the practice and custom 
of this government from its foundation to the present time, 
unless a service pension bill is provided for those who have 
passed the so-called 'age limit,'" and he added, "if this propo- 
sition becomes law, or is ever seriously considered, it should 
exempt the brave men who so loyally served their country in 
the days of 1861 to 1865, and in the w^ar with vSpain. " He 
included my letter in his remarks, and it was printed in full in 
the Congressional Record of that date. 



94 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Some extreme measures were foreshadowed and prepared 
for ; for I say to you here now, as I said to some of you in your 
Department encampments, that when I am in a fight, and feel 
that my cause is not only just, but desperate, I will fight with 
anv weapon that God will let me lav my hands on. Mr. Tawney 
saw some light. Perhaps it was the forceful, unanimous pro- 
test which reached hirn from the comrades of the Department 
of Minnesota, then in annual encampment assembled ; perhaps 
it was this action of Minnesota joined with other matters; 
anyhow a semi-official announcement was made in the Wash- 
ington press on behalf of his committee, to the effect that if a 
point of order was raised on the floor of the House against Sec- 
tion 8 of the appropriation bill, which was the one we were 
concerned in, they (the committee) would make no opposition 
to its going out. Comrade Keifer was prompt to make the 
point of order, the matter went out, and until the next session 
of Congress, at least, our comrades are secure. 

In this connection particular attention is called to the able 
report of the Committee on Legislation for Veterans in the Public 
Service, and to the valuable tables of statistics hereto annexed 
which were prepared by the Civil Service Commission, of which 
our Past Commander-in-Chief, Comrade John C. Black, is Presi- 
dent. 

Thanks. 

The Commander-in-Chief, especially if he lives in Washing- 
ton, is bound to receive a vast amount of mail relating to pen- 
sion cases before the Bureau. In this connection my adminis- 
tration has received every possible consideration at the hands 
of the present most able and efficient Commissioner, Comrade 
Vespasian Warner, and his two splendid assistants. Comrades 
James L. Davenport and Leverett M. Kelley. 

In the person of our Comrade Warner, we have a Commis- 
sioner, who, himself possessing a fine war record, has a heart 
full of desire to administer to our comrades every measure of 
justice the letter and the spirit of the law will permit. I named 
both of the Assistant Commissioners as Aides on my Staff, tell- 
ing them frankly that it was meant not only as a compliment. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 95 

but far more, as a matter which would call for earnest and con- 
tinued effort on their part Accepting their commissions in 
that spirit, they have most nobly fulfilled the trust reposed 
in them. 

To Comrade Grenville M. Dodge, of Iowa, the organization 
and myself are under obligations for courtesies received from 
some of the railroads of the country, which could have been 
obtained through no other source, and for the same in your 
name, as well as my own, I thank him. 

When I come to speak of the Officials of the Order for the 
year just closing, I should be embarrassed if I ventured upon 
much discrimination. From one end of the roll to the other, 
they have done their duty, and the present fine condition of 
the Order is their best endorsement. 

To that splendid organizer and man of affairs. Senior Vice 
Commander-in-Chief George W. Cook, I have only words of 
gratitude for timely counsel and advice; he has never failed 
me when I have turned to him for aid. 

Junior Vice Commander-in-Chief, Silas H. Towler, has been 
of the greatest help in the multifarious duties connected with 
the preparatory work for the coming Encampment in his home 
city. 

Surgeon General Hugo Philler has been earnest and conscien- 
tious in the performance of the duties of his office. Always 
prompt, his was the first annual report received. 

Chaplain-in-Chief, J. F. Leary, who ceased from his labors on 
February 21, 1906, was wise in counsel, steadfast in doing good ; 
his successor Rev. Jesse Cole of Iowa, has taken up the work 
of Chaplain-in-Chief, and fullv merits the good opinion of his 
comrades as exemplified by the large vote given him at the last 
Encampment. 

W^hen you provided at Denver for the position of National 
Patriotic Instructor, there was no chance for hesitancy as to 
who should first fill that important position. Seven years of 
earnest, unselfish work on that line pointed at once to Comrade 
Allan C. Bakewell, of New York. With his appointment I 
gave him carte blanche to use my signature in any way he chose 
in furtherance of his work. I knew my man and I was not dis 



g,3 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

appointed. Whatever of approval is due for what has been 
done in that Hne, and I am happy in the belief that much good 
has been accomplished, the credit is due to him. 

Inspector General, IM. J. Cummings, has faithfully discharged 
every duty of his position, and whenever called upon for other 
work, has most cheerfully responded. 

The funds of the Order have been carefully safeguarded by 
Quartermaster General Battles, who has been ably and faith- 
fully assisted by Assistant Quartermaster General Holcomb, 
of Pennsylvania, the custodian.of our supplies. 

The high character and eminent legal attainments of Judge 
Advocate General Charles A. Clark, as demonstrated by long 
years of success at the bar and on the bench, were ample guar- 
antee to all that the duties of his ofBce would be performed in 
the splendid manner which has been demonstrated during the 
year. Learned in the law, wise and considerate in his demon- 
stration thereof, the questions which have come to him for his 
consideration have been decided in a spirit of exact justice in 
full accord with the requirements of all law and precedent. 

Assistant Adjutant General, William P. Rogers, coming 
actively into connection with the Grand Army after a career 
which, starting in the dark days of the Civil War, ere its close 
left him with an empty sleeve, but who still continuing in the 
service, came through the years until finally when that period of 
life came to him which under the law made his retirement man- 
datory, found him with a brigadier's star on his shoulder, still 
standing for the Flag in the Philippines, has been ready and 
willing at all times through the year to assist this Order, in 
whose associations he rejoices, and who himself under the shad- 
ow of a great personal sorrow, has always been ready with wise 
counsel and efficient service. 

For my Chief Aide, Major Frank A. Butts, I could have but 
words of highest praise. Zealous in service, loyal in friendship, 
intensely interested always for the good of the Order, his year 
in olRce will long be remembered by him as one of the most 
strenuous of many in his life. 

In its history the Grand Army of the Republic has much to 
congratulate itself upon, owing to the calibre of men who have 



X 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 97 

served it as Adjutants General. Among the Commanders-in 
Chief, I stand in the front rank of those, who by reason of 
devoted, intelHgent, incessant service and undving zeal for the 
Order, have been under obligations to their Adjutant Generals. 
How efficient John Tweedale has been in this position, you who 
are familiar with the office, can easily judge. How absolutely 
I have leaned upon him, especially in the recent past, many 
of you can imagine, but few can realize. He has been a tower 
of service and strength, and I frankly acknowledge my utter 
bankruptcy in power of expression to convey to you my appre- 
ciation of his devoted service. 

Departmental Visits. 

During my term of office it has been my privilege to attend 
twenty department encampments and to appear eight times in 
six other departments on occasions of prominent interest to the 
Grand Army of the Republic. Had it been possible it would 
have been my great pleasure to have visited quite a number 
of the other encampments, but so many of them fixing upon 
similar dates, made it absolutely impossible. To do this in- 
volved 26,398 miles of travel and naturally a great deal of 
physical effort and fatigue, but for myself I hold the compen- 
sation to have been ample therefor. 

During the winter it was my privilege to be present with the 
Departments of the Potomac, Massachusetts, Rhode Island 
and Vermont during their encampments. I made up my mind 
when elected that whatever I might deprive myself of in the way 
of the pleasure involved in visiting the larger departments, 
that I would make it a point to visit as many of the smaller 
ones as possible. This determination caused me to turn my 
steps southward during the month of April and from then on to 
the 27th of June, it was my privilege to meet the comrades in 
the encampments of Tennessee, Georgia and South Carolina, 
Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi, Texas, New Mexico, Utah, 
Nebraska, Illinois, Indi?.na, Iowa, Kansas, Wisconsin, Michigan, 
South Dakota, and North Dakota. Every where I went I was 
agreeablv surprised to find the zeal, interest, and intelligent 
action exhibited. 



98 FORTIETH ANNUAI< ENCAMPMENT 

In the south I found that our comrades are well to the front 
in holding up the honor and character of the Grand Army and 
commanding to the great degree they do the respect and esteem 
of those among whom they reside. Outside of my own obser\-a- 
tion, my authority for this statement comes from the lips of 
the citizens in those various localities, many of whom served 
in the Confederate Army. 

I have no doubt that any Commander-in-Chief of the Grand 
Army, covering the same territory in his official travels would 
be received with great courtesy, but one thing I am sure of and 
that is that it never has been and never will be the fortune of 
any of my predecessors or of my successors in this position to be 
received with more universal kindness and courtesy not only 
by our comrades, but also by the veterans of the Gray, their 
wives and daughters. 

In the City of New Orleans, our encampment was held just 
prior to the assembling of the national meeting of the Confed- 
erate Veterans. On the night preceding my departure for the 
Texas Encampment, I was the guest of honor at a dinner given 
me by leading members of the Confederate Organization. 
Among those at that dinner was Lieutenant General Stephen 
D. Lee, Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate Veterans, who 
gave me a very cordial invitation, and indeed urged me to delay, 
if only for the first day of their encampment, and to address 
their assemblage. I regretfully answered him that my duty 
to our comrades, who were about to assemble in Texas, and 
that alone, prevented me from accepting his most courteous 
invitation. 

Immediately following the Texas Encampment at Dallas, 
I was tendered a reception by Sterling Price Camp of Confeder- 
ate Veterans with all of my comrades there present included 
in the invitation, and cordially accepting the compliment, en- 
joyed a most agreeable evening. They urged me very strongly 
to extend my stay over the following Sunday and to address 
their citizens on that day in their cemetery, when they were 
going to hold their Memorial Day services, but again I had to 
decline the proffered compliment because my engagements 
beckoned me ahead. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 99 

It would be manifestly unjust and indeed impossible for me to 
undertake to discriminate among the encampments I attended, 
even if I had any disposition to gauge the degrees of their hos- 
pitality. It was a soldier's welcome to a comrade with a gen- 
erous rivalry as to which could do the most to testify the pleas- 
ure they felt'. 

While the limit of my possibilities of attending encampments 
was to be reached at Bismarck, N. D., on the 27th of June, 
there had come to me various earnest letters from Montana, 
from Idaho, Washington, and Oregon, saying that while they 
recognized, owing to the conjunction of dates that it would 
be impossible for m^e to attend their encampments, they begged 
to call my attention to their claim, which I think is a true one, 
that there are more veterans of the Civil War living in the north- 
west who are outside of the membership of our Order, than in 
any other section of the country, and that if I would only grant 
them some time and come among them and, as they expressed 
it, "hit the high places, " they would show me some great gath- 
erings of veterans at which they, thought the presence of the 
Comm.ander-in-Chief could but be a benefit to the Order at 
large. So dates were fixed and engagements made to visit our 
comrades at Helena, Butte, Coeur d'Alene, Spokane, Tacoma, 
Seattle, Vancouver and Portland. 

It was a beautiful morning on that 29th of June when we 
landed on the platform at Helena. My impaired physical con- 
dition making it absolutely necessary that I should have some 
arm always in touch, my wife had elected to be that one, and 
had accompanied me on all my journeyings. From Bozeman, 
from Anaconda, from Butte, from over the mountains and out 
of the mountain sides, the comrades had gathered to welcome 
us in the full measure of their splendid hospitality. They had 
made large plans for our entertainment. 

You know what occurred. We toured the city and its vicinity 
in most congenial company. A bright sky overhead, magni- 
ficent scenery greeting the eye at every point, accompanied by 
her who forty years before had joined her life to mine, and who 
in all those forty years had been such a guide and counselor as 
few men have been blessed with, she, in the calm serenity of 



JQQ FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

the Indian Summer of her life, radiant in health and spirits 
every bit as fair to my old eyes in her crown of whitened hair, 
as she had looked on our wedding morn in her raven tresses— 
what wonder the world looked fair and radiant to me one in- 
stant! Then the fatal crash— as out of the sky, leaped the 
Angel of Death, and in a few moments I realized that my in- 
dividual world lay in a wreck and ruin, not equalled by that 
which crushed me at Bull Run. It was a great soul that passed 
to God that afternoon ! True to her own heroic self, mortally 
wounded though she was, the first thought in her heart, the 
first cry from her lips was, not of herself, but found expression 
in the words, "Are yoti hurt ? ' ' 

God was merciful in the end, and without so very much 
physical pain her soul was released. Then there came to me 
a knowledge impossible for one to obtain under less agonizing 
circumstances of the full measure of comradeship. God grant 
that none of you may ever come to the realization of it except 
from speculative imagination! No lips were ever moulded 
capable of expressing the debt of obligation I feel towards the 
great and sympathetic hearts that gathered around me in those 
awful hours, when the world seemed rocking under me. For the 
countless kindnesses which to some degree brightened the gloom 
of the journey of that terrible home-coming, my pulsing heart 
is unable to throb a sufficiency of thanks. 

Over the casket containing her mortal remains, the Comrades 
of Montana had tenderly placed the Stars and Stripes she loved 
so well, and for the honor of which she had labored so wisely 
and so effectively on many lines, together with their Department 
and State Banner. Needless, I trust to say, they are treasured 
in my household as sacred mementos, and will be long after I 
am dust and ashes. 

Through the kindly consideration of President Roosevelt 
she was laid to rest in Arlington in an atmosphere of patriotism 
of which she was fully worthy. 

Many of you, my Comrades, have trod the "wine press of 
sorrow" and reahzed the crushing effect of such a blow. But 
I rally to this thought, namely, that if the lips, now silent for- 
ever, could speak once more they would voice to me the in- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 101 

junction not to wrap myself in a mantle of fruitless sorrow, 
but rather to spend myself in even more strenuous efiforts in the 
future for the helping of our needy comrades than it has been 
my privilege to indulge in in the past. To that I pledge myself. 



In Memoriam. 

J. C. Linehan, Past Department Commander, New Hampshire, 

Sept. 19, 1905. 
Ivan N. Walker Past Commander-in-Chief, Sept. 22, 1905. 
S. P. Knight, Dept. Cal. & Nev., Nat'l. A. D. C, Oct. 31, 1905, 
Isaac Eckstein, Dept., New York,Nat'l, A. D. C, Nov. 26, 1905. 
Thos. G. Sample, Nat'l, C. of A., Pennsylvania, Dec. 3, 1905. 
Thos. M. Kenny, Dept. Maryland, Nat'l. A. D. C, Dec. 3, 1905. 
Clement Ballinger, Dept.New Jersey,Nat'l.A.D.C.,Dec. 6, 1905. 
Samuel T. Walters, Dept. Pennsylvania, Nat'l. A. D. C, Feb. 3, 

1906. 
J. F. Leary, Chaplain-in-Chief, February 10, 1906. 
John Eckel, Dept. Pennsylvania, Nat'l. A. D. C, Feb. 15, 1906. 
Philip Franz Dept. New York, Nat'l. A. D. C, Feb. 28, 1906. 
B. C. Cook, Nat'l C. of A., Va. & No. Car., March 4, 1906. 
John M. Schofield, Lt. General U. S. A., March 4, 1906. 
Geo. H. Hopkins, Past Department Commander, Michigan, 

March 6, 1906. 
Chas. L. Dodd, Dept. Pennsylvania, Nat'l, A. D. C, March 16, 

1906. 
John M. Thayer, Past Department Commander, Nebraska, 

March 19, 1906. 
W. S. Moorhouse, Assistant Adjutant General, Dept. North 

Dakota, March 29, 1906. 
Lucius A. Lincoln, Dept. North Dakota, Nat'l. A. D. C, April 

4, 1906. 

John J. Douglas, Dept. Illinois, Nat'l. A. D. C, April 13, 1906. 
Martin T. McMahon, Major Gen. Vols., New York, April 21, 1906 
B. F. Hawkes, Past Dept. Commander, Potomac, May 3, 1906. 
Geo. W. Honey, Representatives at Large, Potomac, May 

5, 1906. 



102 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Carl Schurz, Major Gen. Vols., New York, May 14, 1906. 

John Knight Bucklyn, Dept. Connecticut, Nat'l. A. D. C, 

May 15, .1906. 
S. J. Moore, Assistant Adjutant General, South Dakota, May 

19, 1906,. 
E. P. Preble, Assistant Adjutant General, Massachusetts, May 

26, 1906 
Joseph J. WooUey, Past Department Commander, Rhode Island, 

July 1, 1906. 
Samuel H. Pickens, Dept., Tennessee, Nat'l. A. D. C, July 6, 

1906. 
R. H. Warfield, Past Senior Vice Commander-in-Chief, July i9, 

1906. 



APPENDIX TO ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. 

By^direction of the President, the Civil Service Commission 
on March 22, 1906, requested of the Departments information 
respecting the number and efficiency of employees in the civil ser- 
vice at Washington over sixty-five years of age. The last reply 
was received on May 7, 1906. The following summary of the 
more important facts disclosed by the data furnished was prepared 
and transmitted to the^ President May 28, 1906. 

Aged Employees in Departments. 

There are 1626 employees over 65 years of age, in the depart- 
mental service at Washington, of whom only 127, or less than 
8 per cent, entered through examination under the civil-service 
rules. If 44 employees who owe their appointment to prefer- 
ence under section 1,754 R. S. (which practically made their 
examination non-competitive) be excluded, the number ap- 
pointed through competitive examination is reduced to 83, 
and only 5.1 per cent, of the total number owe their appoint- 
ment to competitive examination. 

According to their duties the 1,626 employees under consid- 
eration may be arranged as follows : 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 103 



DUTIES. 

Executive 


VETERANS. 

79 

83 

438 

90 

228 
16 


CIVILIANS, 

31 


Professional, technical, and scientific. . 

Clerical 

Mechanical 

Sub-clerical 


69 
329 
121 

93 


Unclassified laborers 


49 



Total 934 692 

Rating on quality and quantity of work of the 1 ,626 employees 
ten-tenths representing the maximum quantity performed by 
a thoroughly efficient employee. 

Rating in tenths on quantity of work. 

Rating on 0123456789 10 Number 
quality — — — — — — — — — • — • — 

•of work. 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 rated. 

5 13 39 4 5 4 3 3 90 

8 53 60 72 39 9 9 251 

1 3 16 52 62 60 22 13 229 

5 14 42 90 222 182 126 682 

. . . 2 3 7 32 59 270 374 

Totals 10 2 5 6 29 124 161 236 357 275 421 1626 

Table shov^^ing by age groups the relative eihciency, average 
salaries, and salaries adjusted to efficiency of 1,601 employees 
over 65 years old whose salaries are known. 



Poor 


. 8 


2 


4 


Fair 






1 


Average . . . 








Good 


. 1 






Excellent . . 


. 1 











Quantity 










of work. 




Salary adjusted 


Age. 


Number. 


on basis 
of 100. 


Average 
salary. 


to work performed. 


6r to 70 


948 


81.7 


$1,253 


$1,024 


70 to 75 


435 


78.4 


1,220 


956 


75 and over 


218 


72.1 


1,166 


841 



Total salaries $1,973,580.50 

Salaries adjusted to work on the basis of a thoroughly effi- 
cient employee $1,570,000.00 



104 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Statistics Pertaining Exclusively to Veterans. 

On quantity of work the average for all employees over 65 
years of age was 79.5; the average for veterans, 80.3. There 
are 579 veterans between 65 and 70; 253 between 70 and 75; 
and 102, 75 years of age or over. 

Of the 934 veteran employees, 8 are rated at nothing on 
quantity of work; 1 at yV; 1 at i%; 3 at y^.; 18 at t%; 58 atfV; 
85 at ^%; 140 at yv; 197 at '{j^; 170 at y%; and 253 at ff. 

On the quantity of work, of the 934 veterans, 49 are rated 
as poor; 146 fair; 137 average; 369 good; and 233 excellent. 



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106 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF 
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF. 



Minneapolis, Minn., July 10th, 1906. 

General John TwEEdalE, Adjutant General, 

Washington, D. C. 

My Dear Comrade: In submitting my report as Junior Vice 
Commander in Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, I 
shall confine myself to the work I have done, not only by my- 
self, but also with others who have been associated with me in 
making preparations for the entertainment of the Fortieth Nat- 
ional Encampment, G. A. R.., and the Allied Organizations 
and friends who will assemble in reunion in my home city, 
Minneapohs, in the approaching week of August 13th to 18th. 
Minneapolis had been selected as the Encampment City for 
1906, before I was elected to the high honor conferred on me 
by the Thirty-ninth National Encampment at Denver. Nat- 
urally it would be expected that I would do all that within me 
lay to prepare for the Fortieth National Encampment, and 
this I can report I have done. 

The invitation to make Minneapolis the Encampment City 
for 1906, came not only from the Governor of the State, Hon- 
John A. Johnson, and the Mayor of the City, Hon. David 
P. Jones, but also from the Commercial Club of this city; and 
the understanding was when the invitation was taken to Den- 
ver, that they — the Commercial' Club — would take a leading 
])art in the necessary work. This they have done with an un. 
stinted hand. 

Immediately on the return of the Minnesota delegation from 
the Thirty-ninth National Encampment steps were taken to 
lay out the plan of operations. Mr. Wallace G. Nye, Secretary 
of the Public Affairs Committee, made a trip to Denver to ex- 
amine their work and if possible profit by their experience. 
At this point it is proper to say that the members of the Grand 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 107 

Army of the Republic of Minneapolis are under a lasting debt 
of gratitude to Mr. Nye for the energy and intelligence he has 
put into this work of preparation. Without question it was a 
labor of love, for his father, Freeman J. Nye, served in Company 
F 43rd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and no v lives at Horton- 
\411e, Wisconsin. 

The Public Affairs Committee is a permanent organization 
of the Comn ercial Club, and as such has had generpl super 
vision. The Chairman of this committee is Mr. B. F. Nelson, 
who in the sixties was busy as a member of Morgans Cavalry 
C. S. A., in keeping the boys in blue guessing where he was at; 
and now after forty years he is most zealous in making prepara- 
tions for their comfort. A Grand Army Advisory Council of 
twenty-five was selected and from this Council an Executive 
Committee of five was chosen, and upon me was laid the honor 
and responsibility of being the Chairman of both. 

Associated w4th me on the Executive Committee are Past 
Commander-in-Chief EU Torrance, Judge Loren W. Collins, 
Member of the National Executive Committee, Ex. -Governor 
and Past Dept. Commander Samuel R. Van Sant, and Levi 
Longfellow, Department Commander of Minnesota. 

Could we have foreseen events that have happened, we might 
well have hesitated before soliciting the burden as well as pleas- 
ure of entertaining our comrades and their friends. The terri- 
ble disaster to our sister city of San Francisco pulled upon our 
heart strings ; and the purses of the business men of the city 
were opened and $65,000.00 was quickly paid toward her re- 
lief. A matter involving the welfare of the city presented 
itself, and $40,000.00 was forthcoming at once from the same 
sources. But with all this I am glad to bear witness, and to 
testify to my comrades every where, that the great heart of 
this great city beats with undiminished warmth for the soldiers 
OF THE UNION. Citizens on the committees have vied with 
comrades, and have with joy taken the laboring oar. It is 
impossible in this report to give the names of all those wh3 
have so labored but it may not be invidious to mention Mr. 
Herbert R. Yerxa, Chairman of the Commercial Club Ex- 



108 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



ecutive Committee; and Mr. Fred R. Salisbury, President 
of the Commerical Club, and the son of a veteran. 

In every citv where the National Encampment has been held 
our Auxiliary^ the Woman's Relief Corps, has done its full 
share of the 'work in making preparations for entertainment. 
This is true in its fullest sense in ^Minneapolis. Early in the 
campaign thev became efficient helpers, and a great host of 
them has been busily at work under the direction of a W. R. C. 
Executive Committee consisting of Ida K. Martin, Depart- 
ment President, as Chairman, Anna M. Torrance, Secretary, 
Lodusky T- Taylor, Elinor Johnson, Mary L. Starkweather, 
Nettie M. Norton and Ruth Van Sant. Their work will speak 
for itself when the Comrades assemble ; for in addition to many 
other duties they have arranged to give the "Boys" a lunch 
before they start on the parade. This is an innovation and 
deserves to be recorded. 

The matter of securing favorable railway rates devolved on 
me, and the National Executive Committee at its meeting in 
Minneapohs, directed me if possible to secure "stopover" priv- 
ileges. The Western Passenger Association promptly an- 
nounced a rate of one cent a mile in each direction, within its 
boundaries, and tendered that rate to the other Associations 
as a basing rate. For reasons that seemed good to the Central 
Passenger Association, they at first announced a rate of one 
fare for the round trip within the boundaries of their territory. 
I visited Chicago on the 28th of May and had an extended 
interview with the Chairman of that Association, who very 
courteously listened to what I had to say, and after stating 
the railwav side of the proposition, one of the chief features 
of which was the question of "scalping", he said he would be 
glad to present any written communications we might desire 
to lay before the Association, at its meeting June 13th, follow- 
ing. The communications were there and to our great grati- 
fication the rate of one cent per mile in each direction was made 
by the individual lines within the boundaries of their Association 
Permit me to say, that the chief objection to making this 
rate on the part of the railway authorities is, as I have already 
stated, the "scalping of tickets," and I venture to predict 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 109 

that unless this misuse of tickets is cured, the one cent per mile 
rate will not be granted hereafter. 

It gives me pleasure to be able to report that stop-over privi- 
leges have been granted at Chicago. I have just been ad- 
vised of this by a letter from Comrade Samuel Moody, General 
Passenger Agent of the Pennsylvania Lines, for whose assis- 
tance in this matter I am under obligation. As I have re- 
ported the time and terms of this arrangement, and as they 
will be published in General Orders, I will not report them here. 

Monday June 25th, we had a short but delightful visit from 
the Commander-in-Chief and his beloved wife; that night we 
sent them on their way west in a joyous mood ; and then, to 
be aroused Saturday morning by the sad news that her beauti- 
ful life had been crushed out. The Comrades here and in Saint 
Paul waited on the train that bore the precious remains, offer- 
ing comfort to our beloved Chief, and bidding "Good Bye" to 
her who had been to him eyes, and hands, and feet. 

In closing I desire to acknowledge your many courtesies, and 
to express the hope that we shall meet many times before Taps 
are sounded for us. 

Respectfully submitted in F. C. and L., 

SILAS H. TOWLER, 

Junior Vice Commander-in-Chief. 



210 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF SURGEON-GENERAL. 



Waukeska, Wis., June, 1906. 

JoHX TwEEDALE, Adjutant-General G. A. R. 

Washington, D. C. 

Comrade: When at the 39th National Encampment at 
Denver, Sept. 8, 1905, I was chosen Surgeon-General and in- 
troduced as such officer by the Commander-in-Chief to the 
delegates, I expressed my innermost sentiments in one sentence. 

"I will try to be an honor to the Grand Army, to my Depart- 
ment and to myself," and when I left the hospitable city for 
mv home, I was fully imbued with the resolution to accomplish 
something for our organization and to follow faithfully in the 
foot-steps of my esteemed predecessor. Dr. Warren R. King 
of Indiana. But, as the old Roman bard says : 

"Parturiunt montes, nascitur ridiculus mus." 

And indeed, I feel somewhat chagrined at being unable to 
present a more satisfactory report as to the work of my steward- 
ship. 

In order to acquaint myself with the Medical Directors of 
the 45 Departments, with the help of the Adjutant General 
and after considerable correspondence, I succeeded finally in 
completing the annexed Roster of said officers and their post- 
office addresses with the exception of the Department of the 
Indian Territory, from which quarter no information could 
be obtained. 

In January, 1906, I issued to these Medical confreres the 
following circular letter : 

"Dear Doctor: 

It affords nie great pleasure to extend at the commencement of the 
year the customary greetings and to call your attention to part of General 
Orders No. 4, Headquarters G. A. R., dated November 29, 1905, to wit: 

III. Attention is called to the Resolution relative to Department 
Reports, adopted by the Thirty-ninth National Encampment, as follows: 

Resolved, that the Department Reports on membership for the National 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 111 

Encampment, to be held in Minneapolis in 1906, be made on the Reports 
for the term, ending December 31, 1905, and so, annually, thereafter. " 

Hoping that by this time you have been fortunate enough to be in pos" 
session of the Annual Reports of the Post Surgeons in your Department, 
in order to formulate your own Annual Report to the Surgeon-General, 
I urgently request, that you forward the same at your early convenience 
to this office. Fraternally yours in F. C. & L. 

Hugo Philler, 

Surgeon-General . 

My mail for a while was rather heavy. Answ^ers from most 
Medical Directors poured in, stating that neither Post Sur- 
geons nor Medical Directors were any longer required to make 
Annual Reports to the Surgeon-General, and I must acknow- 
ledge, that I felt myself in the dilemma expressed by one of 
our Statesmen in the question "Where am I at." 

I therefore looked up in the Grand Army Blue Book, 1904, 
"Duties of Officers" and found in Chap. 2, Art. 8. Dec. 5, the 
following : 

"The Surgeon shall discharge such duties in connection with 
his office as may be required of him, — The Surgeon is not now 
required to make a report on Form F, but such returns are to 
be made as -may be called for by the Medical Director." 

Under the heading "Returns and Reports" I found in Chap. 
3, Art. 6, Sec. 7. the following: 

" The Medical Director shall require such returns from the Post Surgeon as 
may be needed and called for by the Surgeon-General, and shall make returns 
to that Officer." 

After calling the attention of the Medical Directors to these 
points, I waited patiently for replies, but succeeded in receiv- 
ing reports from only 24 Departments, as marked in the an- 
nexed "Table of Statistics" with date of receipt of report. 
Again I had to call into action the good offices of the Adjutant 
General and was enabled to present in the Table aforesaid a 
consolidated statement of the fatalities of our organization 
for the year 1905. 

It appears that on December 31, 1905, in 6165 Posts there 
were 235,823 members, that by death we lost 9,205 members 
giving a percentage of loss of about four per cent (3.93 per cent) 
which is not extremely high, considering the advanced age of the 



122 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

veterans and proves that the volunteer soldiers of 1861-1865 
came from good stock. 

The veteran is passing away rapidly; Posts become smaller 
and smaller, the office of Post Surgeon, (if it is filled at all) is 
generally occupied by a comrade, who may have been a very 
brave soldier, but on account of his trade or professional call- 
ing knows little about giving statistics, causes of death, etc., 
and the National Encampment could not act more wisely 
than to aboHsh for a time the annual Surgeons Reports. 

It is very true, as Dr. Granville P. Conn, Medical Director 
of the Department of New Hampshire, says in his valuable 
Report: "The Army Surgeon of the civil war is rapidly be- 
coming almost extinct, but a new generation has come to the 
front to stay and occupy the places of those who have fallen 
by the way-side. These men have a memory of good deeds, 
that was cherished by their fathers and still remembered by 
the few who are left behind. This generation of veterans has 
bequeathed to their sons many of those sterling qualities, that 
were developed in their sires during the four years of patriot- 
ism, such as the world knows not of prior to 1861-1865. Many 
of these sons of medical veterans have already been distin- 
guished for their valor, endurance and heroic conduct during 
the Spanish war, and the usual number to constitute the med- 
ical organization of the Army and Navy went to the front, 
and as shown by the medical and surgical history of this late 
war, never wavered, never faltered, but did their duty, to 
which was added the vantage ground of medical progress from 
1866 to 1898. The zeal of increased knowledge, the confi- 
dence of hospital training, developed mental and physical en- 
durance until I doubt if any country can show a record that 
can excel or even equal that of our modern Armv Surgeon. 
I am convinced that I voice the wishes of many of my medical 
army-brothers, that we as members of the Grand Army of the 
Republic should draft a strong petition to the President of the 
United States and to Congress in favor of elevating the medi- 
cal service in the regular army, whereby the men. who guard the 
lives of the soldiers, should rank equally with those who com- 
mand. The records of the Japanese in this matter are worthy 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPIBLIC 113 

of our careful consideration. Men cannot defend the flag un- 
less they are protected from disease and unsanitary conditions, 
which are always more insiduous, dangerous and fatal than 
the enemy's bullet or sabre, but the stubborn fact remains, 
that the Army Surgeon has never been given his proper rank, 
standing or consideration bv the nation or by commanding 
officers, which his science, his loyalty, devotion and education 
should command, and I therefore request that the incoming 
vSurgeon-General be instructed to take the necessary steps in 
this direction. 

Men who their duties know- 
But know their rights and knowing dare maintain. 

I do not agree in the opinion of several Medical Directors, 
forcibly expressed in letters to me, that the offices of Post- 
Surgeon, Medical Director and Surgeon-General be entirely 
abolished, but would suggest, that Posts, which have old Army 
Surgeons on their roll, or Medical practitioners, who graduated 
and qualified after the war, should always select them for the 
office of Post Surgeon. The office would then be more useful 
than ornamental and tend to the good of the organization. 
The Post Surgeon should be always a member of the Investi- 
gating and Relief Committees, should visit, as a comrade, the 
sick members, their wives, widows or children, assist the widows 
to receive without unnecessary delay their just Government 
pension and make out at the close of the year a Report to the 
Medical Director of their Department, for the physicians of 
all times, more than any other class of men, have devoted a 
large part of their usefulness, talents and energies, to promote 
the happiness and welfare of their fellow-beings, without any 
expectation of a pecuniary gain for their unselfish, self-imposed 
and often arduous philanthropic task. I submit a simplified 
form for Surgeons Report for your scrutiny and recommend 
the adoption thereof by revising Chapter 2, Article 8, Section 
5 of the Rules and Regulations, laid down in the Grand Army 
Blue Book of 1904. 

Report of Post Surgeon. 

(In case there is no Post Surgeon, it becomes the duty of the Post Ad- 



|]4 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

jutant to formulate this Report for the year ending December 31, and for- 
ward it to the Department Medical Director.) 

Department of G- ^- ^- 

Post No 

To 

Medical Director. 

1. Number of members in good standing 

2. Number of deaths during year — 

3. Percentage 

4. Number of deserving sick or maimed soldiers, not receiving pension 

5. Number of soldiers or sailors, sane or insane taken care of in County 
Poor Houses _ 

Submitted in F. C. & L. 



Post Surgeon (or Post Adjutant.) 
The Department Medical Director should in addition state in his Con- 
solidated Report to the Surgeon General ; 

6. Name and location of National or State Soldiers' and Sailors' Homes 
in their Department including those for widows and orphans of deceased 
soldiers and sailors. 

7. Number of inmates in each. 

8. How are the Homes supported ? 

It is a deplorable fact, that a great number of old veterans, 
suffering from the common bodily defects of old age, when all 
the active processes of tissue formation and repair are on the 
decline, in addition have become mentally unbalanced and are 
not properly cared for and the Thirty-ninth National Encamp- 
ment adopted a report in accordance with the recommenda- 
tion of the retiring Surgeon General, Dr. Warren R. King, 
instructing the incoming Surgeon- General to take steps for 
the betterment of such lamentable conditions. Dr. King had 
tried to get some help from the Attorney General and Secre- 
tary of War, but had been unsuccessful. I therefore concluded 
to go a step further and addressed the following letter to the 
President of the United States, who by many acts has shown 
his affection and regard for the old warriors of 1861 to 1865. 
The letter was cordially endorsed by the Commander-in-Chief 
and forwarded to the White House. 



grand army of the republic 115 

Office of Surgeon General, 
Waukeska, Wis., March 27, 1906. 
To His Excellency, Theodore Roosevelt, 
President of the United States, 
Washington, D. C. 
Sir: 

From statistics carefully collected by me as the Surgeon-General, G. A._R. 
during the last six months, the fact has been made evident, that a great 
number of our comrades, afflicted with chronic insanity are taken care of 
in County Alms Houses, which places of charity are not the proper abodes 
for men, who voluntarily laid bare their breasts in the struggle of 1861 to 
1865 for the preservation of the Union. 

I therefore most respectfully ask your Excellency to call the immediate 
attention of Congress to this deplorable fact and request that ways and 
means may be provided for instituting Homes for these unfortimate vet- 
erans. 

I have the honor to be, etc. 

Hugo Philler, 

Surgeon-General, G. A. R. 
I received in a few days the following answer : 

The White House, 

Washington, April 2, 1906. 
My Dear Sir: 

The President directs me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 
March 27, and to state that it will have his careful consideration. 

Very truly yours, 

W. LoEB, Jr., 

Secretary to the President. 
Hugo PhillER, Surgeon-General G. A. R. 
Waukeska, Wis. 

Watching closely the proceedings of Congress I have so far 
heard nothing further, but hope that some action will be taken 
if not in this then in the next session of the legislative bodies. 

The U. S. Government has at present only one Hospital for 
the Insane, founded fifty years ago and situated at Washington, 
D. C, containing as per last official report, June 30, 1905, 2,551 
patients. The institution is intended for the treatment of the 
insane of the Army and Navy, Marine Corps, Revenue Cutter 
service, inmates of the National Homes for disabled volimteer 
soldiers, persons charged with or convicted of crime against 
the United States, who are insane, and for the indigent insane 
admitted from the District of Columbia. There is at the time 



116 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

of writing these lines, a Committee of Investigation in session 
examining into charges of cruelty to patients, mismanagement 
of affairs, and undue expenditure of money in the Institution, 
brought by the Medico-Legal Society of Washington. As to 
the charges, that of cruelty to the patients, can, it would seem, 
be dropped. The testimony of the Board of Visitors, who are 
men of the highest standing in the community and from con- 
stant and daily experience are in a position to know whereof 
they speak, emphatically contradicts it. Most of the witnesses, 
so far examined, are employes' and attendants, discharged for 
cause, cruelty, drunkenness, asleep while on duty, etc. Every 
doctor and even the laity recognize the fact, that with upwards 
of nearly 3,000 insane patients to treat and control, the number 
of violent cases must be large and they also know, many of 
them from personal experience, that it is as a rule the patient 
who assaults the attendant and not the reverse. The hand- 
cuffs and feeding tubes, the saddle and other mechanical appli- 
ances are very rarely, if now at all, used and all this part of 
sensational stories may be considered as simply a glittering 
bait to allure the average congressman, or to work on the sym- 
pathy of the Congressional Investigating Committee acting 
as a Grand Jury. Such being the fact, it would be interesting 
to trace the animus of the attacks against the Institution, 
were it possible, but it is not. The rude annals of the poor, 
particularly the insane poor, are not open books to be read 
by them that run and are pathetic in the extreme. There is in 
this hospital an old soldier, who for fifteen years had had but 
two letters, and been visited by no one. Later he came into 
an accrued pension of a few thousands of dollars and then he 
became an object of interest. Friends were found, relatives 
were discovered, each anxious to give him "all the comforts 
of home and mother." As he could not take care of himself, 
much less of his money, the Superintendent, Dr. Wm. A. White, 
who stands very high in the profession as an alienist and ex- 
pert on nervous diseases, refused to discharge him, as he has 
done in all similar cases, and the cry of inhumanity is raised. 
This is a mad world, particularly in the wards of an insane 
asylum, and yet, can any one deny, that, were it not for the 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 117 

money, the demented soldier would have been allowed to con- 
tinue to pluck at the bed-clothes in unmolested peace or to 
stick straws in his faded hair unwept, unhonored and unsung ! 
What I can learn from the evidence so far presented, the Insti- 
tution is not large enough, attendants are not in sufficient num- 
ber; and the several branches of the National Homes have 
been instructed to transfer only the most violent acute cases to 
the Asylum and another hospital is demanded. At this time 
I cannot fail to call your attention to the fact, that no nation 
in this wide world does as much for the comfort of the old vet- 
erans as our Republic. Thanks to the individual efforts of 
President Roosevelt, almost every honorably discharged solder 
is now in consideration of' age {and we all get there) entitled to 
a pension; but in addition the Government opens the doors to 
the feeble, maimed and decrepit veteran of ten branches of 
National Homes, housing, feeding, clothing and entertaining 
last year, as per authentic reports 37,339 invalids. Twenty 
five State Homes, as far as I can learn, take care of nearly an 
equal number, in lavish style, wives, widows and orphans in- 
cluded, thanks to the patriotism of the State Governments, the 
Grand Army of the Republic, the auxiliaries of this grand organ- 
ization, namely the Woman's Relief "Corps and the Ladies of 
the G. A. R. ; so that no indigent veteran, sane or insane should 
be found housed in an Alms House and be treated as a pauper. 
In these Homes the old comrade has ample time to live in the 
past and philosophize, and how priceless are his recollections 
of the past. I maybe permitted to quote a few thoughts of an 
address, delivered by my comrade and friend Dr. Wm. A. Gor- 
don of Wisconsin, at the occasion of a Camp fire of old soldiers : 

"The old comrades are the richest and proudest men in the world. Their 
possessions are not transferable. 

Their jewels are indestructible. 

No money can buy a single little bronze G. A. button. 

No trust can steal Sherman's March to the Sea. 

No corporation can monopolize Farragut at Mobile Bay. 

No Sheriff can sell Sheridan's ride. 

They own everything from Fort Sumter to Appomattox Court House. 

Compared to us, Carnegie is in the Poor House and Rockefeller is on the 
town. 



..r. FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMEN'. 

The old soldier dies, he joins the choir invisible, but he never gets older. 

He is always one of the boys. 

He has looked into too many open graves, he has hobnobbed with death 
too often to be afraid to die. , . . u 

He is one of the happiest of men, because he is always looking into the 
future, expecting something better, looking for the long prophesied time, 
when peace, plenty and prosperity will prevail. 

He is confident that our commercial barbarism and our industrial in- 
sanity will be outgrown— that strikes, lockouts and industrial murders 
will cease— that sordid millionaires, grinding corporations and walking 
delegates will go out of business. 

He was the first to extend the hand of friendship to the vanquished foe. " 

Due attention has been given to the recommendation of my 
predecessor in office regarding more complete reports of attend- 
ing physicians in case of death of an ex-soldier, thereby facilita- 
ting the task of obtaining pensions for surviving widows. After 
considerable correspondence with Secretaries of State Boards 
of Health of the States and Territories and with the Pension 
Department I find, that the Blanks for reporting deaths are more 
or less uniform throughout the United States, soliciting amongst 
other items as to age, color, occupation, primary and secondary 
cause of death and duration of disease. Also the question, ' 'was 
deceased ever a U. S. soldier or sailor?" name of wife, etc., and 
no Health Officer in the United States will issue a burial per- 
mit, if these several questions are not satisfactorily answered, 
I annex as a sample of the requirements of a "Certificate of 
Death" the law of my own state, Wisconsin and have become 
convinced that the same rigid formalities ought to be carried 
out in all other states and territories and are satisfactory to 
the U. vS. Pension Department. 

Certificate of Death. Section 1024, as amended by section 2, chapter 
415, laws of 1903. No person shall bury, prepare for incineration or re- 
move from place where death occurs, any human body until he has received 
a permit to do so from the health officer, if the death occurs in a city or 
from the village or town clerk, if the death occurs in a village or town, and 
no permit shall be issued until there has been delivered to such health 
officer or clerk as the case may be, a satisfactory certificate containing the 
full name of the person deceased, maiden name if wife or widow, color, sex, 
race, occupation, age, (giving years, months and days,) names and birth- 
place of father and mother, and birthplace of deceased, name of wife, or of 
husband and date of birth of deceased, condition (whether single, married or 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 119 

widowed) and date of death, residence at time of death, primary 
and secondary cause of death, duration of disease, whether deceased 
was ever a federal soldier or sailor, place of burial, name of 
undertaker or other person conducting the burial or incineration, 
date of certificate, number and date of burial permit. Said 
certificate shall be signed by the physician last in attendance on deceased, 
if any there was, who shall state the primary and secondary cause of death 
according to the best information he can obtain, or in any case of violence, 
by a coroner or a justice of the peace. If there be no attending physician, 
or if the certificate of the attending physi4an cannot be obtained for good 
and sufficient reasons early enough for the purpose, any physician em- 
ployed for the purpose shall upon request of the health officer or clerk, 
make such certificate as is required of the attending physician, and in 
case there is no physician obtainable early enough for such purpose, the 
said certificate shall be made by a justice of the peace. 

All of US who attended the last three National Encampments 
at San Francisco, Boston and Denver must have noticed the 
fact, that no intoxicated veteran was seen on the streets, occa- 
sioning remarks like "old drunken bums, " etc., from casual ob- 
servers, that the street parades were solemn affairs, showing 
the pride of the "old boys in blue" in following once more the 
Stars and Stripes to the enticing sounds of fife and drum and 
that the Commanders-in-Chief at the Reviewing stands had 
reason to be proud of the members of the G. A. R. I trust, 
that such will be the case at this fortieth Encampment and in 
order to avoid certain imperfections and drawbacks in the 
plans for the parade, I directed the following letter to the Com- 
mittee of Arrangements, which I hope will meet with the ap- 
proval of all who participate in the march, — to many their last 
joyous tramp — it being a fact, that our ranks become reduced 
more and more at the figures of 5,000 per month or 60,000 per 
year. 

They go, — a shadow of what they were ; 

The ranks are vanishing year by year. 

For one by one with his gallant air 

Has answered the summons of death with " Here" ! 

And so they waver and falter on, 

Their blue made shadowy gray with dust — 

The fading host that in years agone 

Bore forth the grail of the Nation's trust. 



120 fortieth annual encampment 

Office of Surgeon General, 

Waukeska, Wis., May 24, 1906. 

W. G. Nye: 

Secretary of the G. A. R. Executive Committee, 
Minneapolis, Minn. 
Sir: Having no doubt that you will receive the suggestion in the same 
kindly spirit in which it is offered, I venture to advise that the line of 
march for the parade at the approaching National Encampment to be 
held in your city, be not too long, as has been the case in the last three 
Encampments, that the veterans be not kept standing in line for the march 
any longer than is absolutely necessary, and that a plentiful supply of hot 
coffee be provided for the start and the finish of the street parade. 

With most of the participants in these ceremonies it will be found, that 
the inroads of time have had their natural effect and that though "the 
spirit is willing, the flesh is weak." Hoping that this will be considered 
sufficient excuse for my intrusion upon your notice, I remain 

Respectfully, 

Hugo Philler, 

Surgeon-General. 

A cordial reply from the Secretary of the G. A. R. Executive 
Committee announced that my suggestions will be heeded and 
that their chief object during the Encampment will be to con- 
tribute to the comfort and convenience of the veterans of the 
rank and file. 

And now, before I close, I cannot omit to pay a tribute to 
the names of our esteemed comrade, General Carl Schurz, in 
whose division I had the honor to serve during the years 1862, 
1863 and 1864. As Commander of the Division, he always in 
times of adversity and in those of success was a kind and sym- 
pathizing friend of the soldier, as well as a leader, who insisted 
upon discipline and due performance of duty. 

He was an officer of great ability, always active and vigilant, 
of sound military judgment and conspicuous for personal prow- 
ess and patriotism. 

His life was gentle and the elements 

So mixed in him that Nature might stand up 

And say to all the world, "This was a man:" 

And I fully endorse the eulogy written by Ex-President 
Grover Cleveland : 

"I look upon the death of Mr. Schurz as a National affliction. Though 
he had reached length of years, and though his activity had waned, he 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



121 



was still a power and strong influence in the life and sentiment of his coun- 
trymen. To those who prized high disinterested patriotism he continued 
to be an inspiring leader, to those who loved unflinching moral courage 
he was a constant teacher, and to those who aspired to the highest ideals 
in civic life, he was an unfailing guide." 

"His example and lofty career are left to us to stimulate the young to 
virtuous emulation and to encourage all in right living. Such men can 
11 be spared and what they leave to us should be carefully kept as a precious 
•egacy. " 

Cordially Submitted in F. C. & L. 




Sti rgeon- General. 



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124 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF CHAPIvAIN-IN-CHlEF. 



John TweedalE, Adjutant General. 
Washington, D. C. 

Dear Comrade : It becomes my duty to report as Chaplain- 
in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic for the year just 
closing. 

One short year ago Colorado's sun shone brightly upon, and 
the breezes from snow-capped mountains kissed the weather 
beaten cheeks of forty thousand veterans as they assembled 
in the central city of the west for their annual Encampment. 

The darkness of a great shadow had recently thrown its gloom 
over all hearts, and we mourned the death of our fallen Chief, 
A new corps of ofhcers was regularly elected and installed, and 
the reins of Grand Army management were placed in competent, 
loyal hands. 

But before the March winds blew, or the snows of winter had 
prepared their valedictory, death, the conqueror of all, entered 
the inner circle, placed his chilling hand upon one of the Na- 
tional Officers, and the brave, devoted, robust, rollicking, large 
hearted, loyal I^ear^^ Chaplain-in-Chief, yielded to the sum- 
mons, and the Grand Army of the Republic bowed again be- 
neath the burden of a great sorrow. 

Sixty days of mourning were ended. The National Council 
of Administration elected his successor and placed the author 
of this Report in the vacated chair. The news of this election 
was carried by the Associated Press dispatches all over the land, 
and broken ranks were once more filled. 

Cheeks, however, were not long to remain dry. Soon another 
great sorrow fell like darkness at noon, upon every American 
heart and home. This time death came without a moments 
warning. Fell accident struck down the amiable, loyal hearted 
and greatly beloved companion and helpmate of our noble 
Commander-in-Chief. The entire Nation was shocked and 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 125 

patriotic citizenship, everywhere, bowed heart and head in 
silent awe. We tender to our beloved Chief the heart felt 
sympathy of two hundred and twenty-five thousand comrades ; 
and there never throbbed in human breast a more loyal, de- 
voted, sympathetic heart than that which throbs in the breast 
of the war bronzed veteran. 

My occupancy of the position of Chaplain-in-Chief has been 
so brief that it has been impossible for me to obtain suflicient 
data out of which to construct a suitable Report. In fact it 
lias been so brief that that there has been no time for installa- 
tion into the office. So brief that many of the Department 
Chaplains have not learned my address, and a few have not 
even learned that there is a Chaplain-in-Chief. 

My Report, must, therefore, be general rather than special. 

Some Reports have been received from Department Chap- 
lains of Memorial Day observance. These Reports come from 
the East, the West, the South, and center of the Republic. 
We believe them to be a fair, average representation of the 
observance of the Day throughout the Nation and shall use 
them as a basis for generalization. 

We thus find that four thousand seven hundred and forty- 
six Posts (4,746) properly observed the Day, One hundred and 
fifty- nine thousand Comrades participated in the services. 
Four hundred sixty-three thousand nine hundred and twenty 
nine (463,929) graves were decorated. One million nine hun- 
dred seventeen thousand seven hundred and two, (1,917,702) 
school children, ninety thousand two hundred and eighty-eight 
(90,288) members of the Women's Relief Corps, together with 
five hundred thousand people, not enumerated, took part in 
the exercises. 

What a mighty army; two millions six hundred sixty-six 
thousand seven hundred and twenty-six, (2,666,726) American 
citizens who turned aside from life's earnest toil to place a 
flower upon the Patriots' grave. 

Let us, in imagination, form this great host into a marching 
column, four abreast and each file occupying four and a half 
feet, and we have a column five hundred sixty-eight miles, 
sixty-two rods, and twelve feet. A column that will reach from 



126 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Minneapolis to Chicago and one hundred and fifty five miles 
beyond. 

What a wonderful educational force this is, and what an 
influence it weilds over the youthful mind. 

Those men whose dust we honor and whose memories we 
reverce are America's Patriots. By the sacrifice which they 
made, the Nation was saved from an untimely grave and its 
unparalled prosperity secured for all generations. Because 
they identified themselves with the Nation in its peril they 
have become immortal. People become immortal or short- 
lived according to the nature of that for which they live. 

Where a man lives for himself and his thought never wanders 
beyond his selfish interests, he will die with himself and his 
very name and memory shall perish. He may transmute his 
time and thought and life into the building of a city, and like 
Nebuchadnezzer, of old exclaim — "Is not this great Babylon 
that I have built?" But when the city perished the builder 
perished with it. The man who lives and toils and sacrifices 
for others, is the man who becomes immortal. The philan- 
thropist may put his life into the founding of a school, and as 
long as that school graduates students from its halls so long 
will that man live. 

Patriotism is self abnegation. It is that strange something 
that inspires its possessor to do, to dare, to suffer and die, and 
if need be, for others good. It clothes its possessor with im- 
mortality, and writes his name on the scroll of honor far above 
that of the epicure, the voluptuary or the mere millionaire. 

Patriotism is true greatness, and clothes a man with immor- 
tality. Twenty-three and a half centuries have failed to bedim 
the lustre of I^eonidas and the immortal Spartan band whose 
patriotisn; clothed with imperishable glory the passes of Ther- 
mopylae. 

Five hundred and twenty years ago a small company of 
Swiss patriots confronted a strong Austrian army, whose lances 
were so locked and interlocked that they formed an invulner- 
able line so strong that it threatened death to any who might 
attack it. To secure victory that line must be broken. Prompt- 
ed by a spirit of lofty patriotism, one of the Swiss soldiers threw 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 127 

himself upon that hne, received into his breast a sheaf of Aus- 
trian lances, but he broke the line and a great victory was 
achieved. For five and a quarter centuries the dying words 
of that Swiss patriot: "Make way for liberty," have inspired 
struggling heroes the world over, and Arnold Winklereid lives 
forever. 

The name and fame of our immortal Washington shall never 
perish while the flag waves in heaven or American independ- 
ence exists. The memory of our great Lincoln shall never die. 
He transmuted his time, his thought, his life his all, into the 
nations life and ages after the marble and granite which mark 
his last resting place shall have crumbled into dust, and the 
great war, which so nearly wrecked us, shall have shriveled 
into a mere historical atom on distant horizon, his name and 
fame shall be venerated in every American home. 

The greatness of this nation — its wealth, its influence on 
all the nations of the earth, its flattering prospects and the 
glory of its flag, are, legitimately, the product of the patriotism 
of the loyal men and women of 1861 to 1865. 

The grizzled veterans who compose the Grand Army of the 
Republic are nation savers and nation builders. There 
is not a dollar in our coffers, there is not a scintillation of great- 
ness in our land, which does not bear on it the stain of patriotic. 
BLOOD and patriotic tears. 

The Grand Army of the Republic should impress upon all 
the need of its reverent observ^ance. As we recall the heroism 
of former days, the precious memories of fallen comrades who 
touched elbows with us when we faced the hail of death, and 
the keeping of those memories fresh by the scattering of a few 
flowers on their silent mounds makes May 30th to us a sacred 
day. The perv-ersion or desecration of that day fills our hearts 
with anguish unutterable. The community will not censure 
us for protesting against the introduction of hilarious sports 
on that day, such as horse racing, base ball playing, dancing, 
and kindred amusements, as a desecration of the spirit and 
object of the day and an insult to the memory of our patriotic 
dead. 

Will not the community permit us, who passed through the 



128 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

bloody struggle, who gave the best years of our lives to our 
Countr}^'s defence, to implore you by the severed ties of sacred 
affection, by the crape clad womanhood that walked our streets, 
by the fatherless childhood that wept in groupes by the fireside, 
by the tears of sorrow that sought the far oflf unmarked gra\'es 
of our noble dead, by the love that you bear for your Country 
and its flag, by the blood that was so freely and copiously 
poured out as an oblation for the wrongs of the people, will you 
not for these and many other reasons hold sacred the Nation's 
DEAD, and the Day which perpetuates their memory. 

Most respectfully submitted, 

JESSE COLE. 

Chaplain-in-Chief . 




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GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 129 



REPORT OF THE ADJUTANT-GENERAL. 



Headquarters Grand Army of the Republic, 
FendaIvE Building, 
Washington, D. C, July 31, 1906. 
James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 

Commander: I have the honor to submit the report of the 
Adjutant General as required by the Rules and Regulations. 

The following tables have been compiled for the year ended 
December 31, 1905, in accordance with the resolution adopted 
by the 39th National Encampment, as follows: 

"Resolved, That the Adjutant General's Report on member- 
ship to the National Encampment to be held at Minneapolis, 
in 1906, be based on the Department reports for the term end- 
ing December 31, 1905, and so annually thereafter. " 



130 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

GAINS AND LOSSES BY DEPARTMENTS DURING THE YEAR 
ENDED DEC. 31, 1905. 



Member- _ . , Member- 
ship Gam Loss ^hip 
Departments Dec ?i durmg during jjec. 31 
1904' year year ,^^5 

AUbama 125 12 11 126 

Arizona 143 23 16 150 

Arkansas 579 181 236 524 

California 5,630 860 890 5,600 

Colorado and Wyoming 2,217 1,026 509 2,734 

Connecticut 3,936 323 363 3,896 

Delaware 632 45 114 563 

Florida 339 50 61 328 

Georgia 466 20 58 428 

Idaho 448 37 47 438 

Illinois 19,559 1,169 1,920 18,808 

Indiana 15,069 1,282 1,868 14,488 

Indian Territory 360 113 25 448 

Iowa 11,728 997 1,313 11,412 

Kansas 11,904 2,273 3,524 10,653 

Kentucky 1,866 265 197 1,934 

Louisiana and Mississippi 912 373 235 1,050 

Maine 5,963 332 641 5,654 

Maryland 2,214 191 324 2,08l 

Massachusetts 16,524 507 1,084 15,947 

Michigan 12,282 677 1,393 11,566 

Minnesota 5,612 476 565, 5,523 

Missouri 8,470 708 1,320 7,858 

Montana 434 53 71 416 

Nebraska 4,502 392 491 4,403 

New Hampshire 2,919 143 323 2,829 

New Jersey 4,772 246 455 4,563 

New Mexico '. 159 58 9 208 

New York 28,557 1,668 2,688 27,477 

North Dakota 466 15 77 404 

Ohio 24,248 6,548 7,876 22,920 

Oklahoma 1,538 414 189 1,763 

Oregon 1,937 210 336 1,817 

Pennsylvania 24,777 1,287 2,143 23,921 

Potomac 2,335 113 180 2,268 

Rhode Island 1,557 62 151 1468 

South Dakota 1,687 597 642 1,642 

Tennessee 1,393 215 392 1,216 

Texas 570 50 156 464 

Utah 243 48 23 268 

Vermont 2,951 160 239 2,872 

Virginia and North Carolina 709 102 132 679 

Washington and Alaska 2,727 1,055 875 2,907 

West Virginia 1,172 268 268 1172 

Wisconsin 8,440 1,180 1,683 7^937 

Total 245,071 26,824 36,072 235,823 

The membership on June 30, 1905, was 232,455, and for the 
six months ended December 31, 1905, 235,823. There has 
therefore been a gain of 3,368 in the past six months. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



131 



TABLE OF MEMBERSHIP. 



December 



Departments 



Alabama 

Arizona 

Arkansas 

California and Nevada . 
Colorado and Wyoming 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Indian Territory 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana & Mississippi. 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

New Hampshire 

New Jersey 

New Mexico 

New York 

North Dakota 

Ohio 

Oklahoma 

Oregon . . . : 

Pennsylvania 

Potomac 

Rhode Island 

South Dakota 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia & N. Carolina . 
Washington and Alaska 

West Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Total 



Posts Members 



12 

7 

94 

94 

57 

61 

21 

20 

14 

19 

532 

403 

19 

368 

359 

84 

32 

153 

56 

210 

346 

169 

263 

14 

204 

85 

108 

7 

608 

26 

574 

83 

56 

524 

17 

26 

78 

54 

26 

5 

97 

39 

76 

42 

242 



6,318 



June 30, '05 



125 

143 

579 

5,630 

2,217 

3,936 

632 

339 

466 

448 

19,559 

15,069 

360 

11,728 

11,904 

1,866 

912 

5,963 

2,214 

16.524 

12,282 

5,612 

8,470 

434 

4,502 

2,919 

4,772 

159 

28,557 

466 

24,248 

1,538 

1,937 

24,777 

2,335 

1,557 

1,687 

1,393 

570 

243 

2,951 

709 

2,727 

1,172 

8,440 



245,071 



Posts 


Members 


12 


131 


7 


144 


36 


550 


94 


5,640 


59 


2,404 


61 


3,880 


16 


565 


20 


316 


14 


436 


19 


448 


530 


19,225 


400 


14,861 


21 


400 


364 


11,597 


283 


9,958 


84 


1,818 


26 


816 


144 


5,666 


55 


2,107 


210 


16,243 


342 


11,954 


170 


5,497 


253 


8,131 


14 


408 


205 


4,437 


84 


2,865 


107 


4,754 


8 


176 


614 


28,268 


26 


466 


450 


18,728 


77 


1,605 


56 


1,955 


523 


24,343 


17 


2,298 


26 


1,504 


78 


1,283 


53 


1,332 


20 


541 


5 


254 


97 


2,927 


38 


713 


60 


2,246 


42 


1,047 


211 


7,518 


6,031 


232,455 



Dec 31, ic 



Posts Members 



12 

6 

29 

95 

65 

63 

16 

21 

14 

18 

526 

398 

25 

356 

310 

85 

43 

150 

54 

210 

340 

170 

250 

14 

193 

84 

107 

7 

612 

20 

532 

83 

53 

524 

17 

26 

78 

47 

19 

5 

94 

35 

84 

45 

231 



126 

150 

524 

5,600 

2,734 

3,896 

563 

328 

428 

438 

18,808 

14,488 

448 

11,412 

10,653 

1,934 

1,050 

5,654 

2,081 

15,947 

11,566 

5,523 

7,858 

416 

4,403 

2,829 

4,563 

208 

27,477 

404 

22,920 

1,763 

1,817 

23,921 

2,268 

1,468 

1,642 

1,216 

464 

268 

2,872 

679 

2,907 

1,172 

7,937 



6,165 235,823 



132 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

RECAPITULATION. 

Members in good standing as shown by report for Dec. 31, 1904. 245,071. 

Term Term Total 

Ended Ended for 

June 30, Dec. 31, Year. 

GAINS. 1905. 1905. 

By muster 3,058 3,355 6,413 

By transfer 1,656 1,656 3,312 

By reinstatement .... 3,848 3,783 7,631 

By reinstatement from delin- 
quent reports .... 496 8,972 9,468 

Total gain .... 26,824 

Aggregate .... 262,837 

LOSSES 

By death 4,634 4,571 9,205 

By honorable discharge . . 336 351 687 

By transfer 1,286 1,426 2,712 

By suspension 5,807 6,823 12,630 

By dishonorable discharge 54 93 147 

By delinquent reports . . . 9,557 1,134 10,691 

Total loss 36,072 

MembersingoodstandingDec. 31, 1905 235,823 

Net loss for the year 9,248 

Number remaining suspended Dec. 31, 1905 19,357 

Total number borne on rolls 255,180 

Dropped from rolls six months ended June 30, 1905 . . 1,983 

Dropped from rolls six months ended Dec. 31, 1905 . . 1,955 

Number of Posts June 30, 1905 6,031 

Number of Posts Dec. 31, 1905 6,165 

Number of Posts surrendering charter 46 

Number of new Posts chartered 16 

Number of Posts lost by consolidation 

Number of Posts reinstated 218 

Number of Posts delinquent Dec. 31, 1905 76 



EXPENDED IN RELIEF. 

For six months ended June 30, 1905 $ 51,528.89 

For six months ended Dec. 31, 1905 50,101.29 



Total for year $101,630.18 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 133 

MEMBERSHIP SINCE 1878. 

1878 31,016 1892 399,880 

1879 44,752 1893 .. . . 397,223 

1880 60,634 1894 369,083 

1881 85,856 1895 357,639 

1882 134,701 1896 340,610 

1883 215,446 1897 319,456 

1884 273,168 1898 305,603 

1885 294,787 1899 287,918 

1886 323,571 1900 276,612 

1887 355,916 1901 269,507 

1888 372,960 1902 263,745 

1889 397,974 1903 256,510 

1890 409,489 1904 247,340 

1891 407,781 1905 232,455 

1906 235,823 



In 1890 the high water mark of membership was reached, 409,489. 

Since then each year has shown a falling off, the losses by years being as 
follows : — 

1891 1,708 

1892 7,901 

1893 2,657 

1894 27,140 

1895 11,444 

1896 17,029 

1897 .....* 21,154 

1898 • 13,853 

1899 17,685 

1900 . '. '. . 11,306 

1901 7,149 

1902 5,806 

1903 7,235 

1904 .... 10,249 

1905 14,885 

1906 9.248 



134 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



MEMBERSHIP OF THE FORTIETH NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT. 



The total number of names appearing on the roll of the Fortieth Nationa 
Encampment, as shown by the table following, is 1,605. Deducting 
duplications in the roll, the voting strength is 1,540. 



DEPARTMENT. 


•ii 

Qifi 
O 




(D C 

0,0 


Total. 


W.5 


National Officers 




1 
1 
2 

12 
6 
i 

2 
2 
2 
2 
39 
29 
1 
24 
22 
4 
3 
12 
5 
33 
24 
12 
17 
2 
10 
7 
10 
1 
56 
2 
33 
5 
5 
49 
6 
4 
3 
3 
2 
1 
7 
2 
7 
3 
17 

497 


15 
12 
14 
21 
18 
19 
19 
18 
12 
15 
23 
18 
11 
20 
23 
17 
7 
25 
21 
23 
21 
21 
18 
18 
19 
22 
22 
14 
18 
13 
22 
14 
18 
24 
27 
24 
16 
17 
13 
12 
21 
15 
15 
15 
26 

816 


55 

16 

22 

19 

20 

17 

20 

37 

28 

30 

25 

24 

18 

21 

66 

51 

16 

48 

49 

25 

14 

41 

30 

60 

49 

37 

39 

24 

33 

33 

36 

19 

78 

19 

59 

23 

27 

77 

37 

32 

23 

24 

19 

17 

32 

21 

26 

22 

47 


53 
16 
18 
16 
18 
16 
20 
35 
'>7 


Past Commanders-in-Chief 

Past S. V. Commanders-in-Chief. . . 
Past J. V. Commanders-in-Chief. . 
Alatama 


.4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 
4 


Arizona. ... 


Arkansas 


California and Nevada 


Colorado and Wyoming 


Connecticut 


29 
24 
23 
17 
21 


Delaware 


Florida 


Georgia 


Idaho 


lUinois 


63 
51 


Indiana 


Indian Territory 


15 


Iowa 


47 


Kansas 


48 


Kentucky 


24 


Louisiana and Mississippi 


13 


Maine 


39 


Maryland 


28 


Massachusetts 


59 


Michigan 


46 


Minnesota. ... 


36 


Missouri 


35 




22 


Nebraska 


32 


New Hampshire 


33 


New Jersey. . . . 


36 


New Mexico 


18 


New York 


76 


North Dakota 


18 


Ohio 


57 


Oklahoma 


22 


Oregon 


27 




72 


Potomac 


34 




30 


South Dakota 


23 




o-y 


Texas 


19 


Utah 


17 


Vermont 


32 


Virginia and North Carohna 
Washington and Alaska. . . 


20 
26 




22 


Wisconsin 


45 


Total 


180 


1.605 


l,o40 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



135 



LOSS BY DEATH. 



For year ended March 31, 1886 
" 31, 1887 
" 31, 1888 
June 30, 1889 
30, 1890 

30. 1891 

30. 1892 
30, 1893 
30, 1894 
30, 1895 

30. 1896 

30. 1897 

30. 1898 

30. 1899 

30. 1900 

30. 1901 

30. 1902 

30. 1903 

30. 1904 

30. 1905 
Dec. 31, 1905 



3,020 
3,406 
4,433 
4,696 
5,476 
5,965 
6,406 
7,002 
7,283 
7,368 
7,293 
7,515 
7,383 
7,994 
7,790 
8,166 
8,299 
8,366 
9,029 
9,152 
9,205 



0.93 
0.95 
1,18 
1.18 
1.33 
1.46 
1.61 
1.78 
1.97 
2.06 
2.91 
2.35 
2.41 
2.78 
2.80 
3.02 
3.08 
3.22 
3.60 
3.90 
3.90 



CORRESPONDENCE. 

The number of letters received during the year has been large, 
probably larger than usual by reason of the location of Head- 
quarters at the seat of government. There has been an effort 
to reply to all such letters, but as the close of the administra- 
tion drew near it became necessary to answer only such letters 
as related to the aflfairs of the Grand Army and were directly 
connected with the duties of the Commander-in-Chief and the 
Adjutant General. 

The interests of our organization are paramount and must 
not suffer, consequently letters recently received requesting 
the aid of National Officers in individual cases have of necessity 
remained unanswered. 

This decision was reluctantly made, and yet it became ur- 
gently necessary from the lack of clerical force at National 
Headquarters, consisting as it does of one clerk who is also a 
stenographer. The present clerk is familiar with the work, 



136 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

having been the stenographer for the former Adjutant General ; 
if it had not been for that fact it would have been necessary to 
curtail the correspondence at an earlier date. vStill with this 
thoroughly competent stenographer the work is more than can 
be properly performed, unless a rule is adopted to confine the 
work to matters pertaining exclusively to the duties of National 
Officers. Such a rule would cut off a class of correspondence 
relating to individual cases, some of which should properly be 
considered by Posts or Departments, and receive the attention 
of National Officers only when submitted by Department Com- 
manders. In the class referred to however there are many 
letters from individuals which appeal to the sympathy of the 
recipients, but they are so numerous that they would inter- 
fere with the proper performance of official duties if an attempt 
was made to comply with the requests of the writers. 

My experience during the past year leads me to suggest for 
the comfort and convenience of the incoming Adjutant General, 
the need of a permanent clerk at Headquarters. He of course 
should be a stenographer, and his pay should be commensurate 
with his duties. At present the pay is $600.00 per annum, 
which is not sufficient to retain the services of a competent and 
experienced man, and without the services of such an one, the 
lot of the Adjutant General is not a happy one. 

General Orders. 

As soon as issued, the regular supply of General Ordersand 
Circulars is sent to Departments by the printer, but in addi- 
tion to this distribution it has been the custom, (a custom 
which has also prevailed in previous administrations) to send 
the orders to past and present national officers, to officers of 
auxiliary societies and others on the mailing list; also to all 
Aides-de-Canip of the current administration. 

The object of this additional distribution is of course to keep 
up the interest in our organization, and so far as the Aides are 
concerned, the orders are sent to them for the purpose of in- 
creasing their zeal in the work of recruiting, which is one of 
their principal duties. But to address the envelopes for this 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 137 

list consumes a good deal of the time of the clerk at head- 
quarters, and is also a matter of considerable expense for post- 
age. 

Under present conditions strict ecomony to the point of cut- 
ting off some essential things is and has been necessary. To 
save postage and the time of the clerk, no orders have been sent 
to Aides since General Orders No. 9 ; in lieu thereof, one set of 
envelopes for the Aides has been prepared in which will be in- 
serted a copy of each order issued since this course has been 
adopted, and the whole will be mailed at the proper time. 

This is a step in the direction suggested, but the question 
is presented whether it is advisable to send the General Orders 
to Aides at all, for they are read at Post meetings, and Aides 
can have easy access to them. Our resources must of necessity 
diminish, and there are other ways in which the funds available 
can be advantageously employed, especially in view of the fact 
that under recent legislation our expenses for transportation 
will doubtless be increased. 

Incorporation. 

At the meeting of the Executive Committee of the Council 
of Administration held at Brown Palace Hotel, Denver, Colo- 
rado, December 15, 1904, Comrade Colhns -from the Com- 
mittee on Auditing Securities in the hands of the Quarter- 
master General presented a report containing four resolutions 
which were adopted and the Commander-in-Chief was requested 
to carry out the recommendations of the Committee. 

The fourth resolution so presented is as follows: 

"Resolved, That said Judge Advocate-General be and hereby is 
requested to report to the Commander-in-Chief as to whether or not 
this organization should be incorporated, and, if so, in what State." 
(See page 156, Journal 39th National Encampment.) 

At a meeting of the Executive Committee on September 4, 
1905, action was taken as follows: 

"The Judge Advocate General was called into consultation 
of the Committee upon the question of the incorporation of tho 
National Encampment, and after discussion it seemed to be 



138 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

the general sentiment that the Encampment should not be 
incorporated." (Page 163, ibid.) 

Upon this point it may be remarked that the National So- 
ciety of the Daughters of the American Revolution was incor- 
porated by an act of Congress, approved February 20, 1896. 
Under the act of incorporation the D. A. R. were required to 
submit ap annual report to the vSecretary of the Smithsonian 
Institution, who is required to transmit it to Congress and 
since the incorporation the annual reports of the Daughters of 
the American Revolution have been submitted to and printed 
by Congress. It would seem entirely proper, therefore, that 
an effort should be made to secure an act of incorporation from 
the Congress of the United States, with a provision requiring 
our annual reports to be also transmitted to Congress. The 
annual reports of the G. A. R. ire not only of interest to the com- 
rades of our Order, but also are historically valuable because 
of the information contained therein relative to the surviving 
soldiers, sailors and marines of the great army. 

As a matter of interest in this connection, the Act of Congress 
referred to is here printed with the names of the incorporators 
omitted : 

AN ACT to incorporate the National Society of the Daughters of the 
American Revolution. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
States of America in Congress assembhd, That * * * * and their associates 
and successors, are hereby created a body corporate and politic, in the 
District of Columbia, by the name of the National Society of the Daughters 
of the American Revolution, for patriotic, historical, and educational 
purposes, to perpetuate the memory and spirit of the men and women 
who achieved American independence, by the acquisition and protection 
of historical spots and the erection of monuments; by the encouragement 
of historical research in relation to the Revolution and the publication 
of its results; by the preservation of documents and relics, and of the 
records of the individual services of revolutionary soldiers and patriots, 
and by the promotion of celebrations of all patriotic anniversaries; to 
carry out the injunction of Washington in his Farewell Address to the 
American people, "to promote, as an object of primary importance, in- 
stitutions for the general diffusion of knowledge," thus developing an 
enlightened public opinion and affording to young and old such advan- 
tages as shall develop in them the largest capacity for performing the du- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



139 



ties of American citizens; to cherish, maintain, and extend the institutions 
of American freedom; to foster true patriotism and love of country, and 
to aid in securing for mankind all the blessings of liberty. 

Sec. 2. That said society is authorized to hold real and personal estate 
in the United States, so far only as may be necessary to its lawful ends, 
to an amount not exceeding five hundred thousand dollars, and may 
adopt a constitution and make by-laws not inconsistent with law, and 
may adopt a seal. Said society shall have its headquarters or principle 
office at Washington, in the District of Columbia. 

Sec. 3. That said society shall report annually to the secretary of 
the Smithsonian Institution concerning its proceedings, and said secre- 
tary shall communicate to Congress such portions thereof as he may deem 
of national interest and importance. The Regents of the Smithsonian 
Institution are authorized to permit said naticmal society to deposit its 
collections, manuscripts, books, pamphlets, and other material for his- 
tory in the Smithsonian Institution or in the National Museum, at their 
discretion, upon such conditions and under such rules as they shall pre- 
scribe. 

Approved, February 20, 1896. 

Finances. 

The experience of the past year convinces me that the re- 
ceipts from the per capita tax are not sufficient for the proper 
conduct of the affairs of the Grand Army of the Repubhc. 

In the last administration no difficulty was experienced be- 
cause General Blackmar paid his travelling and other ex- 
penses as Commander-in-Chief, and no charge was made by 
him for the rent of the offices used as National Headquarters. 

The Blackmar legacy of S3, 000. has enabled this administra- 
tion to get along fairly well, but to do so economy in every di- 
rection has been necessary. The offices have not been carpeted, 
and two tables, a desk, and six office chairs have been loaned 
by the Commander-in-Chief. The two rooms rented for Na- 
tional Headquarters contain a permanent safe, and book 
shelves about the rooms, for which there was no charge other 
than the modest rent of $25.00 a month. 

There has been great care in the use of stationery, and for 
want of a stand the letter press has been mounted on one end 
of a desk, and the official seal has to be used on an old pack- 
ing box. Nevertheless we got along, as I have said, fairly well, 
the offices were comfortable, the outlook was pleasant, the 



140 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

duties of the office of Adjutant General were interesting and 
afforded an opportunity of making many valued acquaintances 
among the officials of the several departments, from whom I have 
received the utmost courtesy and consideration. 

Every officer with whom I have had official relations either 
National or Departmental, has endeavored to Hghten the duties 
of the Adjutant General by performing his duties promptly 
and efficiently — I say endeavored, for with many of the As- 
sistant Adjutants General the spirit is willing, but the Posts 
are slow in responding to the requirements of the Rules and 
Regulations. 

Now with this digression in which I wish to express my sin- 
cere appreciation of the comradely spirit in which all the re- 
quirements of National Headquarters have been met, I will re- 
turn to the subject of our finances. As I have said, economy 
has been the settled purpose of the administration, but further 
than that, it has also been necessary. Thus far there has been 
but one meeting of the Council of Administration, and that at 
Denver, and one meeting of the Executive Conmiittee; other 
matters requiring their attention have been transacted by 
means of circular letters, thus saving travelling expenses. Where 
ever possible the mails have been used instead of the telegraph. 
It is true we have had a telephone installed, but that is now an 
office necessity, and there is no messenger allowed, so the one 
clerk and the Adjutant General have had to do the necessary 
running around, as well as the office work which has kept us 
constantly busy. Perhaps busy is too gentle a word, for there 
really should be another clerk provided for several months in 
the year. The present clerk, (John J. O'Connor) who is a good 
stenographer also, is experienced, having served the last ad- 
ministration in the same capacity. I have found him invalua- 
ble; he is willing, diligent and does not lack initiative. After 
working every day from 8 A. m. to 5.30 p. M., he has very fre- 
quently worked at night, of his own motion, to keep up with the 
correspondence and other matters requiring attention. Noth- 
ing that I have said is to be understood as finding fault, but is 
stated that the Encampment may understand conditions at 
Headquarters, and that there is need for the readjustment of 
the conditions. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 141 

Salaries are all on a low plane, and not enough people em- 
ployed for the best interests of our organization. We need 
more money, and either the per capita tax should be increased, 
or some things issued without charge should be paid for; I 
think both should be done. 

When it is considered that the National Society of the 
Daughters of the American Revolution receives $1.00 yearly 
from each member of that association, in addition to Si. 00 paid 
to her own chapter, our national per capita tax of 3^ cents per 
year from each comrade in good standing is pitifully small. In 
my opinion it should be increased to 5 cents a year, which 
would increase our revenue about $3,500 yearly. 

The alternate suggested is to charge for some things issued 
gratuitously. 

1 . Each commission issued costs for the blank commission, 
engrossing, seal, mailing tube, and postage, not counting the 
time of the clerk in addressing and mailing about twenty-five- 
cents. While there should not be any charge for commissions 
to elective officers, there should be a charge for all commissions 
issued to appointive officers. The appointments, especially 
of Aides-de-Camp, are eargerly sought, and a charge of 50 cts 
or $1.00, preferably the latter, would be a source of revenue, in- 
stead of the commissions now being a source of expense. There 
is a further expense for postage, in sending a copy of each order 
issued, to each of the officers referred to, which amounts to not 
less than 15 cts or 20 cts annually. This also is a considerable 
sum in the aggregate. 

It is believed that the charge suggested would not be burden- 
some, and would be willingly paid. The point I wish to make 
is that such commissions should not be a matter of expense to 
the association. 

2. The Journals of the National Encampment should only 
be issued gratuitously for official purposes, that is, to members 
of the National Encampment. I notice that the Woman's 
Relief Corps charge individuals 25 cts. a copy for their Journal. 
I think we should follow their example, first deciding how much 
of a distribution should be made for official purposes. The 
Journal costs the G. A. R., each year for reporting the pro- 



242 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

ceedings, editing the Journal, printing it, and packing and ex- 
pressage almost $3,000 for 6,000 copies, or nearly fifty cents a 
copy. Add to this the cost for postage to send a copy by mail 
12 cts, and it will be seen that a charge of 25 cts per copy would 
not reimburse the Grand Army one half of the ex-pense paid 
for the pubhcation of the Journal. 

3. If the G. A. R. is incorporated by Congress as suggested 
in another part of this report, it is evident that certain ex- 
penses would no longer be necessary. 

Our order must in the nature of things, rapidly diminish in 
number. The fund at present invested in U. S. bonds was accu 
mulated while our membership was at the highest. It is im- 
portant to add to it as long as possible to provide for the time 
when our income will not be sufficient to pay expenses. That 
time, under present conditions is almost, if not quite here now, 
and for that reason I have made the foregoing suggestions. If 
carried out, with the small increase in the per capita tax sug- 
gested, it is believed additions can be made to the invested fund 
for several years. By reference to the Rules and Regulations 
(Sec. 1, Art. 3, Ch. V.) it will be seen that the National Encamp- 
ment is authorized to "assess a per capita tax on each Depart- 
ment, not exceeding twenty-five cents per annum on each and 
every member in good standing therein." 

Conclusion. 

In bringing my report to a close I must bear testimony to 
the uniform courtesy received from the Commander-in-Chief. 
Our relations have been ideal ; there has been the freest inter- 
change of views, an earnest endeavor to promote the welfare 
of our organization, a constant desire without regard to time, 
place or circumstance to do for each comrade of the Grand Army 
of the Republic everything possible for his comfort and happi- 
ness, and to ease the burdens of those near and dear to him 
when he has passed to the great beyond. 

Constant to the principles of Fraternity, Charity and Loy- 
alty, he has exemplified in the performance of the duties of his 
great office that ever living principle of life, the brotherhood 
of man. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 143 

In the presence of a great sorrow that has visited our Com- 
mander-in-Chief, in the loss of his beloved wife, whose life was 
sacrificed while she was accompanying him on his official tour 
of visits to Department Encampments, this report is closed. 
She whose life has gone hence, was a strong, vigorous, noble 
character. Her life was devoted to good works; counselling 
the distressed, comforting those in trouble, lending a helping 
hand to the needy, she was an example to friend and neighbor, 
and died, as she lived, in the performance of duty. 

Words feebly express the feelings at such a time ; while they 
comfort and console, time alone assuages the poignancy of 
grief, and the soul looking forward to the reunion in that better 
land rests secure in the promise : "And God shall wipe away all 
tears from their eyes, and there shall be no more death, neither 
sorrow, nor crying." 

Respectfully submitted in F. C. and h., 
JOHN TWEEDAIvE, 

Adjutant General. 



144 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF THE QUARTERMASTER GENERAL. 



Office of Quartermaster General, 
Grand Army of the Republic. 
Concord, N. H. July 14, 1906. 
JOHN TWEED ALE, Adjutant General. 

Comrade : — I have the honor herewith to submit my report 
of the financial transactions of our Order for the term now 
closing, incorporating therein the supplementary report of 
the retiring Quartermaster General, covering the period be- 
tween August 3 and November 1, 1905. 

Total cash balance on hand reported by General Burrows to the Denver 

Encampment $1 0,927.03 

Divided as follows: 

General fund $4,668.68 

Southern Memorial fund 3,540.21 

Grant Stephenson fund 2,718.14 

The receipts and disbursements of General Burrows for the period men- 
tioned were as follows : 

Received for Per Cap. Tax $1,968.05 

" for sale of Supplies 806.47 

" for interest on bonds 80.00 

" for refund of Southern Mem. Fund 45.45 

$2,899.97 
Disbursements. 

Purchase of supplies $ 692.37 

For travelling expenses 1,192.77 

For salaries 553.65 

For postage, stationery & incidentals 1,804.82 

$4,243.61 

Excess of disbursements over receipts for the period named $1,343.64 

Deducting same from balance on hand August 3 $10,927.03 

As above 1,343.64 

$ 9,583.39 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 145 

Cash received November 1, 1905, by present Q. M. Genl $9,583.39 

Divided as follows : 

General fund $3,279.59 

Southern Memorial fund 3,585.66 

Grant Stephenson fund 2,718.14 

$9,583.39 
Receipts for the term : 

Per Cap. Tax $4,128.96 

Sale of supplies 3,499.75 

Blackmar legacy 3,000.00 

Interest on U. S. bonds 160.00 

Interest on deposit Natl. Bank 45.00 

Contribution Southern Memorial fund 55.00 

Total receipts $10,888.71 

Add balance transferred 9,583.39 

To be accounted for $20,472.10 

Disbursements for the term: 

*Grant Stephenson fund $2,718.14 

Purchase of supplies 2,224.98 ■ 

Travelling expenses 2,051.28 

Salaries 2,273.33 

Office expenses of the various headquarters 1,473.57 

Southern Memorial Day expenditures 2,296.46 

Printing for the term 4,403.32 

Miscellaneous accounts 674.75 



$18,115.83 

Balance on hand J uly 1 4, 1906 . $ 2,356.27 

♦Transferred to Monument committee, 

Louis Wagner, Treasurer. 
Divided as follows: 

General fund $1,112.52 

Southern Memorial fund 1,243.75 

The apparent shrinkage during the term in the amount ot 
available cash on hand may be readily accounted for as follows : 

First: No call for donations for the Southern Memorial 
Fund was issued, there being suflicient in the fund to easily 
meet the requirements. 



146 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Second : The Transfer from the custody of the Quartermaster 
General to Past Commander-in-Chief Wagner, the total amount 
of the Grant Stephenson Fund $2,718.14 

Third: The early date of the encampment necessitating 
the closing of the Quartermaster General's accounts before 
any of the Per capita tax for the term ending June 30th, (ap- 
proximating the $4,000.00) could be taken up on his books and 
credited to his general fund. 

Appended hereto are abstracts of both the receipts and ex- 
penditures in detail for the term; also inventory of saleable 
supplies on hand at the depot in Philadelphia, and schedule 
of the distribution of decorating flags in the southland for Mem- 
orial Day. 

The assets of our order include $16,000.00 in U. S. Consols 
in the custody of the Quartermaster General, Gun Metal in 
hands of Jos. K. Davison's Sons $195.00, and Ivithograph 
Stones $20.00. 

Respectfully submitted in F. C. and L. 

FRANK BATTLES, 

Quartermaster General. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



147 



Receipts in Detail from Nov. i , 

Sale of 
Supplies 

Alabama $ 5.54 

Arizona 1.11 

Arkansas 

California and Nevada . . . 190.70 

Colorado and Wyoming . . . 19.22 

Connecticut 40.03 

Delaware 19.77 

Florida 10.71 

Georgia 15.23 

Idaho 16.10 

Illinois 233.89 

Indiana 108.90 

Indian Territory 16.90 

Iowa 74.38 

Kansas 126.17 

Kentucky 29.13 

Louisiana and Mississippi . . . 38.90 

Maine 53.95 

Maryland . 39.03 

Massachusetts 210.16 

Michigan 74.53 

Minnesota 90.83 

Missouri 88.63 

Montana 28.75 

Nebraska 49.11 

New Hampshire 64.14 

New Jersey ....... 68.80 

New Mexico 17.73 

New York 365.02 

North Dakota 3.04 

Ohio 266.21 

Oklahoma 46.51 

Oregon 38.61 

Pennsylvania 538.19 

The Potomac 70.82 

Rhode Island 34.62 

South Dakota 23.30 

Tennessee 28.08 

Texas 4.85 

Utah 45.35 

Vermont 39.27 

Virginia and North Carolina 16.49 



1905 TO July 14, 19c 6. 



Per Cap. 
Tax. 

$ 2.21 

2.63 

9.20 

98.00 

47.85 

69.11 

9.86 

5.74 

329 a 4 
253. \C" 

7.8 

199.71 

186.42 

33.85 

18.38 

98.94 

36.42 

279.07 

202.41 

96.65 

137.52 

7.30 
77.05 
49.50 
79.86 

3.64 
480.85 

7.07 
401.10 
30.85 
31.80 
418.61 
39.69 
25.69 
28.73 
21.28 

9.17 

4.69 
50.26 
11.88 



So. mem. 
Fun. 



$5.00 




148 ' FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Washington and Alaska . . . 114.95 50.87 

West Virginia 18.79 20.51 

Wisconsin 89.19 138.90 

Woman's Relief Corps 18.00 

Miscellaneous 6.10 

Sons of Veterans 50.00 

» 
Totals 3,499.75 4,128.96 55.00 

Sale of Supplies, as above $3,499.75 

Per Capita Tax, as above 4,128.96 

Southern Memorial donations, as above 55.00 

Blackmar Legacy 3,000.00 

Interest on U. S. bonds, Warrant for July 1, not received . . 160.00 

Interest on funds in bank 45.00 



Total receipts for the term $10,888.71 

Abstract of expenditures from November 1, 1905 to July 14, 1900. 

Travelling expenses — Commander-in-Chief $1,500.00 

Natl. Officers and C. of A 551.28 

*Salaries to July 1st 2,273.33 

Louis Wagner, Amount Grant Stephenson fund 2,718.14 

Office expenses, including rent, express, telegraph and telephone 

> charges, postage stamps, fixtures and extra clerical help . 1,473.57 

Reporting Denver Encampment, $2.00. Editing same $2.00. 400.00 

Floral wreath for Natl. Chaplain 29.40 

Griffith-Stillings Press, printing . 2,030.76 

Gibson Bros, stationery and printing 1,457.97 

Town Printing Co., printing, including blank forms . . . 796. 

Times Publishing Co., printing Rituals 118.59 

Testimonial to Louis Wagner 150. 

Reporting meeting C. of A., Minneapolis 95.35 

Jos. K. Davison's Sons, supplies 1,879.90 

McFetridge & Co. " 6.00 

Carpenter & Wood " 312.58 

Corliss, & Macy Co. ' 26.50 

Dept. of Tennessee for Memorial Day expenses 400. 

" Texas " 130. 

" La. & Miss. " 200. 

" Virginia & No. Car. " 415. 

" Georgia 400. 

" Arkansas ' 100. 

Rehm & Co., decorating flags 651.46 

$18,115.83 
*Salary List. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 149 

Adjutant General $ 1,200. per annum. 

Q. M. General 500. 

Custodian of Records 720. " 

Hdqtrs. stenographer 600. " 

Flags shipped to Southern Cemeteries in 1906. 

National Cemetery, San Antonio, Texas 200 

Dept. Texas, G. A. R., Paris, Texas 720 

National Cemetery, Mobile, Ala. 1,071 

National Cemetery, Little Rock, Ark 5,837 

National Cemetery, Fort Smith, Ark 2,350 

National Cemetery, Fayetteville, Ark 1,262 

Henry Marcotte, St. Augustine, Fla 400 

Dept. Florida, G. A. R., Ocala, Fla 600 

National Cemetery, New Orleans, La 500 

National Cemetery, Vicksburg, Miss 2,000 

National Cemetery, Alexandria, La 1,322 

National Cemetery, Port Hudson, La 200 

National Cemetery, Natchez, Miss 1,000 

National Cemetery, Corinth, Miss 6,000 

National Cemetery, Nashville, Tenn 9,000 

National Cemetery, Murphreesboro, Tenn 500 

National Cemetery, Memphis, Tenn 1,000 

National Cemetery, Knoxville, Tenn * ' 3,500 

National Cemetery, City Point, Va 14 Gross. 

R. G. Grififin, Yorktown, Va 10 Gross. 

National Cemetery, Salisbury, N. C 10 Gross. 

John B. Newell, Richmond, Va 14 Gross. 

A. A. Hager, A. A. G. Natl. Soldiers Home, Va 21 Gross. 

Isaac Powell, Newbern, N. C 7 Gross. 

James E Fuller, Norfolk, Va 17 Gross. 

T. H. Hines, Hendersonville, N. C 2 Gross. 

Dred Smith, Portsmouth, Va 7 Gross. 

Samuel Wiggins, Plymouth, N. C 2 Gross. 

A. Batson, Wilmington, N. C 7 Gross. 

S. W. Davis, Marshall, N. C 2 Gross. 

Dept. Georgia, G. A. R., Atlanta, Ga 5,000 



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152 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF AUDITOR. 



1150 Tremont Building. 

Boston, Mass., July 5, 1906, 
To James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 

Dear Sir : I have carefully examined the accounts of Quarter- 
master General Frank Battles, for the current year, and found 
them apparently correctly kept, the cash receipts being prop- 
erly entered and payments supported by the necessary vouchers. 

I have also proved the balance of cash on hand June 16th, 
to be as called for by the Bank Statement that day, the last 
made prior to the date of my examination. 

I was also shown the sixteen thousand (16.000) dollars of 
U. S. bonds registered in the names of the Commander-in-Chief 
and Quartermaster General of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
the interest on which has been regularly entered in the accounts 
of the Quartermaster General. 

Yours, very respectfully, 
(signed) GEORGE B. KNAPP. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 153 



REPORT OF INSPECTOR GENERAL. 



New York, N.Y.July 9, 1906. 
General John Tweedale. 

Adjutant General. 

Comrade: I have the honor to submit my report as Inspector 
General, also the consolidated reports of the Departments re- 
ceived from Assistant and Department Inspectors. 

Upon assuming the duties of my office I soon realized that 
I had a difficult task before me. I found by looking over the 
reports of my immediate predecessors in office that it was next 
to impossible to secure reports or information from the several 
Departments whereby I could make a report. 

The amendment to our rules by the National Encampment 
in 1902, leaving it optional with the Department Conimander 
to order a general inspection has not been very encouraging, 
and it will grow worse. The Amendment enacted in 1902 
should be repealed. In General Order No. 2, October 23rd. 1905, 
on page 5, the following appears: 

"An Assistant Inspector General for each Department should 
also be recommended at once." 

After four months I had received the names of Comrades 
from twenty-eight (28) Departments for A. I. G. I at once 
communicated with them and sent each a circular, a copy of 
which follows : 

OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL. 



New York City, March 9, 1906. 

Dear Sir and Comrade: Having been appointed Assistant Inspector 
General for your Department by the Commander-in-Chief, I desire to 
call your attention to Chapter 5, Article 5, page 94 of the Rules and Reg- 
ulations — "Prior to the National Encampment at Washington, D. C, 
October 9th, 1 902, inspections were mandatory. " The General Inspections 
of Posts were left optional with Department Commanders. I do not 



, FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

know that a general inspection has taken place in your Department. I 
would say that in the absence of any specific designation of the duties of 
Assistant Inspector Generals, there is a duty of great importance, that of 
recruiting for the Grand Army of the Republic. 

In this connection I would lay stress upon the fact that there are at 
this time outside of our organization, about 400,000 soldiers, sailors and 
marines who are qualified for membership. We need them, and they need 
us if they but knew it. We need them in our work of Fraternity, Charity 
and Loyalty— They need us for sympathy, for companionship, and to 
renew their' youth by engaging in a work which arouses every feeling of 
true manhood. 

To secure many new members we must awaken enthusiasm. Who 
can best approach one who is not a member, if not his nearest friend and 
comrade^ That Comrade is the man, in the last analysis, we want to en- 
thuse So I ask Inspectors, Aides, and all other officers, to assist me in 
ur<^ing each individual comrade to wake up and go for his friend and bring 
him into our ranks. Ask him to camp-fires and other open meetings, ask 
him again, ask him many times until he gets acquainted and feels at home 
with the boys. He will then iust naturally drift our way because he wants 
to be with us, especially if urged a little by his comrade friend. 

Did your Department Commander order a general inspection of the 
Posts of your Department? If so please send me a copy of the report of 
Department Inspector. 

What Soldiers' Homes are there in your Department? Give number 
of inmates, and state anything of special interest that may occur to you 
in regard to them. 

What, if any, provision has your State made in caring for Soldiers and 
Sailors, their widows and orphans, also for caring for Soldiers, Sailors and 
their wives at the same home? 

What general legislation has bean passed in your State for the benefit 
of ex-soldiers and sailors and their families i> 

I respectfully request that you report to me by letter not later than 
Tune 1st, the general condition of the organization in your Department, 
and make such recommendations as you may think will be for the benefit 
of the Grand Army or of interest to the National Encampment. 

I enclose Inspector's Blank for your report. 

Yours fraternally, 
(Signed) M. J. CUMMINGS, 

Inspector General. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 155 

Three days after I addressed a communication to seventeen 
(17) Department Commanders as follows : 

Office of Inspector General, 
13-21 Park Row. 
New York City, March r2th, 1906. 
My Dear Commander: 

In General Orders No. 2 issued from National Headquarters, Washing- 
ton, D. C. under date of October 23rd, 1905, the following appeared: 

"An Assistant Inspector General for each Department should also 
be recommended a/ o»?a'. " 
No such recommendations have been received from your Department. 
I do not desire to report to the Adjutant General without including your 
Department. 

Kindly answer the following : 

Did you, as Department Commander order a general inspection of the 
Posts of your Department? If so please send me a copy of the report of 
your Department Inspectors. 

What Soldiers' Homes are there in your Department? Give number 
of inmates, and state anything of special interest that may occur to you 
in regard to them. 

\\'hat, if any, provision has your State made in caring for Soldiers and 
Sailors, their widows and orphans, also for caring for Soldiers and Sailors, 
and their wives at the same home? 

What general legislation has been passed in your State for the benefit 
of ex-soldiers and sailors and their families' 

1 request that a report be made to me by letter not later than June 1st 
of the general condition of the Organization in your Department, and make 
such recommendations as you may think will be for the best interests of 
the Grand Army or of interest to the National Encampment. 
I enclose Inspector's Blank for your report. 
Yours respectfully, 

(Signed) M. J. Cummings, 

Inspector General. 

I delayed making my report as long as possible. I desired 
to hear from all. There are many I have not heard a word from. 
To-day — July 3rd — I have received the best report made by an 
A. L G. 

Through you I desire to extend to the Commander-in-Chief 
my sincere thanks for the high honor of my appointment as 
Inspector General. 

Yours in F. C. and L. 

M. J. CUMMINGS, 

Inspector General. 



156 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



Following is a summary of the reports from the several De- 
partments : 

CONNECTICUT. 

Theodore A. Sage — A. I. G. 

I have during the year made an inspection of the "Fitch's Home" for 
01-d Soldiers at Noroton, Conn, which is the State Soldiers Home; an at- 
tractive and elegant house, situated on high grounds overlooking Long 
Island Sound, on the line of the Consolidated Railroad and of easy access. 
The House is controlled by an efficient Hospital Board, the Chairman of 
which is the Governor of the State, supported by U. S. Allowance and 
appropriations from State of Connecticut mainly, but many contributions 
are made at different times by friends, G. A. R. Posts and W. R. Corps. 
The average number of inmates year ending March 31st, 1906 was 554 — 
number of deaths same year — 63. 

The Hospital connected with the House is well equipped and provided 
with a number of Doctors (specialists) and a Corps of Red Cross Nurses, 
both male and female, who are under the supervision of M. W. Robinson, 
M. D. who is the resident Physician and Surgeon. 

An additional supply of water has been furnished by sinking two artesian 
wells, one a flowing stream and with a tank built on tower, into which the 
compressed air plant is constantly pumping the pure water. We have 
not only an adequate supply of good pure water for use of all, but a safe- 
guard in case of fire, as the tank overtops by far all the buildings. This 
has been added during the past two years. 

During the past year, a room has been provided, into which 1 Billiard 
and 3 Pool tables have been placed, and the source of enjoyment derived 
by the Old Soldiers must be sure to be appreciated in their use. 

Also a smoking room in connection with the Hospital has been added 
during the past year, a light and pleasant building by itself, well ventilated 
steam-heated and electric light entered by enclosed walk &c. which makes 
it easy and perfectly dry of access. 

Great credit is due to all connected with the House as Officers, in the good 
judgment shown to make the House as enjoyable as is possible. Much 
more could be added, but I will close on Soliders Home at Noroton, Con- 
necticut. 

This Department has an Auxiliary, the Woman's Relief Corps, which 
we think is second to none, according to its members, in its charitable work 
in relieving Old Soldiers, their wives, orphans, &c. 
No. of Corps in the Department — 44 
No. of Members " " 2S65 

Expended for relief — year ending March 31st, 1906 $ 2,883.64 

Turned over to Posts $861.52 

Amount expended for relief since organized $44,930.39 

Amount turned over to Posts since organized $12,623.34 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 157 

Among other work accomplished by the W. R. C. of this Department 
is the purchase of a Home for aged and indigent Veterans, a description 
of which is given me by the President of the W. R. C. Home. Mrs. Eliza- 
beth H. Bevin, which I will enclose. 

The Department of Connecticut, G. A. R. is in good condition, our An- 
nual Report at State Encampment shows that we have lost one Post by 
surrender of Charter. 

A net loss of 1 Post and 40 Comrades, not a bad showing when you take 
into consideration the death rate of 149 and delinquent report of 43 which 
practically make a gain of 3 over last year, as the Post surrendering Char- 
ter has since made good. 



IDAHO. 
Samuel Friend, A. I. G. and M. H. Barber, Dept. Insp. 

There is but one Soldiers Home in this Department — it is the "Idaho 
State SoUders Home," situated at the Capitol of the State. The United 
States Government furnishes $8.33 ^^ per month for each member in actual 
attendance — the State of Idaho appropriating the balance needed for the 
maintenance of the institution. There are at present 125 members in the 
Home. Last year a new hospital was built in connection with the home 
at a cost of $10,000. 

I enclose herewith a copy of the Department Inspector's, Comrade M. H. 
Barber's report which shows a total of 465 members in good standing in 
the Department. 

Idaho is gaining 'population very fast and with these seeking homes 
here under the great irrigation projects and elsewhere throughout the 
State, are many old soldiers who will no doubt line up with their Com- 
rades in this Department and increase our membership in the next An- 
nual Report. 



ILLINOIS. 



Charles A. Partridge, Acting A. I. G. and Acting Dept. Inspector 
No Inspection Held. 

January 1st, 1905 there were 532 Posts and 19,559 members in good 
standing in the Department. December 31st, 1905, there were 527 Posts 
and 18,796 members in good standing. The death loss was 766, and 5 
Posts surrendered their charters. The loss in membership was 763, or 
three less than the deaths. 

The Posts expended for relief $4,622.15. On the formal blank I give 
a few other figures. 

The State Soldiers' Home at Quincy cares for an average of 1533 mem- 
bers. Two additional cottages are nearing completion; also a new library 
building. 



158 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Provision for the soldier and his wife to go together has never been made, 
but an organized effort will be made along this line this year. It is an- 
ticipated that the number of members in this Home will lessen from this 
time on, and that some of the cottages can be so arranged as to give apart- 
ments to a soldier and his wife, the plan to be carried on as the years pass 
by until all are cared for who need the assistance thus proposed. 

The Widows Home, at Wilmington, now provides for about 90. To 
this Home the widow, wife, sister or mother is eligible, but almost every 
member is a widow. 

The Orphans' Home, at Normal, is providing for about 330 children. 
The age limit is 16. Manual Training and a School of Domestic Science 
are features of this Institution. 

The Department as a whole is in good condition, and while there are 
Posts that meet irregularly, and a few that are likely to surrender their 
Charters soon, yet there is a distinct revival of interest in some localities 
and a probability that our losses in coming years will not exceed our death 
rate. It is almost two years since a new Post was instituted. 

No recent legislation in behalf of veterans has been had in Illinois, th 
only laws on our statute books being those discussed in annual reports by 
Department Inspectors in years gone by. 



KANSAS. 

S. J. Churchill, A. I. G. 

Our State Soldiers Home at Fort Dodge, Kansas, is well conducted and 
well sustained. It is not only a splendid Home for the Old Boys but also 
a home for their wives and children, on the cottage plan. No. of inmates — 
Men 234— Wives 205— Widows 51— Girls 84— Boys 61— Total 635. The 
children have excellent advantages for education. All have everything 
they need to make them happy. The Western Branch of the National 
Soldiers Home is near Leavenworth, Kansas. It is a beautiful place, finely 
improved and up to date in all its Departments. Its condition is first-class. 
The inmates No. 4,108 of which 246 are sick. It is a vertiable "Garden 
of Eden" for the Old Boys and still some of them are not happy. "Uncle 
Sam" is surely mindful of his defenders. 



KENTUCKY. 
John H. Jones, A. I. G. 

There are no Homes for Union Soldiers in this State, and there has been 
no provision made, for caring for Soldiers and Sailors, and their widows 
and orphans. 

There has never been passed any laws in the State for the benefit of 
ex-union soldiers, and their families. The general condition of the order, 
in this department is good. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 



159 



LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. 
John SweenEy, A. I. G. 

I attended the meeting of the Council of Administration of the Depart- 
ment of Louisiana and Mississippi on the 17th of April last and went over 
the accounts of the Assistant Adjutant and Assistant Quartermaster 
General and found them correct in every detail. A General Inspection of 
the Posts of this Department were made by the Department Commander 
and they were found in excellent condition. The Department shows a net 
increase during the past year of 165 members which I think you will find 
remarkably good, in view of the general conditions. 

There is no Federal Soldiers Home in this Department. There is no 
recommendation in regard to the Department that I can suggest, its oflficers 
take a great deal of pride in the general efficiency and conduct of the affairs 
of the Department and our efforts are constantly directed towards increas- 
ing our membership from among those who have remained outside of our 
ranks. Much of the expenditures made by our Department have been 
the burial and assistance given outside Veterans of the Federal Army and 
Navy and their families. Our position here is quite different from what 
it is in other sections of the Union. Most people are laboring under the 
impression that we have on hand, funds for expenditure for this purpose 
and it is to be regretted that many of the calls come at the last moment 
from those that have never identified themselves with any Organization 
of any character. Our sense of pride compels us to assist these people. 
A great deal of the Department Commanders' time is given to such work. 
Speaking at the Encampment I stated your views in reference to the num- 
ber outside of our ranks and urged upon every comrade to work earnestly 
and constantly to bring into the Organization all Ex-Federal Soliders and 
Sailors Veterans of 61 to 65. 



MONTANA. 
Pope Catun, A. I. G. 

General Inspection Ordered. 
Soldiers Home. 
Montana has a State Soldiers Home beautifully located near Columbia 
Falls, Flathead County of this State. At present there are about eighty- 
three inmates. It is a splendid institution, well conducted and the old 
boys seem to be getting along nicely and as a general thing, are contented 
and happy. 

State Laws. 
Our Legislature has enacted a law caring for the Soldiers Home above 
referred to and it also provides in case of death of any old soldier or sailor, 
the County Treasurer of the county wherein said soldier dies must pay 
fifty dollars towards the funeral expenses. 



IgO FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

I believe this all the general legislation that has been passed in our State 
for the ex-soldiers and sailors and their families. 

NEBRASKA. 
John F. Diener, A. I. G. 
There are two soldiers homes in the State of Nebraska, one at Grand 
Island, and the other at Milford. At Grand Island, soldiers' wives are 
cared for in cottages — nothing of that kind at Milford. Both homes are 
in good condition, and the comrades are well taken care of. A general 
tax of one-tenth of one mill on all property for the soldier's relief fund ; 
each county collects this fund and is used in the county for the needy, 
disbursed by a committee of three appointed by County Commissioners. 
The organization in our department is in a good condition, but as one of 
my assistant inspectors said in his report "The G. A. R. has seen its best 
days — our organization is fast nearing its end. Our work is nearly done — 
our mission is almost accomplished. Our headquarters are in good con- 
dition — the G. A. R. has an office in Capitol building at Lincoln, Nebraska. 
Number of inmates at Soldiers Homes at Milford, 118 men and 1 2 women — 
at Grand Island, 212 men and 40 women. 

NEW JERSEY. 
Charles F. Kircker, A. I. G. 

A general inspection was made during the month of November, 1905, 
by order of the Department Commander. Replying to your questions 
I beg to report that there is a home in this State for soldiers and their 
wives located at Vineland, N. J., containing 176 inmates. I was unable 
to visit this Home personally, but a detail from Department Headquarters 
made an inspection and report that the Home is in splendid condition 
and that the inmates are contented and happy. The detail reports also 
that the Home should be enlarged and a number of improvements made, 
and the Legislature has been asked to make the necessary appropriations. 
There is also a Home for Soldiers and Sailors only at Kearney, N. J. I 
had the pleasure to visit this Home with General Curtis, the special In- 
spector of the U. S. Government and the Department Commander of New 
Jersey. This Home is a model in every respect and accommodates abou- 
485 old Soldiers; the men are under fine discipline, their clothing and bedt 
ding is in first-class condition and the Home and grounds throughout are 
absolutely clean, the food is excellent and of great variety. 

There is no provision in this State for the widows and orphans of Soldiers 
and, as far as I know, there is no special or general legislation for the ben- 
efit of Ex-soldiers and sailors and their families. 

I have inspected Department Headquarters and find books, orders and 
other papers in proper condition and all work up to date. Owing to the 
late date at which I was appointed, I could not cover the ground as well 
as I would have wished, but have tried to carry out your instructions as 
far as possible. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 161 

OHIO. 

P. S. Beakel, a. I. G. 

This department has 3 Soldiers and 1 Orphans Home. The National 
Home at Dayton, with an average of 5,703 members. The State Home 
at Sandusky with an average of 2,093. A State Home at Madison for 
soldiers, sailors, marines with their wives, mothers, widows and army 
nurses, 3 males, and 36 females are in this Madison Home. 

A State Soldiers Orphans Home, at Xenia, with 778 orphan boys and girls 
who are well cared for, educated and prepared to earn a livelihood on ar- 
riving at the allotted age. A law provides for the levying of a tax by the 
County Boards of State for the relief of indigent soldiers, their wives and 
widows, and to meet burial expenses of soldiers, sailors, their wives and 
widows. Whereas it is especially gratifying to report that these Soldiers' 
Homes in Ohio, so dear to our great Commandership was never under 
better management than now. The true soldierly instinct of obedience 
to the rules and regulations necessary to the Government of every Public 
Institution was manifest on every hand. The Officers are in strict har- 
mony with the duties imposed by law, and the ties of Commandership and 
in a high degree contentment and peace and order reign. These homes 
are ideal in their mission to furnish an abiding place for the defenders of 
the Republic, who are there, because of service well performed in defence 
of the right and the flag. The Commandants of these homes have most 
industriously sought to provide all the possible comfort to life, and to 
them we owe debt of gratitude for a voluntary duty to their comrades of 
the great civil war. 

This department is urging Recruiting for the Grand Army of the Repub- 
lic on every hand, and we have some very encouraging reports. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
William J- Wells, A. I. G. 

The Department of Pennsylvania always has, and, I hope, always will 
inspect all the Posts possible under its jurisdiction. The National En- 
campment of 1902, doubtless had good reason for its action in making 
it optional with Department Commanders to order an inspection; but my 
experience, gained by a service of over twenty-five years as Assistant, 
and Assistant District Inspector in this Department proves its unwisdom. 
The Post Inspection is the Field Day of post life, and, when the day comes 
—in Pennsylvania at least— for its abolishment, I would not hesitate to 
predict a sad falling off of enthusiastic work for our noble Order. This 
Department is what it is to-day, largely, the result of close and painstaking 
inspections. 

I have carefully examined the reports of the Adjutant, Quartermaster, 
and Inspectors General, made to the Department Encampment at Altoona 
on the 6th day of June, and from them, and the work so faithfully per- 



162 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

formed by these officers at Department Headquarters, I take great pleasure 
in expressing the opinion that this Department is doing a noble work all 
along the line and that Pennsylvania will continue to "stand by the colors" 
until the last Post and the last survivor of our beloved order have crossed 
the border into the Grand Encampment beyond. 

Pennsylvania has done much for the care of disabled comrades, their 
wives, their widows and orphans. She has well redeemed her promise 
made to the Volunteer Soldier of 1861-1865. 

The Soldiers and Sailors Home at Erie, containing over 500 inmates 
is a veritable palace, a real home, in which our disabled comrades find 
everything of the best, prepared by the bounty of the citizens of the Com- 
monwealth and under the care and supervision of members of the State 
Legislature, the Governor and prominent members of the G. A. R. appointed 
by the Department Commander. The generous, unselfish, devoted ser- 
vices rendered by this Commission, especially by its Grand Army member- 
ship, are deserving of the highest praise. Their sacrifices of time, pleas- 
ure and business, in order that no good thing be wanting for the comfort 
of our comrades, will ever remain a grateful remembrance in the hearts 
of the people. 

Under the auspices and through the devotion of the Woman's Relief 
Corps a fine Home has been established, known as the Pennsylvania Mem- 
orial Home at Brookville, Pa. designed for the care of the veteran and his 
wife, also the widow of the Veteran. I quote the Department Commander 
in his report to Altoona. "This Home is well adapted for the purposes 
for which it is used. The buildings and grounds are well located and kept. 
The loyal and unselfish women who manage this Home are painstaking, 
and see that all the comforts and conveniences are furnished the inmates, 
which, in any way, tend to make them more comfortable and happy in 
their declining years." 

Another Home at Hawkins, near Pittsburg, has been established by 
the Ladies of the G. A. R. for the care of the mother, widow, sister or 
daughter of the Veteran. This, like that at Brookville, is well situated 
and nothing is left undone by these noble women and their friends to better 
the unfortunate condition of those entrusted to their kind protection. 

Still another Home has been founded at 65th and Vine Streets in Phila- 
delphia, managed and maintained by the Ladies of the G. A. R., located 
in and around the City. It is pleasantly located, finely arranged and well 
equipped and is designed as a home for the Veteran and his wife. It is 
indeed a good home for them. 

The Soldiers' Orphans' Schools under management similar somewhat 
to the Erie Home for Veterans, are well managed Institutions and are 
additional evidences of the gratefulness of the State towards its soldiers 
and a grand fulfillment of the promise of Governor Curtin to "look after 
the soldier and his orphan." I again quote the Department Commander 
on a visit to that of Chester Springs. "I visited the school at Chester 
Springs, which is admirably located and well managed. The superintend- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 163 

ent and teachers are interested in the welfare of the children committed 
to their care. The instruction given will equal that of any school with 
pupils of that age. The books used and supplies are up to the standard; 
the teachers are well equipped for their work; the pupils appeared healthy 
and happy." Finally — The Soldiers Orphans' Industrial School at Scot- 
land is a great credit to the State. The buildings, machinery, and all 
necessary appurtenances required for a school of that character are a 
monument to the genius of the Commission who conceived, constructed 
and established this magnificent Institution and all honor is due to the 
members of the Commission individually, especially to our comrades who 
served upon it and gave so freely of their time and patriotic endeavor in the 
cause of the Orphan. 

Pupils from the schools of Chester Springs, boys and girls, also from 
Jumonville, at the age of fourteen, are transferred to this school and their 
studies are here supplemented by training in the industrial arts. Car- 
pentry, cabinetwork and pattern making are practically taught by actual 
shop labor to all boys showing aptitude in that direction. Machine shops 
are open to other poys whose bent is in that direction. Printing, tailoring, 
dressmaking, laundering are occupations taught to boys or girls by actual 
work in those departments. Half of the time is spent in school proper; 
the other half in industrial occupation. What more can the State do to show 
their appreciation of the sacrifices of her citi7en soldiery. 

I feel that I cannot close this report, without referring to the Patriotic 
Instruction so well begun in past years and so nobly carried forward in the 
present. The effort has received additional incentive through the action 
of the present Commander-in-Chief by his appointment of a special officer 
on his staff to look after and give it direction. In Philadelphia, and so 
far as I know all through the State, Comrades were not only appointed 
specially by the Department Commander, but others in large number 
preceding Memorial Day (were appointed) to visit the Public Schools for 
that purpose who did noble works which developed a greater respect for 
the Flag and a more generous display of the same, together with a more 
general and patriotic observance of Memorial Day. 

Having taught in the Public Schools for forty years from the close of 
the War until January 1st of this year, I was enabled as one of the appointed 
Patriotic Instructors of the Department to visit many schools personally 
and, in the week preceding Memorial Day I addressed from 2,500 to 3,000 
children, sometimes making 8 or 10 addresses a day. Pardon this personal 
reference. I have only referred thereto merely to show what is being 
done in this line. 

The Department is certainly doing good and healthy work and the future 
is safe. 



jg4 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

POTOMAC. 
Benjamin F. Bingham, A. I. G. 

In G. O. No. 6, August 30, 1905, the Department Commander ordered 
that a general inspection of the Posts of this Department be made in Sep- 
tember, October and November; and inspections of the Posts occurred 
in the months noted. While the inspections of Posts is optional with a 
Department Commander, the yearly inspection has never been omitted 
in the Department of the Potomac; and fortunate it is that the inspections 
continue to be made, for thereby the discipline of the Posts is maintained 
and the individual responsibility of the membership is more keenly felt. 

Within the jurisdiction of the Department of the Potomac is located 
the U. S. Soldiers Home — the only Home. The number of soldiers in that 
home is 900, and the funds on hand amount to over four million dollars. 

No special provision has been made in this Department "in caring for 
soldiers and sailors, their widows and orphans, " etc. But there is a Soldiers 
and Sailors Temporary Home located in the city of Washington, and con- 
ducted by a Board of Management, the members of which are elected by 
the Posts of this Department. The home was originally organized in 
July, 1889, and was thereafter supported by volunteer contributions, but 
now receives an annual appropriation of $5,500 from Congress. 

This is really a most beneficient institution, ably managed, and provides 
temporary relief for stranded soldiers and sailors of the war for the Union 
and the Spanish-American War. The Home has expended upward of 
$50,000.00, and has accommodations for about fifty or sixty men — by 
crowding this number can be exceeded. The need for larger quarters is 
very great, and strenuous efforts have been made by the management with 
proper committees of the present Congress to secure legislation looking 
to the purchase of a new home, with ample grounds, just outside the city 
limits; but as yet nothing definite has been accomplished. 

As to legislation: "The "Committee on Legislation" for this Depart- 
ment secured the passage by Congress of an amendment to the law per- 
mitting burial of Ex-Union Soldiers and Sailors who die in the District of 
Columbia in indigent circumstances, so as to include now those "who die 
or are buried in the immediate vicinity," and this amendment is being 
liberally construed by the Quartermaster General U. S. A. so that it gives 
great relief and comfort to many families in hours of sickness and death. 
The committee is working on the bill that has for its purpose the "marking 
of places of historic interest in the District of Columbia," and providing for 
an annual appropriation of $500.00 therefor. As this bill has the approval 
of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, the committee expects that 
it will pass at the present session of Congress. Since the close of the 38th 
Annual Encampment of this Department, the committee has secured 
final passage of the bill (long pending) "to prevent the unlawful wearing 
of the badge or insignia of the G. A. R. or other soldier organizations," 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 165 

and persons guilty of violating this law are now subject to a fine of $20.00 
or by imprisonment for 30 days, or by both fine and imprisonment. 



TEXAS. 

H. C. Adler, a. I. G. 

I inspected the Department Headquarters April 26th, and found them 
very well kept. The Department Commander ordered a general inspection 
but I am sorry to state that interest is lacking in the different Posts Inspec- 
tors as well as a great many of the members. 

The State of Texas is a very large state and is an agriculture and stock 
raising state, and the G. A. R. Posts as well as the individual members 
are scattered wide apart, from one extreme point to the other where G. A. R. 
Posts are located is something over 900 miles. I, myself had to travel 
nearly 500 miles to attend the State Encampment, and many of the in- 
dividual members who are farmers or stock raisers have to travel from 
30 to 40 miles to attend a Post meeting, and many of the old Veterans are 
getting too old to stand these long journeys in this hot climate. There is 
no Soldiers Home in this State for the Ex-union Soldiers, but I am happy 
to say that old glory flies to the breeze over nearly all our Public Schools 
and Public Buildings on state occasions. Our state has made no provisions 
for the care of the Ex-union Soldiers or their widows, and is not likely to 
do so. I do not know what remedy to suggest to arouse interest in the 
members as well as the eligible outsiders to build up our grand organiza- 
tion, as I have done everythiiig th^t I, could think of but it is some consol- 
ation to know that we have some of the grandest men in our organizatioTi 
that ever wore the Blue. 

I have failed to receive any communication whatever from 
the following Departments : 
Alabama, Arkansas, California and Nevada, Florida, 

Indiana, Main, and North Dakota 7 

DEPARTMENTS THAT MADE NO REPORTS. 
Arizona, Colorado and Wyoming, Georgia, Iowa, Mary- 
land, Missouri, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New 
Mexico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, 
Virginia, and North Carolina, Washington and 
Alaska 15 

DEPARTMENTS REPORTING IN WRITING, AND 
TABULATED STATEMENT. 
Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisi- 
ana and Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Potomac and Texas 12 



166 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

DEPARTMENTS REPORTING IN WRITING ONLY. 
Ohio and Oklahoma 2 

DEPARTMENTS REPORTING BY TABULATED STATE- 
MENT ONLY. 

Delaware, Indian Territory, Massachusetts, Michigan, 
New York, Oregon, South Dakota, West Virginia 
and Wisconsin 9 



Total 45 

The questions asked and the answers given by the several 
Departments : 

1st — Total Number of Posts. 

21 Departments report 3,616 

2nd — Total Number of Members in good standing. 

20 Departments report 134,696 

1 Department No answer 

21 
3rd — Number of Posts inspected. 

19 Departments report 2,307 

1 Department " None 
1 " No answer 

21 

4th — Number of Posts not inspected. 

18 Departments Report 1,233 

3 ' ' No answer 

21 

5th — Attendance of Officers and members at Post Meetings. 
8 Departments report Good 



4 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
4 

21 



• Fair 
. 40% 
60 
5 
. 12 
157 



No answer 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 167 

6th — Number of Posts in which the Ritual is properly exemplified. 

16 Departments Report 1,972 

1 Department Can't tell 

1 Department All 

3 Departments No answer 

21 

7th — Number of Posts where officers and Guards are properly uniformed 
and equipped. 

15 Departments Report 863 

2 Departments None 

1 Department Nearly all 

1 ' ' No report 

2 Departments No answer 

21 

8th — Number of Posts where members are fully uniformed. 

11 Departments Report 776 

6 " None 

1 Department No report 

1 Department Nearly all 

2 Departments No answer 

21 

gtVi— Number of whose records are complete and well kept. 

16 Departments report 2,044 

1 Department 50 per cent. 

1 Department Nearly all 

1 " All 

1 " Can't tell 

1 " No answer 

21 

10th — Number of Posts whose reports and per capita tax have been 

forwarded. 
19 Departments Report 3,311 

2 " All 

21 



168 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

11th — Number of Posts having a relief fund. 

17 Departments report 696 

1 Department Not reported 
1 " Can't say 

1 " None 

1 " All 

21 
12th — Aggregate of Post relief fund. 

17 Departments Report $298,041.09 

1 " Not reported 

3 " No answer 

21 

13th — Aggregate expenditure by Posts for relief. 

19 Departments Report $137,382.82 

1 Department Not reported 
1 " No answer 

21 

14th— Aggregate of funds in hands of Post Quartermaster. 

19 Departments Report $866,637.94 

1 Department Not reported 

1 " No answer 

21 
15th — Aggregate value of other property owned by Posts. 

17 Departments Report $1,127,758.15 

1 Department Not known 
3 Departments No answer 

21 

16th — Number of Posts with Woman's Relief Corps attached. 

20 Departments Report 1 371 

1 Department No answer 

21 

17th — Number of Posts with Sons of Veterans attached. 

13 Departments Report 457 

1 Department Not known 

1 Department 

3 Departments None 

3 Departments No answer 

21 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 169 

In the Department of Kansas, in addition to 176 W. R. C. 
there are 76 Circles of the Ladies Aid. 

In the Department of Potomac, in addition to 2 Camps of 
the Sons of Veterans there is one Camp unattached. 

Departments reported as follows: — 

5 Inspections to June 30th, 1905. 

3 Inspections to December 31st, 1905. 
7 Inspections to June 30th, 1906. 

6 Inspections no date given. 

21 



J70 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL. 



Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 

July 31, 1906. 

General John TwEEdalE, Adjutant General, G. A. R. 

Dear Sir and Comrade: I have the honor to submit the 
following report of my opinions rendered as Judge Advocate 
General during the year now drawing to a close. 

I. 

A Citizen who was impressed into the Rebel Army, deserted, joined the 
Union forces, and received an honorable discharge from the War Depart- 
ment. Is he eligible to membership in the G. A. R. ? 

Answer. No. 

Our Regulations provide that "no person shall be eligible 
to membership who has at any time borne arms against the 
United States." It has been many times decided that service 
in the Confederate Army, from whatever cause, whether volun- 
tary or involuntary, renders one ineligible to membership in 
the G. A. R. 

See Blue Book of 1902, pp. 46 to 52. 

These decisions begin in 1871 and extend up to 1891. They 
are tmiform and consistent. The proposition to modify this 
clause was considered and voted down at Portland, Maine, in 
1895. 

See Journal of that year, p. 392. 

Similar propositions, mainly to discriminate between volun- 
tary and involuntary service, have been introduced at succeed- 
ing Encampments, but have failed to pass. 

See Blue Book of 1904, p. 25. 

The only exceptions which have ever been made are : 

a. In the case of a citizen clerk in the Confederate Quartermaster's 
Department who did not join the Confederate Army, and took no oath 
of allegiance to the Confederate government. He made his escape, en- 
listed in the Union Army, and was honorably dicsharged. It was held that 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 171 

liis service as clerk was not such as to bring it within the meaning of "bear- 
ing arms against the United States. " 

b. In the case of a slave who had no power of volition, he was held elig- 
ible. 

The case stated does not fall within either of these exceptions. 

The applicant is not eligible. 

II. 

Should comrades who have been dropped for non-payment of dues be 
re-admitted with or without taking the obligation anew? 

Answer. Article 4 of General Rules, Blue Book, 1904, pages 91 and 79, 
provides in express terms that the dropped member on being re-instated 
shall not be reobligated; if he applies to his old Post for readmission he 
must pay not to exceed one year's dues as provided by that section. If 
he has changed his residence and applies to another Post, he will only pay 
the muster-in fee to such Post. 

III. 

Are members of the Pennsylvania Militia (Company E, 55th Regiment) 
who served during the emergency of the Gettysburg campaign eligible for 
membership in the G. A. R. ? 

Answer. Yes, so far as called into active service and subject to orders 
of United States General Officers, and thereafter honorably discharged. 

, By this test, J. P. of Company E, 55th Pennsylvania MiUtia' 
is eUgible. 

Article IV. of General Rules and Regulations, as amended 
by the Encampment of 1905, provides that "soldiers and sail- 
Qj.g" * * * * '"of such State regiments as were called into 
actual service, and subject to the orders of the United States 
General Officers between the dates mentioned" i. e. April 12, 
1861, to April 9, 1865, "having heen honorably discharged 
therefrom after such service shall be eligible to membership in 
the Grand Army of the Republic. " 

J. P. served with his Company and Regiment. He enlisted 
Juiy 1, 1863, and was discharged August 26, 1863. His regi- 
ment was ordered to Parkersburg, Va., about July 10, and 
from there was sent down the river to guard railroad bridges, 
and to intercept the noted John Morgan on his celebrated raid. 
It remained there until about August 25th, when it was ordered 
back to Pittsburgh, and mustered out. 

The official records show that when it became evident that 
General Lee would invade Pennsylvania in force, the Depart- 



172 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

ment of Monongaliela was formed, embracing portions of the 
states of Pennsylvania and Ohio, and all of West Virginia, 
General W. T. H. Brooks was assigned to command, with head- 
quarters at Pittsburgh. §t: 

Volume 45, War of Rebellion Records, 54-55. ) 

General Brooks assumed command June 11, 1863. (lb. 
45,-69) June 27th he was authorized to clothe and equip state 
mihtia for the existing emergency. (45 lb. 364-5; 133-4; 162; 
240-1 ; 435;) 

The official records show that the 55th Pennsylvania Militia, 
Colonel R. B. McComb, was called into ser\'ice during the 
Gettysburg campaign. It was a three months regiment, 727 
strong, mustered into State service July 3, 1863, and mustered 
out August 26, 1863. It was originally paid by the state, but 
Congress repaid the state by Act of July 21, 1866. 

Vol. 44, War of Rebellion Records, 215-16. 

July 7th, 1863, General Brooks was ordered by General in 
Chief Halleck to send all available troops in his Department 
to General Parker in West Virginia. General Brooks replied 
"on the same day, saying he had 650 six months volunteers in 
camp at Pittsburgh "all armed and equipped; also 2600 three 
months militia ; that can be ready to move to-morrow night. " 

Vol. 44, lb. 599. 

Pursuant to this correspondence. General Brooks, on July 
9th, issued an order sending forward these troops, which pro- 
vided as to the 55th Pennsylvania Mihtia, "Colonel R. B. 
McCombs' Regiment, three months militia, will report at Park- 
ersburg, Va." 

Vol. 44, I b., 624. 

The regiment went forward pursuant to this order, except 
Company G. 

Vol. 44, lb., 680. 

J. P. was a private in Company E, and with his Company 
and Regiment he proceeded to West Virginia, under the order 
of General Brooks, General Officer of the United vStates. 

On July 31st, 1863, the Regiment was, under Lieut. Colonel 
Samuel Graham, on duty at Clarksburg, W. Va., serving under- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 173 

General B. F. Kelly, who commanded that Department, in 
Wilkinson's Brigade. 

Vol. 44, lb., 815-16. 

General Kelly was also a general officer of the United States. 
He was placed in command of the Department of \A'est Virginia 
by order from the War Department June 24th, 1863, and he 
assumed command June 28th, 1863. 

Vol. 44, lb., 299 and 394. 

The Regiment remained at Clarksburg until August 25, 1863, 
when it returned to Pittsburgh, and, as above shown, was 
mustered out of the state service August 26th, 1863. 

Vol.44, lb., 216. 

Inasmuch, therefore, as J. P. served with his Company and 
Regiment after they were ' 'called into active service, and subject 
to the orders of the United States General Officers," he is 
clearlv eligible for membership in the G. A. R. 

The case is clearly different from that of the Missouri Militia 
passed upon by Judge Advocate General Amos Thayer because 
the Missouri State troops in that case did not serve under 
General Officers of the United States, as pointed out in Judge 
Thayer's very clear and conclusive opinion. 

See Journal of 39th National Encampment, pp. 141 to 146. 

IV. 

J. M. on his first enlistment, was honorably discharged; but, on reenlist- 
ment was dishonorably discharged. Is he eligible for membership in the 
G. A. R.? 

Answer. No. 

The intention of Article IV of General Regulations is that 
one who has been dishonorably discharged shall not be eligible 
to membership in the Order unless the stain thus caused has 
been cancelled or removed. This may be done, of course, by 
revocation or cancellation, by competent authority, of his dis- 
honorable discharge ; or it may be done by subsequent service 
and a subsequent honorable discharge; but w'here the first 
discharge is honorable, and the second discharge is dishonorable, 
the stain of the dishonorable discharge remains uncancelled, 
and the misconduct which caused the dishonorable discharge 
has not been purged. The existing record, that is, the final 



274 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

record, determines the eligibility; that must not be a clouded 
record which will reflect discredit upon the Order if membership 
based thereon were permitted. 

The person, in my judgment, in ineligible. 

As he has been duly elected and mustered, an inquiry should 
be instituted as to the real facts, and he should have an oppor- 
tunity to be heard on this inquiry, if he desires. If found in- 
eligible, his election and muster are wholly void, and the Post 
Commander should order his name dropped from the rolls. 
It is not a case where proceedings by court martial are applica- 
ble. 

V. 

One who desired to be elected Post Commander compelled the duly 
elected and acting Post Commander to resign by privately threatening 
to impeach him because of acts reflecting on his personal conduct wholly 
outside of the G. A. R. At the time of the resignation the resigning Post 
Commander was confined to his bed by sickness. The comrade who se- 
cured the resignation was thereupon elected Post Commander. Is his 
election valid ? 

Answer. No. 

I am of the opinion that a resignation secured in this manner^ 
under such circumstances, amounts to duress and co^rtion, and 
is void. I think the election of the comrade who secured the 
resignation in this manner is also void. 

The Department Commander should order an inquiry, and 
if the facts are found as stated, the original Post Commander 
should be allowed to withdraw his resignation, and should be 
re-instated in office. 

The comrade who secured a resignation in this manner ought 
to be court martialed for conduct unbecoming a soldier and -a 
gentleman, and for not complying with the Rules and Regu- 
lations of his Post and of the Order in preferring charges if 
there were not just grounds therefor. 

VI. 

A comrade appeals from the action of his Post direct to the Commander- 
in-Chief and the Judge Advocate General. Should his appeal be consid- 
ered? 

Answer. No. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBUC 175 

The appeal should be taken first to the Department Com- 
mander; then to the Department Council of Administration or 
Department Encampment; then to the Commander-in-Chief, 
who may refer the matter to the Judge Advocate General, if 
he desires the opinion of that officer. The Judge Advocate 
General should act only upon questions referred to him by the 
Commander-in-Chief. 

VII. 

At a meeting of his Post a comrade made application for discharge from 
his Post. The Post Commander delivered to him on a succeeding Post 
meeting day, but not at a meeting of the Post, and evidently prior thereto, 
his discharge from the Post. This was against his wish, and he was not 
willing to receive the same. Is the discharge valid? 

Answer. No. 

The Regulations provide; "Any comrade in good standing, 
on application to the Post Commander, at a regular meeting, 
shall receive at some subsequent meeting an honorable dis- 
charge signed by the Post Commander and attested by the 
Adjtitant, provided, that at the time of such application there 
are no pecuniary charges against him on account of the Post." 

Section 3, Article 4, Chapter 2. 

This does not contemplate that a discharge shall be issued 
to a comrade in the privacy of his home, or at his place of busi- 
ness, or wherever the Post Commander may casually meet him. 
It is intended that there shall be an entry in the records of the 
meeting at which it is issued or granted. An opportunity is 
also contemplated to determine whether there are "pecuniary 
charges against the comrade" on account of the Post. If 
objection is made upon that ground, as it may be by any com- 
rade, or the Adjutant, or the Post Quartermaster, the discharge 
can not be issued, if the objection is well founded. The inter- 
ests of the Post are thus protected by this pubHc procedure at 
a Post meeting. 

Furthermore, the decisions heretofore rendered^ in which I 
concur, recognize the right of a comrade to withdraw his appli- 
cation for a discharge. This right ought not to be prevented 
by any action of the Post Commander in attempting to force a 
discharge upon him on the day of the Post meeting, before the 



lyg FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

meeting itself. It is not in the interest of the Order that com- 
rades, who, under some sudden stress or heat, ask for a discharge 
should be deprived of an opportunity to withdraw the request. 
Membership in the Order is worth something to the comrade ; 
and is worth something to the Order itself. 

The discharge attempted to be issued by the Post Commander 
is null and void. The action of the Department Commander 
and the Department Encampment so holding ought to be con- 
firmed, and the appeal dismissed. 

One ground of the appeal in this case from the Department 
Encampment is "that the decision or resolution of the Com- 
mittee was introduced and adopted when there were not to 
exceed thirty delegates in the Encampment hall. " 

There is no showing of facts to support this assignment. It 
is obvious that the action of Department Encampments can 
not be impeached or called in question in this summary manner. 

But, as I think the appeal without merit, it is not necessary 
to make further comment as to this. 

The proceeding of a special meeting of the Post are drawn 
in question because not called by the Post Commander on the 
petition of certain members who desired a meeting to make 
arrangements for Decoration Day. At that meeting, attended 
bv the Senior Vice Commander whose discharge had been forced 
upon him, by the Junior Vice Commander, the Chaplain, the 
Sergeant Major, the Surgeon, and four other members of the 
Post, resolutions were passed declaring the discharge above 
referred to, null and void, and that the comrade remain a mem- 
ber of the Post ;also, that if any record had been made of such 
discharge, such record be stricken from the records of the Post. 

As the discharge was not valid, the proceedings of the spec- 
ial meeting are not material in any view of the case. 

It may be observed that while the regulations provide that 
special meetings shall be called by the Post Commander, none 
the less, if he refuses to call a special meeting on the petition 
of members of the Post to make arrangements, as, in this case, 
"for Decoration Day," and to transact other business, it would 
seem that he so far abdicates his functions that the SeniorVice 
Commander, or, if he is absent or disabled, the Junior Vice 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPLBLIC 177 

Commander, may call a special meeting. It can not be con- 
templated that the Post shall be deprived of the opportunity 
to make arrangements for Decoration Day by special meeting 
at the mere whim, caprice, or non-action of the Post Commander 

Respectfully submitted, in F. C. and L. 
CHAS. A. CLARK, 

Judge Advocate General. 



178 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF CHIEF OF STAFF. 



Washington, D. C, July 27, 1906. 
Gen. John Tweedale, 

Adjutant General, G. A. R., 
Washington, D. C. 

Comrade: When, immediately after his return from the 
Denver Encampment, our Commander-in-Chief sent for me to 
come to his house and there tendered me the position as Chief 
of Staff, my first impulse was to decline. I was reasonably 
sure that the position would entail a vast amount of work, as 
well as absence from my business, for which I could ill afford 
to spare the time, and, moreover, I felt that there were other 
comrades who could fill the place more acceptably than I could. 
The offer coming as it did, however, from a comrade with whom 
I had ser\^ed for many years in the Department of New York 
G. A. R., as well as from an almost life-long friend, I came to 
the conclusion, after thinking the matter over, that the honor 
was too great a one to decline. If my services have been sat- 
isfactory to him I shall feel amply repaid for what little I may 
have done to advance the interests of our grand organization. 

I find that it is the general impression among our comrades 
that the position of Chief of Staff is a purely ornamental one 
and that the man who fills it has nothing to do except to wear 
his honors gracefully, with a becoming uniform and a smile 
of satisfaction. My experience, however, has taught me that 
this idea is an erroneous one. When it is said that I have hand- 
led thousands of pieces of mail matter, out-going and in-coming 
have answered all sorts of inquiries ; have given advice as to the 
enlargement of our recruiting service, which, in passing, it is 
proper to say, has borne fruit — when all this is recited, the half 
has not been told. I have received letters from Aides in nearly 
every state in the Union, telling me of the good work they were 
doing in their efforts to fill up our ranks, and I attribute the 
large increase in our membership during the present year, in a 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 179 

great measure, to the faithful and energetic work done by the 
Aides on the National Staff, as well as to the personal popular- 
ity of our Commander-in-Chief. 

I am glad to take this opportunity to express to the Aides- 
de-Camp, one and all, my appreciation of their hearty co-opera- 
tion and of the many kind words that have been said and writ- 
ten to me. 

In closing, I desire to thank, officially, the Commander-in- 
Chief for the honor he conferred upon me in selecting me for 
his Chief of Staff, also to extend to you both my sincere thanks 
for the many courtesies I have received at your hands durirg 
our term of office. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 

FRANK A. BUTTS, 

Chief of Staff, G. A. R. 



180 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF THE CUSTODIAN 



Office of Custodian 

Independence Hall, 
Philadelphia, Pa., July 14, 1906 
JOHN TWEED ALE, Adjutant General. 

Comrade: I have the honor to submit this, my eleventh 
annual report as Custodian for the year ending as above. 

This department of the Grand Army of the Republic is still 
occupying rooms in Independence Hall granted for its use by 
the Department of Pennsylvania, free of all expense whatever, 
which includes heat, light, use of telephone, and all other con- 
veniences. 

I am adding almost every day to our Archives, and have 
recently secured from the Librarian of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia copies of all the Regimental Histories of the Pennsylvania 
Volunteers, which are now being written by the Survivors, and 
published by the State from year to year. The journals of 
Department Proceedings are collected regularly and properly 
hied, as well as all correspondence forwarded to me by the 
retiring Adjutant General; and all other matter relating to 
the War and its survivors is carefully laid away for the future 
historian. 

1 am not quite ready to have the Department Journals bound 
yet, and therefore ask that the appropriation of $100.00 granted 
last year for that purpose be continued for another year. 

Under the direction of the Quartermaster General I have 
purchased and issued all the supplies for the past year, a de- 
tailed statement of which appears in that oflficer's report; and 
have had printed and distributed the following Blank Forms 
issued free : 

24,050 Form A. & B. 

261 Form C. (In detail.) 
250 Form C. (Consol.) 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 181 

257 Form D. (Consol.^ 

82 Form E. 2 

4,645 Form H. 

548 Form I. 

9,199 Post Chaplain. 

117 Dept. Chaplain. 

2,725 Post Surgeon. 

63 Medical Director. 

165 Credentials. 

With thanks to the Commander-in-Chief and yourself for the 
many acts of kindness and courtesy shown me during the Dast 
year, I am 

Yours in F. C. and L. 

J. HENRY HOLCOMB. 
Assistant Onartermaster General and Custodian. 



^g2 ^ FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



MEETING OF COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION SEPT. 

8, 1905. 



The National Council of Administration of the Grand Army 
of the Republic met at the Brown Palace Hotel, Denver, Col- 
orado, on Friday, September 8th, 1905, at 8 o'clock p. u., the 
■Commander-in-Chief presiding. 

Those present were: The Commander-in-Chief, The Junior 
Vice-Commander-in-Chief, The National Patriotic Instructor, 
Adjutant General Oilman, and Comrades Jackson, Creighton, 
Newman, Rice, Holhster, McNeil, Bucher, Scott, Armstrong, 
Lothrop, Dennison, Richards, Taylor, Hersey, Foote, Collins, 
Sterrett, Gage, Tilden, Hewitt, Bigelow, Winans, Fitzgerald, 
Turner, Dunlap, Badger, and Cheek. 

On motion of Comrade Scott, Comrade J. L. Bennett was 
elected Secretary pro tem. 

Comrade ColHns moved that the Commander-in-Chief be 
authorized to appoint an executive committee to consist of 
the Commander-in-Chief, the Adjutant General, the Quarter- 
master General and seven other members of the Council of 
Administration, to be selected by the Commander-in-Chief, 
and the motion was carried. 

Comrade Sterrett moved that the bond of the Adjutant 
General be fixed at one thousand dollars, and that it be exe- 
cuted by a surety company and the premium paid by the Na- 
tional Encampment. The motion was carried. 

The Commander-in-Chief stated that he had the bond of the 
Quartermaster General in his possession, and that it was to 
Wilmon W. Blackmar, Cornmander-in-Chief and his successors 
in office. 

Comrade Scott moved that the bond of the Quartermaster 
General be fixed at the sum of eight thousand dollars, be exe- 
cuted by a surety company and the premium paid by the Na- 
tional Encampment, and the motion was carried. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 183 

Comrade Scott moved that the salary of the Adjutant Gen- 
eral for the coming year be not more than twelve hundred 
dollars and the salary of the stenographer at National Head- 
quaters be not more than six hundred dollars, such salaries 
to be determined by the Commander-in-Chief, and the motion 
was carried. 

Comrade Bigelow moved that the salary of the Quartermaster 
General for the ensuing yec^r be five hundred dollars, and the 
motion was carried. 

Comrade Sterrett moved that the sum of two hundred dollars 
be appropriated to defray the expense of reporting and furnish- 
ing two copies of the proceedings of the Thirty-ninth National 
Encampment and that the retiring Adjutant General shall edit 
the proceedings under the supervision of the outgoing Com- 
mander-in-Chief, and the motion was carried. 

Comrade Armstrong moved that not to exceed five thousand 
copies of the journal of the Thirty-ninth National Encamp- 
ment be printed, and distributed by the retiring Adjutant Gen- 
eral and the motion prevailed. 

Comrade Bigelow moved that the salary of the Custodian 
of Records be fixed at the sum of seven hundred and twenty 
dollars, for the ensuing year, and the motion prevailed. 

Comrade Scott moved that the Commander-in-Chief be 
authorized to draw upon the Quartermaster General for the sum 
of Two Thousand Dollars, or such part thereof as may be nec- 
essary to pay actual traveling expenses, and the motion was 
carried. 

Comrade Sterrett moved that the sum of two hundred dollars 
be allowed to the retiring Adjutant General for editing the 
Journal of the Thirty-ninth Encampment, and the motion pre- 
vailed. 

Comrade Winans moved that a committee of three be ap- 
pointed to procure a testimonial for the outgoing Commander- 
in-Chief, and the motion was carried. 

The Commander-in-Chief stated that he would defer the 
appointment of the Committee. 

The retiring Adjutant General brought up the matter of the 
action of the Encampment in relation to the remains of Past 



Ig4 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Commander-in-Chief Paul Van Dervoort, now buried at Cam- 
aguey, Cuba, and on motion of Comrade Scott, the matter was 
referred to the incoming Executive Committee with power to 
act. 

The retiring Adjutant General also called up the matter of 
the resolution presented to the Encampment from the Ladies 
of the Grand Army of the Republic, in regard to the remains 
of deceased soldiers and sailors, in abandoned cemeteries in 
San Francisco, and on motion of Comrade Winans the matter 
was referred to the incoming Executive Committee to examine 
into and report to the next Encampment. • 

A resolution of the Department Encampment of Kansas, 
requesting the President to appoint a Veteran as Pension Agent 
at Topeka was laid upon the table. 

The resolution relating to the treatment of inmates at the 
Home at Dayton, Ohio, was also laid upon the table. 

The two resolutions last referred to were among the papers 
handed to the Adjutant General by the Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Resolutions, not specifically mentioned in the report 
of that Committee to the Encampment but containing an en- 
dorsement that they w^ere referred to the Council of Admini- 
stration. 

Comrade Foote moved that a Committee of five be appointed 
by the Commander-in-Chief to prepare a proper resolution or 
memorial on the death of Past Commander-in-Chief John Palmer 

Comrade Towler moved that the Committee be directed to 
cause the resolution or memorial to be engrossed and a copy 
forwarded to the family of Past Commander-in-Chief Palmer, 
and that the retiring Adjutant General be directed to place 
in the forthcoming Journal a memorial page to Past Com- 
mander-in-Chief Palmer. 

The amendment was accepted and the motion was carried. 
The Commander-in-Chief: 

I appoint Comrade Gilman as Chairman of the Committee, 
with power to choose his associates. 

On motion of Comrade Towler the retiring Adjutant General 
was directed to insert in the Journal of the proceedings of the 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 185 

Thirty-ninth Annual Encampment a memorial page to our de- 
ceased Commander-in-Chief Wilmon W. Blackmar. 
The Council then adjourned. 

J. L. BENNETT, Secretary Pro Tern. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

In the matter of the extension of the bond of Quartermaster 
General Burrows, by the American Surety Company, on motion 
of Comrade Cheek the Adjutant General was authorized to 
take action for the payment to the said Company, of a pro rata 
rate for the extension of Comrade Burrows' bond during the 
time it was in force, from September 7, 1905, when his old bond 
expired, to November 1, 1905, when Comrade Frank Battles 
qualified and entered upon duty as Quartermaster General. 

The minutes of the last meeting of the Council of Adminis- 
tration were read and approved. 

The Commander-in-Chief, in accordance with the action of 
the Council of Administration, announced that he had fixed 
the salary of the Adjutant General at SI 200.00 per annum, and 
the salary of the Stenographer at $600.00 per annum. In doing 
so he called attention to the inadequacy of the salary allowed 
the Stenographer by the Council of Administration. 

On motion of Comrade Hersey, the Commander-in-Chief 
was requested to appoint a Committee of three Comrades to 
ascertain the wishes of Past Commander-in-Chief Vander 
Voort's familv with reference to the removal of his remains 
from Cuba, and if it is their wish that the body be brought to 
this country, to take such action, after conference with the 
Woman's Relief Corps, as may be necessary to carry out the 
instructions of the National Encampment. 

Comrade Cheek moved that a Committee be appointed as 
heretofore on Fraternal Relations with the Sons of Veterans, 
to consist of seven members. Seconded and adopted. 

Comrade ColHns moved that a Committee of three be ap- 
pointed, of which Comrade Scott to be charman, to take up 
the matter of reservations of rooms for the National and Staff 
Officers. Seconded and adopted.— Committee appointed : Com- 
rades Scott, Collins and Foote. 



186 



FORTIETH ANxNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



Comrade Scott moved that the Adjutant General be au- 
thorized to employ a stenographer to assist in taking a record 
of the meetings of the National Council of Administration and 
of the 40th National Encampment. Seconded by Comrade 
Cheek and adopted. 

^ Comrade Scott moved that the Adjutant General be au- 
thorized to approve the bills for the traveling and hotel ex- 
penses of the members of this committee in attendance at this 
meeting. vSeconded by Comrade Hersey and adopted. 

Comrade Hersey moved that none but Grand Army comrades, 
as posts or individuals, and their' accompanying organizations, 
and the marching flag as arranged by the Comrades in Minnea- 
pohs, be permitted in the line of parade. Seconded and adopted. 

Comrade Foote moved that a Committee of three be ap- 
pointed to make a report to this committee tomorrow morning 
relative to railroad arrangements and the validation of tickets 
at both St. Paul and Minneapolis. This gave rise to a dis- 
cussion relative to validation of tickets generally, and the mo- 
tion was finally deferred. 

Comrade Hersey moved that the expenses of the Adjutant 
General or the Chief of Stafif be paid while traveling by order 
of the Commander-in-Chief. Seconded by Comrade Cheek 
and adopted. 

• Comrade Cheek stated that he lives within 250 miles of Minn- 
eapolis, and will be glad to do anything at any time to assist the 
Commander-in-Chief or the Adjutant General to facilitate 
things for the next Encampment, without any expense to the 
Grand Army. 

At this point the gentlemen representing the railroads ap- 
peared and the hearing was resumed for the purpose of fixing 
the date for the next Encampment. Mr. Olds, representing 
the Western Passenger Association, and Mr. of the Chicago 

and Northwestern Railway, expressed their preference for the 
last part of July or early in August. The discussion then turned 
to the validation of tickets and the neces=^itv for more and larger 
validating offices, and stop-over privileges at principal points 
along the lines, which it was stated was a matter to be referred 
to the association of all the general and passenger agents, and 
suggestions should be made to them on the subject. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 187 

On the question of rates to points west of Minneapolis to 
the Pacific Coast, it was suggested by Mr. Olds that that was 
a question for the Northern Pacific people and he had no 
doubt they would make satisfactory rates. 

Following the discussion in regard to the validation of tickets 
and other requirements of the railroads to avoid "scalping,'' 
the following resolution was offered by Comrade Collins: 

"Resolved, That in view of the low rates already fixed by the railway 
companies for those who propose to attend the coming Encampment, and 
other concessions. made or to be made by the companies, that this com- 
mittee pledges the hearty support of the members of our organization, in 
the efforts of the companies to suppress, either by already existing statutes, 
or by injunction, the practice of scalf>ing (so called) of tickets issued for 
Encampment purposes. " 

Seconded by Comrade Hersey, who suggested that in lieu 
of pledging hearty support we pledge hearty sympathy. 
_ The Commander-in-Chief said: "As I interpret the express- 
ions in that resolution it means that, by our expressions and 
by our actions, we will frown upon anything that looks like 
dealing with scalpers on these tickets, and I do not hesitate to 
sav as Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army that I am pre- 
pared to go so far as to say, and say it over my signature, that 
in view of what the railroads are doing, it would be dishonorable 
on the part of comrades not to fulfill their part of the obliga- 
tion when they accept such reduced rates. I think perhaps 
Comrade Hersey' s suggestion is a good one, to change the ex- 
pression a little." 

A vote was then taken, and the resolution was adopted unan- 
imously. 

Comrade Scott inquired to whom application should be made 
for stop-over privileges, and Mr. Olds stated that he assumed 
they would be given within the territory of the Western Pass- 
enger Association; that is, from Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas 
City, and Omaha; and Mr. E. E. MacLeod, Chairman of the 
Western Passenger Association at Chicago, will give that in- 
formation. Comrade Collins said that Comrade Towler knew 
Mr. MacLeod well and he was detailed by the Commander-in- 
Chief to obtain the information. 

Recess was taken until to-morrow morning. 



138 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Minneapolis, Minn., Dec. 13, 1905. 

The National Executive Committee of the Grand Army of 
the RepubHc met at 10 a. m. and was called to order by the 
Commander-in-Chief. Present: Commander-in-Chief Tanner, 
Adjutant General Tweedale, Comrades Scott, Hersey, Cheek, 
Foote, Collins and Ives. 

Comrade Hersey moved that the National Encampment be 
held during the week commencing August 6th, which motion 
was seconded by Comrade Collins. During the discussion that 
followed, Comrade Foote moved to amend the motion of Com- 
rade Hersey to read August 13th, and Comrade Hersey moved 
to lay the question aside temporarily to take up other matters. 

With reference to free quarters, Mr. Nye, of the Citizens local 
committee said that they would be provided if application is 
made, say 30 days in advance of the encampment, but he real- 
ized that they will have to furnish free quarters to some who 
have not so applied. 

In reference to an inquiry from Comrade Scott, Mr. Nye said 
it was understood that National Headquarters will be provided, 
and also accommodations for the Commander-in-Chief and his 
official family in the hotel where the National Headquarters 
are estabhshed ; also a reviewing stand to accommodate such 
number as may be required by the Commander-in-Chief and 
the Executive Committee. Mr. Nye also said that it was con- 
templated by the local committee to erect a grand stand for 
their own people, opposite the reviewing stand of the Com- 
mander-in-Chief if the line of march will permit it. 

With reference to the reviewing stand of the Commander- 
in-Chief it was held that the tickets for that stand must be un- 
der the control of the Commander-in-Chief and the Execu- 
tive Committee, and that the Commander-in-Chief should be 
accorded the privilege of inviting the Governor, the Mayor, 
and such, other guests as he sees proper, to the reviewing stand, 
including ladies from the various organizations, viz-the Nurses, 
Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the Grand Army of the Re- 
public, Daughters of Veterans, etc. 

Comrade Scott, moved that the reviewing stand for the Com- 
mander-in-Chief be provided large enough to accommodate 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 189 

2500 persons seated, and that the tickets for these seats be 
turned over to the Commander-in-Chief for distribution. Sec- 
onded and adopted. 

In response to an inquiry from Comrade Hersey, Mr. Nye 
stated that a place of meeting would be provided for the En- 
campment, probably in the Auditorium, which has a large pipe 
organ, and capable of seating 2,640 people, not including the 
stage, on which 500 can be seated. 

In response to Comrade Scott, Mr. Nye said they would have 
at least two carriages at the disposal of the Commander-in-Chief 
for his personal use from the time he arrives at Minneapolis, 
until he leaves the city; also eighteen or twenty well broken 
horses for the parade, and military eqviipments, and several 
carriages for distinguished guests or disabled soldiers for the 
parade in addition to what is necessary for the Commander- 
in-Chief for his personal use; the Adjutant General to furnish 
a list of the gentlemen who are expected to have mounts. 

On motion of Comrade Hersey, further consideration of these 
matters was suspended and the question of the date of the En- 
campment was taken up. 

Mr. Nelson, Chairman of the Public Aflfairs Committee of the 
Commercial Club, was introduced, and addressed the committee 
on the question under consideration. At this point l\Ir. Olds 
of the Western Passenger Association and Mr. McNeill of the 
Northern Pacific Railway appeared and Mr. McNeill addressed 
the committee. Comrade Hersey then accepted the amend- 
ment of Comrade Foote fixing the date for the Encampment 
for the week beginning the 13th of August, and the roll being 
called the vote was unanimous for August 13th. 

Comrade Hersey moved that a committee of three be ap- 
pointed to arrange every detail for the 40th National Encamp- 
ment — a sub-committee of the Executive Committee — adopted, 
and the Commander-in-Chief appointedC omrades Scott, Collins 
and Cheek, as sub-committee. 

Mr. Nve, on behalf of the Commercial Club, extended an in- 
vitation to the Executive Committee to visit their club rooms 
tonight and dine informally, which invitation was accepted. 

Comrade Hersev stated it has been usual and customary for 



190 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

the local committee to provide halls and suitable places for 
camp-fires and re-unions. 

Comrade Hersey brought up the question of official badges 
for members of the Encampment, and Mr. Nye, said the local 
committee contemplate providing the badges, but that no de- 
signs have been prepared. 

Comrade Hersey moved that the local committee furnish 
1500 representative badges for the officers and members of the 
Encampment, the design for which shall be approved by the 
Commander-in-Chief, and the same to be under his control 
for distribution, or to be distributed by such members of the 
Executive Committee as he shall designate. Seconded by 
Comrade Cheek, and adopted. 

Comrade Scott: "The badges to be delivered in time." 

Comrade Hersey: "The badges when completed, and the 
die to be turned over to the Commander-in-Chief or the Ad- 
jutant General so there shall be no other badges made." 

Mr. Nye said this was understood, and that the firm which 
prepared the Denver design is preparing designs for them, not 
only the badges referred to but such committee badges as they 
may need. 

The Commander-in-Chief announced that Gen. W. P. Rogers, 
U. S. A., Assistant Adjutant General, G. A. R., came on from 
Washington to inspect the line of march, and had been over 
the proposed route with Comrade Towler, Junior Vice Com- 
mander-in Chief. Comrade Foote stated, at the request of 
Gen. Rogers who had left the city, that he, (Gen. Rogers) ap- 
proves the proposed route heartily, and that it does not exceed 
two miles in length. 

Comrade Hersey suggested that provision be made some- 
where in the line of march for the columns to pass each other, 
countermarch in some way, so the comrades may have a chance 
to see the rest of the boys. 

Upon a suggestion from Comrade Hersey, Mr. Nye stated 
that the local committee would look after the matter of secur- 
ing halls and places of meeting for the Woman's Relief Corps 
and other auxiliary organizations. 

The Commander-in-Chief stated that a special stand was 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 191 

provided for the Army Nurses at Boston, and in response to 
his inquiry Comrade Cohns stated that a stand was provided 
for them at Denver; — whereupon Mr. Nye remarked that they 
could obtain by correspondence information as to the amount 
of room necessary for these auxihary bodies. 

Comrade Scott suggested to the local committee that in the 
matter of railroad transportation it was important that the 
railroads do not give us too short a time to reach Minneapolis. 
Comrades in the East want to come three or four days before 
Encampment week, and the railroads are inclined to make the 
starting limit a little late for some Departments. He thought 
it was well arranged last- year. The Illinois Department 
will reach Minnapolis on Friday or Saturday before the En- 
campment. 

The Commander-in-Chief announced that he would reach 
Minneapolis Friday, August 10th. 

Past Commander-in-Chief Torrance suggested that the line 
of march be fixed by the local committee, subject to the ap- 
proval of the Chief of Staff— to which the Commander-in-Chief 
replied : 'Yes, General Rogers is here acting for the Chief of 
Staff." 

• In reply to an inquiry of Comrade Foote, Mr. Nye stated 
that the return limit on tickets had not been fixed yet, but that 
it would not be less than last year. 

Comrade Hersey suggested that it is usual for the local com- 
mittee to furnish for the National Headquarters, for the head 
of the column, a band to lead the column, and a band during 
the week for receptions and such occasions. This band, Com- 
rade Scott said, was distinctively known as the Commander- 
in-Chief's band. 

Comrade Hersey moved that Tuesday, the 14th, of August, 
be fixed as the day of the parade. Seconded by Comrade Foote. 
After discussion. Comrade Foote moved to amend by making 
it Wednesday, the 15th, of August, accepted by Comrade Her- 
sey, the parade to commence to move at 10 o'clock sharp. 
Adopted. 

After an interchange of views as to the character of the first 
meeting, which is usually devoted to the reception of the Com- 



192 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

mander- in-Chief and speeches of welcome, it was finally decided 
to hold an open meeting in the nature of a camp-fire, for speech- 
es and the receptions, on Tuesday evening, August 14th, at the 
Auditorium, at which all of the preliminary work will be done, 
except that the Commander-in Chief's address will not be de- 
livered on that occasion. 

As to excursions, it was stated there are many places to 
visit, including Fort Snelling, St. Paul, Minnehaha Falls, the 
Park, the Soldier's Home, and large boats on Lake Minnetonka, 
where on an island in the Lake, Big Island, a Wonderland is 
being built, to which a fleet of boats will take passengers every 
ten minutes, and doubtless a complimentary excursion to that 
place will be tendered to the delegates and their wives. 

The Commander-in-Chief stated that, upon the invitation 
of the Grand Army, James Whitcomb Riley attended the 
Louisville Encampment and delivered on that occasion the 
poem entitled "Old Glory." Time enough having clasped for 
something else from his pen that will also become a classic, the 
Commander-in-Chief requested the authority of the Executive 
Committee to officially invite Mr. Riley, to deliver a poem on 
the occasion of the forthcoming Encampment, the poem to be 
delivered on the evening when the reception speeches and re- 
sponses are made, and Mr. Riley to be the guest of the En- 
campment. 

Comrade Hersey moved that authority be granted to the 
Commander-in-Chief to make the arrangement proposed. Sec 
oned by Comrade Cheek, and adopted unanimously. 

Referring to the open meeting on Tuesday evening. Comrade 
Foote inquired if it would not be better to reserve the lower 
floor for members of the Encampment. Comrade Collins re- 
plied that he thought that could be done if the meeting is held 
in the Auditorium. 

The Commander-in-Chief said he would rather have the fact 
emphasized that the citizenship of Minneapolis is particularly 
invited, and that motion being submitted to a vote was carried 
unanimously. 

On motion of Comrade Scott, the committee took a recess 
till three o'clock in the afternoon. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 193 

AFTERNOON SESSION, WEDNESDAY, Dec. I3, 1906. 

The Committee was called to order bv the Commander-in 
Chief. 

Comrade Scott, from the Committee on Hotels, reported 
that the committee after inspecting the accommodations recom- 
mend the West Hotel as a suitable place for National Head- 
quarters, and have selected rooms for the same, and for the 
Commander-in-Chief and his official family, including a private 
dining room because of the inconvenience at such a time of un- 
dertaking to obtain meals in the regular dining room. The 
report of the committee was unanimously adopted. 

Comrade Foote ofifered a resolution extending our apprecia- 
tion and thanks to the railroads for their courtesies and for 
the kindnesses shown us at the meeting of this council from 
the start from Washington to our return. Adopted. 

On niotion the committee adjourned. 

JOHN TWEED ALE, 

Adjutant General. 



DECEMBER MEETINGS, EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

A meeting of the Executive Committee of the National Coun- 
cil of Administration of the Grand Army of the Republic, was 
held at the West Hotel, Minneapolis, I\Iinn., Tuesday, De- 
cember 12, 1905. 

The Committee was called to order at 1 p. m. by the Comman- 
der-in Chief. Present: Commander-in Chief James Tanner, 
Adjutant General John Tweedale, Comrades Thomas W. Scott, 
John W. Hersey, Phil Cheek, Charles E. Foote, L. W. Collins 
and M. V. B. Ives. Absent: Quartermaster General Frank 
Battles and Comrade Clayland Tilden. 

The Commander-in-Chief announced the first business of the 
Committee to be the selection of a date for our next annual en- 
campment, whereupon Hon. David P. Jones, ^layor of Minnea- 
polis, Past Commander-in-Chief Ell Torrance, Junior Vice Com- 
mander-in-Chief Silas H. Towler, Mr. W. G. Nye, Secretary 
of the Public Affairs Committee of the Minneapolis Commercial 



194 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Club, Mr. Olds, representing the Western Passenger Associa 
tion, and Mr. G. F. McNeill, of the Northern Pacific Railway, 
appeared before the Committee. 

In his remarks Mr. Nye stated that he believed the Western 
Passenger Association had already determined on a rate of one 
cent a mile within its territory, and in adopting that rate had 
expressed a preference for the third week in July, for the En- 
campment. After a free interchange of views, further con- 
sideration of the subject was deferred until 2 p. m. this after- 
noon, and the Committee proceeded to consider other business. 

The bond of the Adjutant General for $1,000.00, executed 
in the name of James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief of the Grand 
Army of the Republic, or his successors in office, by the Am- 
erican Bonding Company of Baltimore, Md., was submitted 
and on motion of Comrade Scott, was approved. 

The bond of the Quartermaster General for $8,000.00, execu- 
ted in the name of James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief of the 
Grand Army of the Republic, or his successors in office, by the 
American Bonding Company of Baltimore, Md., was submitted 
and on motion of Comrade Collins, was approved. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 195 



REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON LEGTSLATION FOR 
VETERANS IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE. 



Washington, D. C. August 13th, 1906, 
To THE Fortieth Annual Encampment 
OF the Grand Army of the Republic. 

Comrades : The report of this Committee both to the Thirty- 
eighth and the Thirty-ninth Annual Encampments was largely 
taken up with the fight against the bill known as H. R. No. 
15254, which, if it had become a law, would have resulted in the 
discharge of a large number of our comrades from the Civil Ser- 
vice, although thoroughly capable of performing the work re- 
quired of them, merely because they had arrived at an age fixed 
by said bill. 

In the report to the last Encampment showing the success 
of their work, your Committee said: 

"A new bill may hereafter be introduced and should that be done, the 
Commander-in-Chief and the Committee on Legislation for Veterans in 
the Public Service should see to it that our Comrades and their widows 
are exempt from its operation." 

In the present Congress the member who introduced and 
favorably reported said bill No. 15254 was assigned to the Ap- 
propriation Committee, and not unexpectedly to your Com- 
mittee, and in spite of the fight made against said bill and the 
strong showing of its injustice to the old soldier, which resulted 
in its defeat, there was reported as Section 8 of the Legislative, 
Executive and Judicial Appropriation Bill the same matter in 
substance as had been included in H. R. No. 15254. The Sec- 
tion was as follows: 

"Sec. S. After June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and six, there shall 
not be employed in any Executive Department or other Government 
establishment in the District of Columbia, any person in the classified 
service who is sixty-live years of age and under sixty-eight years of age at 
a rate of annual compensation exceeding one thousand four hundred dol- 
lars, or who is sixty-eight years of age and under seventy j'^ears of age at a 



196 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

rate of annual compensation exceeding one thousand two hundred dollars, 
or who is over seventy years of age at a rate of annual compensation ex- 
ceeding eight hundred and forty dollars; and after June thirtieth, nineteen 
hundred and thirteen no person in the classified service shall be continued 
in the employment of any such Executive Department or other Govern- 
ment establishment who has attained seventy years of age." 

The draftsman made it apply solely to the Executive De- 
partments in Washington, whereas No. 15254 applied to all of 
the United States, apparently with the idea that it would thus 
escape opposition in the House, as the Civil Service employees 
in the various districts would not be effected; but he forgot 
that the soldiers holding positions under the Civil Service 
in Washington, represent every Congressional District and each 
member of Congress would be sure to protect his own constit- 
uents, and your Committee believe would be as anxious to pro- 
tect every soldier in the public service. 

Your Committee by letter and personal interviews immedi- 
ately tried to reach every member of Congress whom they 
thought they could influence and showed to them the great 
injustice that would be done the old soldier by .thus reducing 
or discharging him merely on account of age, without reference 
to his mental condition or his ability to perform the duties of 
liis office. The Committee conceded the justice of reducing 
him to a lower grade where unable to fill a higher, but claimed 
that his services to his country, were such during the war and 
afterwards that he was even then entitled to be paid a salary 
sufficient to support him during the rest of his natural life. 

The Chairman called to the assistance of your Com- 
mittee the Legislative Committee of the Department of 
the Potomac, none of whom are holding office under the Civil 
Service, and they deserve much praise for their efforts to se- 
cure the defeat of this unjtist law. The Encampment knows 
the sledge hammer blows delivered to the same end by the Com- 
mander in-Chief. 

The sentiment of Congress was found to be verv much in 
favor of the defeat of this measure, and when the Committee 
on Rules on account of the bitter fight made against other para- 
graphs of the bill by means of points of order, brought in a 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 197 

special order exempting the bill from the operation of such 
points, they excepted this paragraph from this rule, leaving it 
subject to a point of order, which was finally and in due time 
made by our Comrade, General J. Warren Keifer, the hero of 
two wars, and the paragraph was striken from the bill. 

This continued attempt to discharge the employees of the 
Civil Ser /ice on account of age without exempting our comrades 
and their widows from its operation, when the injustice of such 
action had been clearly presented to them, not only by your 
Committee, but by a personal letter written by our late Com- 
mander-in-Chief, General Blackmar to the author of House 
Bill No. 15254, showing not only its injustice, but the gross in- 
gratitude the nation would exhibit to the old soldier by such 
an enactment, shows that some members of Congress have ap- 
parently forgotten the service of these same comrades during 
the war and the promises made at its close. They do not agree 
with the statement made on the great placard thrown across 
the front of the Capitol, on the days of the Grand Review that 
"The only debt we never can pay is that to the soldiers and 
sailors of our country. ' ' They think the debt has long since been 
paid and that the old soldier and sailor ought to be gotten out 
of the way because he is sixty-five years of age and his place 
given to a younger man. 

We claim that the strongest men in Congress, on the bench, 
at the bar and in all ranks of civil life are our comrades. Your 
Committee as a Committee and as individuals have always 
claimed that our comrades in the Civil Service without reference 
to age are the most valuable and efficient employees of the 
government, and we believe the President, our comrade as he 
likes to call himself, and which claim we are proud to acknowl- 
edge, thoroughly agrees with us in that claim, and that he has 
no sympathy with any act which would reduce or discharge 
them for age, and that it was for the purpose of getting at this 
truth, that he, after the defeat of said Section, ordered the Civil 
Service Commission to make a thorough report covering every 
case intended to be covered by the Section of the Appropriation 
Act referred to. By order of the President the Civil Service 
Commission furnished to the Chairman of your Committee an 



igg FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

advance copy of their report to him for use in preparing this 
report for the Encampment. Said report of the Civil Service 
Commission confirms our claim as to the standing and ser\dces 
of our comrades in the Civil Service. 

As the investigation of the Civil Servdce Commission under 
the orders of the President, was limited to employees over sixty- 
five years of age, the following tables only apply to our com- 
rades of that age. 

The whole number employed in the Departments at Wash- 
ington, 1626.^ 

Veterans 934, .574% CiviHans 692 .426% 

Number of heads of divisions and in executive positions 110. 

Veterans 79, .72% Civilians 31, .28%, 

Number holding professional, technical and scientific positions 

152. 

Veterans 83, .55% Civilians 69, .45%o 

Number holding clerical positions 767. 

Veterans 438, .57% Civilians 329, .43%o 

Number holding mechanical positions 211. 

Veterans 90, .43% Civilians 121, .57%o 

' Watchmen and those holding similar positions of responsibil- 
ity 321. 

Veterans 228, .71% Civilians 93, .29% 

Laborers 65. 

Veterans 16, .26%o Civilians 49, .75% 

The compensation received by our comrades is shown by 
said report to be as follows : 

17 receive $2,500 or more each 

66 receive 2,000 to $2,500 each 

88 receive 1,800 to 2,000 each 

94 receive 1,600 to 1,800 e: c'l 

1 23 receive 1 ,400 to 1 ,600 each 

Had Section 8 become a law every one of these comrades 

would have had his salary arbitrarily reduced on June 30, 1906. 

144 receive $1,200 to $1,400 each 

63 receive 1,000 to 1,200 each 

38 receive 900 to 1,000 each 

32 receive 840 to 900 each 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 199 

A very large part of these comrades would also have had 
their salaries reduced on said date, as many of them were older 
than the ages fixed by said law. 

The Secretaries of the several Departments of the govern- 
ment have full power under the law to reduce any clerk who 
is not capable of performing the duties of his office, and the 
fact that our comrades over 65 years of age are receiving such 
salaries shows that their superior officers find them capable of 
doing the work to their satisfaction or they would have reduced 
them. 

The report of the Commission shows the quality and the 
quantity of work done. Quality is subdivided into Poor, Fair, 
Average, Good and Excellent. Of our comrades 137 or 14 per 
cent are reported as average, 367 or 39 per cent.- as good and 
233 or 25 per cent, as excellent, making a total of 737 or 79 per 
cent, of the whole, and leaving but 197 or 21 per cent, who fall 
below the average quantity of work done by all clerks, young 
and old. 

In calculating quantity of work done, the Commission rates 
by tenths, and found the percentage for all clerks over sixty- 
five to be .795 per cent, of a possible quantity, whilst the per- 
centage of the veterans over sixty-five was .803 per cent., being 
nearly 1 per cent, higher than the general average. They 
report that of the 934 veterans, 253 are rated ten-tenths, 170 
at nine-tenths, 197 at eight-tenths, 140 at seven-tenths and 
85 at six-tenths, and 89 fall below six-tenths. The report does 
not show how many of the comrades who fall below the ten- 
tenths per cent., in quality or quantity of work done, are suffer- 
ing from wounds or diseases contracted in the line of duty, 
and by those causes are hindered from doing the full work a 
bodily sound man is capable of performing, but we know that 
there are a very large number thus affected, and that fact makes 
the report wonderful when carefully considered. It shows that 
the veterans are chosen rather than civilians to fill the high 
positions in the Departments, .72 per cent, being old soldiers. 
It shows that after the war they took up again their studies 
and as a result, 55 per cent, of the professional, technical and 
scientific positions are filled by our comrades. Neither do 



200 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

they fall behind the civilians in the lower clerical positions. 
Their discipline as soldiers especially qualify them for positions 
of watchmen, and it is a well known fact that the Captains of 
the Watch, most of whom are veterans themselves, always 
choose old soldiers for watchmen whenever they can get them, 
and that explains why they fill 71 per cent, of those places. 

Comrades, these are the men who, notwithstanding their 
services for their country, their abilities and their invaluable 
help to the government, it was proposed to reduce or turn out 
on their small pensions, and these are the men for whom your 
Committee fought. 

Your Committee believe efforts will continue to be made to 
accomplish the purpose hereinbefore shown and that the Com- 
mander-in-Chief and the Committee on Legislation for Veterans 
in the Public Service should be constantly on the w^atch to 
defeat all such efforts and to protect our comrades. 

MEMORIAL AMPHITHEATER AT ARLINGTON. 

This year's celebration of Memorial Day at Arlington has 
again emphasized the necessity for the erection of a memorial 
amphitheater in that great cemetery. In the past year many 
hundreds of our comrades have been put to rest in that great 
American Westminster Abbey. On every side are to be seen 
monuments erected since Memorial Day 1905, over the resting 
places of soldiers and sailors whose names and reputations are 
known over the whole world. No one comes to Washington 
without a trip to Arlington. It holds heroes from every state. 
The only amphitheater there, is a space covered by canvass 
and is a disgrace to the nation. The Secretary of War is in- 
hearty sympathy with the G. A. R. in the desire to have erected 
at Arlington a memorial amphitheater that will be an honor to 
the nation and that will endure for all time. The site has been 
chosen by the War Department and every arrangement has 
been made to act promptly when Congress provides the means. 
The Secretary of War has twice made an estimate for an appro- 
piration to enable him to commence the work and he has had . 
tentative plans prepared. Congress has each time failed to 
make the appropriation asked for. Your Com.mittee hns re- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 201 

quested the Secretary of War to renew his estimate for this 
purpose, and he has promised to do so. We recommend that 
the incoming Commander-in-Chief be directed to request each 
G. A. R. Post to pass resolutions asking Congress to make the 
appropriation necessary for this purpose and to send a copy 
to the member of Congress from their District and to the Sena- 
tors from their State to be presented to Congress, and that the 
Commander-in-Chief and the said Committee be directed to 
use every effort in their power to secure said appropriation. 

THE TEMPORARY HOME FOR SOLDIERS AND SAILORS 

The Department of the Potomac has fot many years taken 
care of our comrades temporarily in Washington looking after 
their claims against the government, who have needed a tem- 
porary home. They did this at first without help from Con- 
gress, but in later years a small appropriation has been made 
to carry on the work. The comrades of that Department have 
given their time and money willingly and without compensa- 
tion. Since the Spanish- American War our younger comrades 
have also found a temporary home in the same institution. The 
building is very much overcrowded and Congress has been 
asked to make a small appropriation to buy a property suitable 
for said temporary home. Your Committee knowing the good 
work being done for our comrades from every state, did what 
they could to help our comrades of the Department of the Poto- 
mac to secure the appropriation they need, but Congress has 
failed to pass the bill. Doubtless the matter will be brought 
up at the next session of Congress, and the Department of the 
Potomac will again ask the help of the Commander-in-Chief 
and of your Committee, which ought to be given to them. 

We recommend that this Encampment endorse the Bill pro- 
viding for the purchase of a suitable place for the temporary 
home for soldiers and sailors as asked for by the Department 
of the Potomac. 

Respectfully submitted in F. C. & L. 
I. G. KIMBALL, Chairman. 
ISAAC F. MACK 
LEO RASSIEUR 
J. P. S. GOBIN 
F. G. BUTTERFIELD 
JOHN R. KING Committee. 



202 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF TREASURER BENJAMIN F. STEPHENSON 
IVIEMORIAL. 

Philadelphia, July 31, 1906. 

Col. John TweedalE, Adjutant General. 

Comrade : The following is an abstract of the financial report 
of our Committee to July 31, 1906: 
Total cash on hand from contributors, Grand Army 

of the Republic, and otherwise $22,305.90 

Pledges made at Boston still unpaid $594.50 
" Denver " " $621.00 

A complete report in full detail will be submitted to the En- 
campment at Minneapolis. 

Fraternally yours, 

LOUIS WAGNER, 

Treasurer. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 203 



REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON BULL RUN BATTLEFIELD 
MONUMENTS. 



To THE Minneapolis Encampment op the 
Grand Army of the Republic. 

The Committee authorized by the Denver Encamp'ment of 
1905, on the Bull Run Monuments beg leave to present the fol- 
lowing preliminary report, based on a large number of papers 
submitted to us including an official investigation by the Mili- 
tary Committee of the House of Representatives. 

The facts are that soldiers of the Army of the Potomac erected 
these monuments immediately after the Grand Review in Wash- 
ington, and dedicated the same with solemn ceremonials on 
Sunday, June 11th, 1865, pursuant to orders from military 
authorities. A full history of the main facts will be filed sub- 
sequent hereto. 

Your Committee further report that the State of New York 
has made provisions for the erection of monuments on the Bull 
Run Battlefield for the 5th and 10th New York and for the 14th 
Brooklyn, which monuments are now under contract and will 
be dedicated during the month following your Encampment, 
We are informed that many other regiments, both Union and 
Confederate desire to erect monuments. Several markers 
have been placed in position by Georgia troops and other inter- 
esting memorials all of which seem worthy of permanent pres- 
ervation. 

Your Committee are of the opinion that the Nation is in 
honor bound to acquire title to the ground on which the orig 
inal monuments stand and they recommend that sufficient 
additional land be obtained to enable citizens of the Repubhc 
and tourists from abroad to visit these locations of historic 
interest without trespassing on private property. Instead 
of the purchase of large areas of ground, we would recommend 
the erection on Henrv Hill, in the field where the two battles 



204 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

ended, of a steel tower 100 feet high, which would overlook the 
vast theatre of war, stretching from the Valley of the Potomac 
to the Valley of the Rappahonnock and the mountain ranges 
to the west. 

The jurisdiction and management of the property to be thus 
acquired might very properly be committed to the care of the 
Commission having charge of the Fredericksburg and adjacent 
battlefields Park when established. 

In this connection it may be added that the General Assem- 
bly of Virginia, conceding the request of comrades of the Grand 
Army, has recently passed an Act ceding to the United vStates 
jurisdiction over such land as may be needed for the purposes 
named not exceeding two hundred acres, which, in the opinion 
of your Committee, would be more than ample to include the 
most interesting points and necessary roadways connecting 
the same. 

It is now quite generally recognized that the events which 
occurred on the battlefield of Bull Run wxre providential ; the 
reverses there encountered were part of the mighty struggle 
which in its final outcome decided that the United States was 
to become the leading nation of the world. The monuments 
there erected were the first of a thousand similar memorials 
and were built and dedicated by the soldiers themselves — 
their last act before their final discharge — -and it would be emi- 
nently fitting that these rough tributes of the soldiers heart 
to those of their comrades who fell on the first battlefield of the 
Great War should be preserved by us to future generations. 
It is earnestly recommended that the Encampment adopt suit- 
able resolutions urging favorable action by Congress in the 
premises. 

Respectfully submitted, 
EDWARD W. WHITAKER, Chairman. 
JAS. McDEER. 
C. A. E. SPAMER. 

Committee. 
Washington, D. C, 
July 20th, 1906. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 205 



REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON LINCOLN IMEMORIAL 



Toledo, Ohio, July 11, 1906. 
Col. John TweedalE, Adjutant-General, G. A. R. 

Washington, D. C 

The Committee to whom was referred the subject of a Mem- 
orial to Abraham Lincoln, submit the following report : — 

In as much as this most commendable object was originated 
by the Congress of the United States, and the Military Order 
of the Loyal Legion, your Committee deemed it proper to await 
an invitation from one or both of the committees represent- 
ing these bodies to meet them in furtherance of this matter. 
No such invitation has been received by us, and we were not 
advised that any action has yet been taken by them, either 
jointly or separately, to formulate any plans. For this reason 
your Committee has held no meeting. 

Yours sincerely in F. C. & L., 

JOHN S. KOUNTZ, 

Chairman. 



206 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



REPORT OF ALLAN C. BAKEWELL. CHIEF AIDE 
IN CHARGE OF MILITARY INSTRUCTION 
AND PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS. 



New York, August 1, 1906 
James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 

Grand Army of the Republic. 

Comrade: It is with a deep sense of gratitude that I take 
up this pleasure of making my eighth successive annual report 
to the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
concerning the work of Patriotic Instruction, assumed by our 
noble organization for the grand purpose of continuing a service 
to our Country which began nearly half a century ago when 
in answer to a nation's call we offered ourselves for its preserva- 
tion and welfare. 

The preserv^ation of the principles of a government does not 
consist alone in saving them from destruction, they must be 
maintained, and it was to this end that the Grand Army in 
addition to its fraternal purposes, and its charitable aims, added 
loyalty to its mission, by which its service, begun in the field 
might, along the years of its noble existence, add strength to 
the governing principles by inculcating a spirit of proper gov- 
ernment among the generation to follow that would tend to 
its surest method. 

It was for this purpose that patriotic education in schools 
was inagurated and has been industriously pursued — and it is 
gratifying to be able to report the continued success of this 
pursuit, now broadened into wider fields, by the establishment 
of Department methods, governed by the Rules and Regula- 
tions of our Order, established at the last National Encamp- 
ment. 

It was with some hesitation that your appointment of Na- 
tional Patriotic Instructor was accepted. Not because of an 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 207 

unwillingness to continue in my Country's service but lest the 
method hitherto pursued under the direction of one mind might 
not become too monotonous and less beneficial than if fresher 
thought should bring forth broader views and better energy to 
meet the requirements necessary for greater results. Your 
earnest solicitation, however, could not be easily declined, and 
I could but fell that your own patriotic force, Commander-in- 
Chief, and the depth of your own impulses, with the fullness 
of your faith in the cause, would supply my deficiencies, hence 
the acceptance, with a determination to employ my best ability 
to carry forward what, I consider, to be the grandest purpose 
of our organization. 

In order to operate under the new system established by 
the amended Rules and Regulations, it was deemed necessary 
to set forth the plan to be followed and the several Departments 
were informed in advance of the publication of the new rules 
that the methods to be pursued might be understood in their 
difference from former ones, hence there were issued the follow- 
ing circular letters : 

"Headquarters National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic, 
479 Fifth Avenue 
New York, October , 1905. 

General - - 

Department Commander, G. A. R. 
Dear Sir & Comrade: As you are undoubtedly aware, the National 
Encampment assembled at Denver adopted amendments to Rules and 
Regulations whereby Patriotic Education is to be governed. 

The Rules now providing for the appointment by the Commander-in- 
Chief of a National Patriotic Instructor, and by Department Commanders 
of Department Patriotic Instructors, who by virtue of their office, will be 
members of the Council of Administration. 

In view of the importance of this department of Grand Army work, its 
acknowledged benefit to the country in whose interests every soldier and 
patriot deems it his duty and privilege to serve, and which through grand 
results attained reflects credit and renown upon the Order, it is urgently 
requested of you that the appointment for your Department be promptly 
made and that the appointee be instructed to report his acceptance to these 
headquarters. 

It will be of great benefit to the cause of which we are all so justly proud, 
if the comrades appointed shall be of those who have ability and physical 



208 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



Strength to take up this service with deep interest and energy, and it is 
earnestly requested that the apponitment shall be made only of those who 
will accept the same for the sole purpose of aiding Patriotic Instruction. 

The rank of the Department Patriotic Instructor will be designated by 
an official badge with a silver eagle upon the strap, and he will be entitled 
to a commission issued from your headquarters. 

These Instructors will be privileged, when advised from these headquar- 
ters of the method, to a point, with your approval, District Aides, whose 
rank will be designated by one gilt bar upon the badge strap. 

Full instructions to Department Instructors will be issued from these 
headquarters and blank forms for reports, etc., to be made annually, will 
be furnished from National Headquarters. 

Yours in F. C. and L , 

ALLEN C. BAKEWELL, 
National Patriotic Instructor. 

Approved : 

Tames Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 
19th October, '05. 

"Headquarters National Patriotic Instructor, 

Grand Army of the Republic, 

479 Fifth Avenue. 
New York, November 20th, 1905. 

"General - 

Department Commander. 
"Dear Sir cf Comrade: "I have the honor to hand you herewith a 
copy of amended Rules and Regulations pertaining to Patriotic Instruc- 
tion and of a circular letter dated November 20, 1905, just issued to all 
Department Patriotic Instructors for your information. 

I am so thoroughly convinced of your hearty co-operation in advancing 
the noble work of Patriotic Education, that I do not urge it upon you, 
feelino' assured that you will not only render every assistance possible 
through General Orders, &c., &c., but will require continual and efficient 
service of your appointees. 

The Department Instructor is a member of your official staff and what- 
ever he does of value will add to your administration, and I would say 
that an early issue of commissions to Instructors and Assistants has hith- 
erto proved of much value in securing prompt service. 

Wishing you a full measure of success during your term, I am. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 
ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 
National Patriotic Instructor 
Approved : 

James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 
15th November, '05." 



grand army of the republic 209 

"Headquarters National Patriotic Instructor, 

Grand Army of the Republic, 
479 Fifth Avenue. 
New York, November 20, 1905. 

' Col. - 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



"Comrade: As you have been appointed Department Patriotic Instruc- 
tor by your Department Commander, it is necessary for me to outline your 
duties during your term of office, as approved by the Commander-in-Chief 
under the. Rules and Regulations amended by the Thirty-ninth National 
Encampment convened at Denver, Colorado, September 4-9, 1905. 

For your information I enclose herewith a copy of the Rules and Regula- 
tions as they now exist pertaining to Patriotic Education, and I am send- 
ing you by this mail, a copy of my last Annual Report to the National 
Encampment, which will be helpful to you in formulating your own plans. 

It will doubtless be apparent to you that under the rules which have 
been adopted, the field has been very much broadened since the operation 
is not confined to Patriotic Education in Schools, and yet, it is the purpose 
for the present to devote most of the energy to encourage and promote a 
regular system of teaching patriotism among the youth, that love of coun- 
try and reverence for the flag shall have been so deeply impressed upon 
their young minds when they approach manhood, they will become loyal 
cit zens properly equipped to govern the Republic when they shall take 
our places, for the honor and safety of the nation, as we are removed from 
active participation. 

Many states have already by statute made it obligatory that the Flag 
shall float over every schoolhouse while the school is in session, and it is 
therefore consistent that the Flag should be among school supplies. Not 
only should the Flag fly above, it should be one of the fixtures of every 
room, and there should be a daily salutation and exercise which can be 
interwoven with the regular and systematic opening and closing ceremon- 
ies of the day. In such states where the flag law does not exist, it is clearly 
the duty of each Departmnet Instructor to bend the utmost energy to 
secure its passage, and there should be a law in every state prohibiting the 
desecration of the Flag or its misuses for advertising or political purposes. 

Manuals of Patriotism for the use of schools are furnished by Superin- 
tendents of Public Instruction in several states. If this is not a fact in 
your Department, an effort on your part will doubtless secure such a bless- 
ing. 

It is urged that you have an Assistant Instructor in every Grand Army 
Post, regularly appointed by your Department Commander, upon recom- 
mendation of the Post Commander, whose duties shall be outUned by your- 
self, and you are advised to consult the Department Commander on this 



■10 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



important subject. These assistants should report regularly to you upon 
forms which will be prepared in due course, for the purpose. 

Co-operation with the Woman's Relief Corps is not only expected but 
urged, as this system has prevailed with them for some time and is practi- 
cally and beneficially established. In fact, it will be of great value to co- 
operate not only with the W. R. C, but with the Ladies of the G. A. R., 
Daughters and Sons of Veterans and all patriotic societies who are ready 
and willing to co-operate with the G. A. R. 

"Your rank as Department Patriotic Instructor is that of Colonel and 
of your Post Assistants, that of First Lieutenant, and all will doubtless 
be furnished with Commissions from Department Headquarters and will 
be entitled to wear the badge designating their proper rank. As it will 
be expected of you to make a report of your services to your Department 
Encampment, it will be well to keep a record of all important matters that 
the report may be full and valuable. 

The foregoing is arranged in a general rather than in a more specific man- 
ner, leaving much to your own judgment, as you shall be guided by the 
past conveyed to you through my last Annual Report above mentioned. 
Circulars concerning special observances, patriotic holidays, etc., etc., 
will be issued from time to time as occasion requires, and every opportunity 
will be embraced to carry forward this grand and noble purpose to keep our 
Flag aloft and our Country great. 

Correspondence with these Headquarters is earnestly invited and may 
be freely exercised and every possible assistance will be rendered to enable 
each Department to advance its lines and strengthen its posts. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 

National Patriotic Instructor. 
Approved : 

James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief. 

In the course of time Instructors were appointed by their 
several Commanders, until every Department was represented 
with the single exception of North Dakota — and the machinery 
was set in motion. It was very gratifying to me to observe 
that so many, who had previously served as Department Aides 
to assist in the duties devolving on me as Chief Aide to the Com- 
mander in-Chief in the field of Military Instruction and Patri- 
otic Education in Schools, were appointed Department Instruc- 
tors, doubtless in recognition of previous efficient and unselfish 
service, thus relieving me of an apprehension that possibly 
the change of operation might delay the steady progress of the 
work ; and it was also gratifying that the new system so gener- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 211 

ally met with the approval of the recent appointees who were 
familiar with the past. 

Birthdays of Washington and Lincoln. 

Believing that the setting forth before the rising generation 
the superb characters of Washington and Lincoln — represent 
ing as they did two widely different phases of life- — and illustra- 
ting that neither, an exalted or humble birth, disqualified an 
American Citizen from attaining to the highest perception of a 
nobler career, — would be a useful and attractive lesson to be 
impressed upon expanding and receptive minds, Instructors 
were reminded that the 12th and 22nd of February were golden 
opportunities for teaching patriotism. And while in many 
sections of the Country it was hardly necessary to bring these 
periods to the attention of Instructors, since the patriotism 
of those in charge of public education had forestalled such a 
proceeding by establishing in the School Curriculum special 
exercises appropriate for those days, it was considered within 
the line of privilege to issue the following circular that no local- 
ity might be neglected : 

"Allan C. Bakewell, 
National Patriotic Instructor, 

Grand Army of the Republic, 
479 Fifth Avenue, , New York 
December 28th, 1905. 

"Col - - t 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



"Dear Comrade: The rapid approach of the birthdays of Lincoln 
(Monday, February 12th), and Washington, (Thursday, February 22nd), 
renders it necessary for immediate activity in preparation for appropriate 
exercises in all schools in observance of them. The illustrious character 
of the two foremost Presidents of the Republic should be pre-eminently 
set forth on all proper occasions as an example worthy of emulation to 
inspire the youth to strive for similar virtues. Honesty and truthfulness 
are as commendable in "girls" as in "boys," therefore the occasion may 
be utilized for the benefit of both sexes to their advantage. 

You are requested to immediately confer with the educational author- 
ities of your Department to secure their co-operation in arranging for the 
recognition of the days through their instruction to the teachers under 



212 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

their charge. The program, with the pupils as participants in tableaux 
essay, recitation, patriotic song, etc., has been found to be interesting 
and instructive, and a public recital with adult audiences has been equally 
beneficial, especially among the class it is desirable to reach and impress. 

The example of the Woman's Relief Corps in offering prizes to scholars 
for worthy essays on given patriotic subjects is especially recommended, 
and the Department of Michigan is entitled to special mention for its earn- 
est and successful effort in this feature of loyal endeavor. 

On these days the exercises of flag ceremonies should be more elaborate 
than the daily salute and it would be most appropriate if the flag should 
triumphantly wave in all its beauty and grace from every building, pul)lic 
or private, where loyalty abounds. Children will appreciate tri-colored 
rosettes or miniature flags (either of which are inexpensive) and be im- 
pressed thereby with the importance of the occasion. 

The co-operation of the W. R. C, Ladies of the G. A. R., Daughters of 
Veterans and Comrades at large may be secured by invitation, and their 
presence and participation with the schools will add dignity and import- 
ance as well. 

It is also advisable that the clergy should be enlisted to recognize the 
days by special services in church and Sunday school, and with appropri- 
ate decoration and music. 

In answer to many inquiries by Department Instructors recently de- 
tailed for duty in the field of Patriotic Education, the enclosed circular 
recently issued by the Instructor for Massachusetts is offered and recom- 
mended for its clearness of statement and understanding of purpose and 
may be profitable to you, as it has been to me. 

I wish, as publicly as this circular will convey, to express my apprecia- 
tion of the special attention given by the Department Commander of Ne- 
braska in his General Order, No. 6, announcing his appointment of De- 
partment Instructor and the name and address of seventy-eight assistants. 
Such action is not only highly approved but earnestly recommended. It 
gives dignity to the office and importance to the duty. Attention is di- 
rected to the paragraph in my circular of November 20th, urging the ap- 
pointment of an Assistant Instructor in every Post. While this is not ob- 
ligatory, but permissible, if approved by Department Commanders, it 
will doubtless be beneficial if the interest of every Post should be enlisted 
in the grand effort of the Grand Army of the Republic to establish Patri- 
otic Education beyond peradventure. 

It would perhaps have been more consistent with the views of the Order 
if in the same circular the rank of Instructors had been designated by in- 
signia rather than by title and the paragraph alluded to is hereby amended 
to re?d "your rank as Department Patriotic Instructor may be designated 
by a silver eagle on the badge strap, and that of Assistants by a gilt bar" 
instead of the designation of "Colonel" and First Lieutenant." 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 213 

A copy of this circular is being sent to your department Commander 
for his information and he will doubtless aid you in all particulars to carry 
out its purpose. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 
National Patriotic Instructor. 
Approved: 

James Tanner, Commander-in-Chief . 

Later, it was my privilege to receive a copy of a By-Law of 
the Board of Education of the City of New York — which having 
become a fixed rule of a Board governing the education of the 
largest number of children in the country and in a locality where 
the offspring of so large a number of aliens are clustered, it was 
thought advisable to let it be known as widely as possible that 
the Grand Army of the Republic has powerful allies in its en- 
deavor to cultivate good Citizenship and promote the welfare 
of a country established on a republican basis. I trust therefore 
the annexed circular was not considered superfluous. 

"Allan C. Bakewell, 

National Patriotic Instructor. 
Grand Army of the Republic^ 
479 Fifth Avenue. 
February 19th, 1906. 

' ' Col _ 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



"Dear Comrade: I am informed that the following is a By-Law of 
the Board of Education of the City of New York; 

'"On the twelfth and on the twenty-second days of February, between 
the hours of 9 A. M. and noon, exercises appropriate to the day may be 
held in the schools, to which pupils and their parents and friends may be 
invited. Principals may make suitable arrangements for holding such 
exercises on either of the days mentioned, appropriate exercises may be 
held on the preceding day, but shall not begin before 2.15 P. M.' " 

"This information is extended to you that you may be encouraged to 
use your influence to have a similar By-Law established by the Bureaus 
of Education in your Department, and so constructed as to cover all pa- 
triotic holidays, general and local, occurring during the school sessions. 



214 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

"Such a permanent rule will obviate the necessity of an annual reminder 
of the importance of the recognition of such days with appropriate exer- 
cises for the promotion of patriotism. 

Yours in F. C. and L 
ALLAN C. BAKF,- iiLL, 

National Patriots ■ ■ nictor." 

At this time there was published the Fourth Circular of In- 
formation by the American Flag Association that contained 
so much of value to those interested in patriotic work, I deemed 
it important that the efforts and accomplishments of this Soci- 
ety Should be placed before as many as it would be possible to 
reach through the medium of the resources at hand. The 
preservation of the flag unshriven and entire had been the 
glorious achievement of comrades who had shown their cour- 
age on many fields of strife and the aim of this Association was 
to maintain its untarnished history and secure its purity and 
beauty beyond blemish of any character whatso'er. Holding 
it aloft as the emblem of righteous principles it was the endeavor 
of those combined for the purpose to establish it as an holy 
token of right that should not be degraded. To inculcate 
high regard for all it represents and to admonish those who 
would thoughtlessly or carefessly misuse it with common indig 
nity, was the aim of those who were united for the purpose. 
This also is the mission of the Grand Army of the Republic and 
any endeavor to encourage reverence for and loyalty to the 
Flag which rallied us to stormy centres and led us to victory, is 
a part of patriotic instruction and certainly within the line of 
our endeavor. A copy of the issue was mailed to each Depart- 
ment Instructor with this accompanving letter: 

; Allan C. Bakewell, 

N.^TioNAL Patriotic Intructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic, 

479 Fifth Avenue, New York. 
February 19th, 1906. 

" Col. .- - - 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



"Dear Comrade: There is being mailed to you under another cover, 
an issue by the American Flag Association of its Fourth Circular of Infor- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 215 

mation which will be found to be interesting and instructive. Depart- 
ment Patriotic Instructors will gather from it much information relative 
to the effort which has been and is being made to prevent an improper 
use of the flag representing the highest principles of our country which 
has cost so much in blood and treasure to create and preserve, and in those 
States which have not enacted a law prohibiting any desecration of it, 
no service can be more patriotic than to aid in securing the necessary 
legislation. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 
National Patriotic instructor. 

It became apparent at this stage of the year's proceedings 
that there was some misunderstanding as to the Hmit of time 
for which Department Instructors had been appointed, because 
in some instances it was not reahzed that the Department 
Instructors were responsible to their respective Departments 
rather than to the National Instructor as hitherto, and as En- 
campments were about beginning to convene for the election 
of succeeding Commanders and closing the records of the ex- 
piring administration year, it was necessary to remind all De- 
partments that the terms of ofhce of the Department Instruc- 
tors would terminate with those appointing them and above 
all to familiarize the Comrades throughout the land with the 
grand service of patriotic education now so generally submitted 
to their care and support, it was expedient that each Depart- 
ment Instructor should render to his Department an account 
of his stewardship through a report to the retiring body. On 
February 19th the following was issued : 

''Allan C. Bakewell, 
National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic, 

479 Fifth Avenue, New York 
February 19th, 1906 

Col.-- - - - 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



''Dear Comrade: The recurring Department Encampments are re- 
minders that under the Rules and Regulations the incoming Department 
Commanders will find it necessary to appoint a Patriotic Instructor who 
will by virtue of his office be a member of the Department Council of Ad- 



216 FORTIETH ANNUAIv ENCAMPMENT 

ministration. It is therefore earnestly requested that this letter shall be 
placed in the hands of the Department Commander as soon as elected, that 
there may be no mterruption of the grand work by reason of delay in ap- 
pointments. 

It will be very gratifying if this matter has your prompt attention and 
to the end that these headquarters may be notified immediately whether 
you are reappointed or succeeded. 

It will also be valuable if a copy of your report to your Department 
Encampment is forwarded to me at the time it is made to the Encampment. 

My warmest fraternal greetings are herewith extended to all Patriotic 
Instructors, whether retiring or continuing, to whom so much is due for 
unselfish devotion to their country's welfare (both in the days of war and 
in the time of peace) and whatever may be in store for them, my fervent 
hope is, that blessings shall greatly outnumber trials or disappointments. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 
ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 

National Patriotic Instructor." 

The foregoing circular was effective in so many instances that 
the vahiable reports, with suggestions and advice, have doubt- 
less given a wider knowledge of the remarkable progress and 
beneficial results than formerly prevailed, and the coming years 
will show the wisdom of placing upon the Departments the 
responsibility that now exists. What was hitherto a general 
service for the Country's good will now assume a more direct 
and compact proceeding reaching through the proper channels 
of official administration even unto the personal interest and 
helpfulness of the remotest comrade at the extreme limit of 
provisional supervision. 

Memorial Day 

This day is now so universally recognized where the heart 
of an American Citizen throbs and the observance so generally 
arranged for through Department General Orders, it would 
seem to be almost superfluous for Patriotic Instructors to con- 
cern themselves about it — and yet, in order to connect the youth 
with it and to impress upon them their privilege to join in its 
hallowed observance and to bring them in close communion 
with all it illustrates as well, as to combine a religious and pa- 
triotic influence of Memorial Sunday just preceding it, through 
the co-operation of the pupils of both the Day and Sunday 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 217 

Schools, it was approved b"y you, Commander, that a circular 
on Memorial Day should be issued from these headquarters to 
centralize the combined efforts of all ages, and classes, in the 
proper conduct of all manifestations the days might create. 
I am happy to report that the day has become more of a Holy 
Day than ever before, losing much of the character of sports and 
idle amusements that heretofore had marred its significance. 
Churciies were mo^e generally decorated and the exercises of 
Memorial Sunday more profitably and patriotically arranged. 
The Clergy have readily responded every where to the spirit 
of the hour and there has been an atmosphere of religious rev- 
erence for the flag stirred about it with the eloquence and pray- 
ers of the disciples of the Truth. The following letter of April 
19th, of accidental date, but pertinent withal, was the issue at 
the time. 

"Allan C. Bakowell, 
National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic, 

479 Fifth Avenue, New York. 
April 19th, 1906. 

"Col. - - 

Department Patriotic Instructor 



"Dear Comrade: Rapidly the march of time is bringing us to another 
Memorial Day, 
the day singularly and sacredly appointed in memory of our departed 
comrades the saviors of a united nation. 

It is peculiarly and appropriately adapted for teaching patriotism, 
and most opportune for attracting the youth to the most sublime purpose 
of the creation and existence of the Grand Army of the Republic. We 
have taken upon ourselves a grave responsibility and accepted a mission 
next to divine. 

Those who are to follow us in the duties of citizenship are the millions 
of children — many the offspring of the millions who are flocking to our 
shores for happiness and liberty, and no better insurance of peace can 
obtain than the inculcation of principles, having lofty purposes and noble 
aspirations that shall become established in receptive minds. 

If we help the children to reaHze that they are to become the future 
guardians of the nation; the protectors of our beautiful flag which is the 
emblem of righteous government, it will be a wonderful aid to the estab- 



218 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

lishment of permanent peace with the world and a safeguard against inter- 
nal strife. 

See to it that every school is reached in your Department that there 
may be appropriate exercises on Friday, May 27, and enlisting the co-oper- 
ation of the Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the Grand Army, Sons and 
Daughters of Veterans and all patriotic societies be present with them at 
these exercises to assist in the inspiring lessons that may be so fully taught. 

Secure if you can the co-operation of all church authorities, of whatever 
sect, that there may be a religious patriotic service on Memorial Sunday, 
May 29, and in the Sunday Schools have the day appropriately recognized. 
Ministers of the Word are Ministers of Peace, and they will recognize your 
request for a special discourse where the display of the flag will not be un- 
becoming. 

And on Memorial Day, when you march to the mounded places where 
our beloved sleep, take the children with you that they too may scatter 
the blossoms of spring over the hallowed graves where patriots lie. No 
grave should be too remote to be overlooked and those of the unknown 
should be remembered too. 

If you dwell by the river flowing to the sea, or on the ocean's shore, 
scatter beautiful flowers on the rippling waters or upon the heaving bosom 
of the mighty deep that there may float above the Sailor and Marine fra- 
grant tokens of an undying remembrance. 

Is there a darkened chamber where a Comrade lies patiently awaiting 
his final discharge, send a child with a flower to remind him that he is not 
forgotten. In the Veteran's Asylum let him be remembered too — that 
his lonesomeness or pains may be for the while ameliorated in recognition 
of your thoughtfulness and esteem. Comrade — our opportunity is now — 
we may not have many more, and if this regard for the past, this hope for 
the future is our mission let us fulfill it to the uttermost. 

Every Post should have a copy of this circular and doubtless a requisi- 
tion on your Department Commander will be honored for the necessary 
expenses. Give copies to the Press promptly that it may assist you in dis- 
tributing the contents, and you will be assisted greatly by by the Superin- 
tendents of Education if a proper request is made. Discourage all you 
can, the improper use of the day for sports that are not refined, that the 
sacred memory of our heroic dead may not be marred with unseemly and 
heedless exhibitions that do not refresh or elevate. 

If the Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, who never faltered 
on the field; who were the bravest of the brave; who preserved the flag of 
honor and, victory; who met danger as a duty, continue to the end in loyal 
service for the nation's welfare and life, the double enlistment for war and 
peace will be recognized and accepted as the richest legacy possible to 
bequeath, and victory, without trophy or indemnity, will be fully exem- 
plified, the noblest to be obtained. They offered their lives for a possible 
sacrifice, they have given a service rich and rare. 

Sincerely and fraternally, 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 
National Patriotic Instructor. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 219 

TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE 

For a number of years it has been my practice to issue an 
address to the American People and to furnish it in quantities 
for pubHcation and distribution. This year has not been an 
exception. It would lengthen my report beyond proper limit 
should I endeavor to lay before you the favorable comment 
received from every quarter where the flag is honored. The 
Press to a generous degree gave space and editorial comment 
in its behalf and the response to its suggestions as the several 
Departments will show has been profuse indeed. Without 
legislative enactment, 

FLAG DAY 

Is a recognized day and doubtless will become during the 
life time of the Gisand Army of the Republic, one which will be 
set apart as one of the festival days of the Nation. The Gover- 
nors of many States issued proclamations to the people calling 
upon tbem in a language of fervor to show their patriotism in 
the display of the beautiful banner. On Sunday preceedingjune 
14th, many of the themes from the pulpit were elaborated with 
patriotic elequence and individuals wore a token on the flag's 
birthday as an ornament to emphasize their regard. In the 
City of New York, I personally appealed to the places of amuse 
ment to include in their program — as one of its numbers — the 
ringing of the Star Spangled Banner with the privilege for the 
audience to join and I asked the hotels to decorate the dining- 
loom tables with miniature flags. I know of instances where 
my request was heeded. I attach herewith the address and 
my circulars pertaining to the observance of the day: 

"To THE American People. " 
"The Birthday of the Flag." 

"Thursday, June 14th, will be the one hundred and twenty-ninth anni- 
versary of the birth of the United States Flag. 

"What an emotion of patriotism swells the heart of every loyal citizen 
when he contemplates that for more than a century and a quarter the flag 
of his country has floated in honor and triumph, representing the highest 
principles of government and the noblest impulses of universal brotherhrod. 



220 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

' The flag which was created to be the emblem and illustration of a bond 
of unity comprising thirteen states, fringing a vast territory along the 
Atlantic, has expanded until its protection covers nearly a whole conti- 
nent and extends far across the seas to embrace within its folds the oppressed 
and degraded of other races of men who were the bondsmen of avarice 
and power. 

"Honorable has been its mission; freedom and liberty its message; 
humanity its service; elevation its communication; authority its duty; 
sacred its promises. Beneath its benignity every birth is noble; every 
pure aspiration is exalted, and every honest possession protected. It 
welcomes the oppressed of all mankind, exemplifies national virtue, and 
is an ever victorious defense of the weak. 

"It is meet therefore that the anniversary of this noble birth should be 
hailed with acclaim. Let the rising sun of June 14th be greeted with the 
shouts of the multitude, the ringing of bells, the salutation of artillery, as 
from every housetop, steeple, mast, there shall be flung to the breeze the 
beautiful banner of the American people which signifies so much that 
has been sacrificed and promises all that should be realized. 

"Let every loyal citizen contribute in the display of the flag his testi- 
mony that he stands for honor, purity and obedience to law. 

"Let every man, woman and child pledge its faith in the purposes the 
flag represents and wear a token of their liberty in modest, but certain, 
bow or rosette attached to their dress. 

"Lessons of patriotism will not be lost in recognition of this memorable 
day. The lawless will recognize the representation of authority and the 
budding spirit of patriotism in youthful hearts will be expanded into a 
determination to oppose foreign or domestic foe. 

"The Church and Sunday School may well employ the nearest Sabbath 
to the day in special exercises of a proper character to show reverence for 
all the flag represents and the schools and colleges in session should devote 
the day to patriotic instruction. 

"The Grand Army of the Republic submits to all organizations and to 
every individual this proposition of the recognition of the emblem of the 
American Birthright. It suggests to the Governor of every state, to the 
Mayor of every City, the President of every village a proclamation announc- 
ing the day and recommending its recognition; and the Press, the mighty 
power that sways the people for good, is earnestly sought to publish this 
call and to give special notice of the approaching day of rejoicing. 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 

National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic. 



grand army of the republic 221 

"Allan C. Bakewell, 
National Patriotic Instructor 

Grand Army of the Republic 
479 Fifth Avenue, New York. 
New York, May 15, 1906. 
'Governor 



"Sir: As you are aware, the patriotic custom of recognizing June 14th, 
as the birthday of the Flag is extending more generally year after year 
and tlie beautiful display of the emblem of the liberty and glory of our 
country on that day will most fittingly celebrate the anniversary. 

"It was noticeable how generally the day was observed a year ago, and 
especially so in the eleven States whose Governors issued proclamations 
relative thereto. 

"In the name of those who offered their lives a sacrifice for the Union, 
and in memory of those who fell in defence of its banner, I would respect- 
fully request your co-operation in rendering assistance for a proper ob- 
servance of the day. May I ask you to issue, at the proper time, a procla- 
mation to the people of your State? The following is a specimen of one 
previously issued that has a true ring, and is in keeping with the spirit 
of loyalty, that so universally prevails within our borders: 

"Flag Day Proclamation." 

"The American Flag is universally recognized as the emblem of liberty 
and justice. Beneath it brave and loyal hearts beat with pride and devo- 
tion. To the oppressed it affords the inspiration of hope. To each of our 
citizens it guarantees individual liberty and protection to personal and 
property rights. The fire of patriotism never burned more brightly than 
to-day. It is, therefore, eminently proper that we unitedly show our re- 
gard for the Stars and Stripes and our love for our common country. An 
approved custom abides of appointing a day upon which the Flag is dis- 
played upon public buildings, private residences, and business houses. In 
accord with this commendable custom. 

I , Governor of the State of 

do hereby designate , June 14th, A.D., 190 , as 

Flag Day 
and heartily recommend a general display of Old Glory throughout the 
day. Let it appear in evidence everywhere, over church and school- 
house, factory and dwelling, public and private buildings, and at the mast 
head, illustrating our faith in all it represents. 



222 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

' In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the 

great seal of the state to be affixed at the capitol, this 

day of ]une, , 



Governor. 



Attest : 



Secretary of State. 
' I have the honor to be in our country's cause, 

Sincerely yours, 
ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 

National Patriotic Instructor. 

Allan C. Bakewell, 
National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the Republic, 
479 Fifth Aaenue, New York. 

New York MayJlS, 1906. 



Department Commander. 



"Dear Sir and Comrade: With this circular I am sending you, for your 
information copies of those issued to Governors of States and Department 
Patriotic Instructors, also an address to the American People, the subject 
matter of which I have no doubt will meet with your hearty approval. 

"Feeling confident of your assistance I would request of you that you 
issue Special Orders for the observance of Flag Day and that you employ 
all the means at your command to secure the issue of a proclamation by 
the Governor of your State and the liberal distribution and publication 
of the Address to the American People. 

"The Grand Old Flag, now one hundred and twenty-nine years'old, 
which you helped to preserve, has a special interest for you, and the value 
of the principles which it illustrates is particularly an inheritance which 
future generations will receive as the reward of your courage, loyalty and 
sacrifice. 

"It is desirable that you issue a call upon all Comrades in your Depart- 
ment to observe the day as set forth, and to use their utmost endeavors 
to obtain the co-operation of all loyal citizens in proper recognition of the 
day of its birth. 

' While the flag floats we are noble and free, and where it is supported 
and revered disorder cannot prevail. 

Yours in F. C. and L., 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 
Nationa- Patriotic Instructor." 



grand army of the republic 223 

"Allan C. Bakewell, 
National Patriotic Instructor, 
Grand Army of the REauBLic, 

New York, May 5, 1906. 
"Col 

Department Patriotic Instructor. 



"Comrade: The Flag Day Circular for 1905 having met with such a 
generous response it is herewith repeated with proper correction and slight 
alteration, and you are requested to increase all past efforts that the day 
may be still more abundantly recognized, even than those that are gone. 

"The one hundred and twenty-ninth anniversary of the birth of the 
American Flag will be celebrated on Thursday, June 14. According to a 
custom now established it should be cerebrated with a brilliant display 
and from every housetop it should float in becoming recognition of an im- 
portant event. The enclosed copies of letters to Governors of States and 
Department Commanders are for your information to guide you to action. 
It is desirable that a supreme effort should be made to secure recognition 
in all schools through special exercises devoted to its history and achieve- 
ments. 

"Every Grand Army Post in your Department should be informed of 
the movement for a general observance of the day, and to this end they 
should be supplied with copies of this circular and the address to the Amer- 
ican People, enclosed. If you have no means at hand to freely distribute 
both, make your wishes known to these Headquarters. 

"Superintendents of education will doubtless assist you in distribution 
of this literature. They have means, facilities and patriotism, and need 
only be reminded. 

'•'The newspapers, if requested, will publish the address; and every effort 
should be made to spread this gospel of peace far and wide. 

"Comrade, an important mission is assigned to you, and your patriotism 
will prompt you to an extraordinary effort to perform it. Let the crown- 
ing glory of your loyalty, as the Grand Army marches at "double quick" 
to its final victory, be the establishment of a custom to be observed to the 
end of all time. 

"Let the people be stirred to a depth of feeling hitherto unknown until 
every building, public and private; every home, humble or palatial; every 
spire and mast, shall be decorated with the emblem that illustrates free- 
dom and Hberty in the highest sense. And enhst the clergy to co-operate 
with you in a befitting manner. See to it that the flag is not alone dis- 
played but that the rising sun is greeted with the ringing of bells and the 
firing of guns. On this day and in this way every growing child, native 
or foreign born, may be taught that the flag stands for nobility and equahty. 



224 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

"The children of to-day will be the rulers of to-morrow in this land 
where the people rule; and, if properly educated, security will prevail and 
honor be everlasting. 

Yours fraternally, 

ALLAN C. BAKEWELL, 

National Patriotic Instructor." 

PATRIOTIC TEACHING IN SCHOOLS 

Aside from military instruction, which is not apparently ad- 
vancing, patriotic teaching grows with each session. The 
schools, perhaps, are not enlarging its practices to any consid- 
erable degree, but they are now persistently embodying with al 
practical studies for the necessities of busniess occupations a 
system of inculcating in the min^ls of their pupils the necessity 
for understanding forms of government and holding forth ex- 
amples of great men who have become the nation's leaders in 
developing methods which must be employed to govern intelli- 
gently and expansively to meet the demand which while the 
larger growth of nations and the relative positions to each 
other render imperative. 

Superintendents of instruction are realizing more fully 
from year to year that the scholars must be supplied with 
the product of statesmen's brains. Patriotism must be shown 
to be the foundation of good government and be the funda- 
mental principle of law and order, — and this patriotism must 
be more than mere allegiance to country. It must be a regard 
for the Social and Ecomomical welfare of man. With this view 
of the demand for a broader education much attention is being 
given to the introduction of manuals of training which embody 
the expressions of thoughtful men, and lest the subject should 
become monotonous in its production much is being done in 
short and impressive utterances which concisely convey the 
loftiest meankig. There is much wisdom in this course of 
modernizing the converance from mind to mind. To accom- 
plish the purposes of those who prepare matter to be imparted 
the method of \-isitation to instruct by rehearsal of items of 
interest by those who have partaken is being adopted and the 
pupils themselves are permitted to have audience to whom 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 225 

they may recite and explain their own declamation. Not the 
least of such occasions is the recognition of patriotic holidays 
when the visitors are Governors, and Mayors and vSoldiers who 
listen io the pupil's of their example, and opportunity and cour- 
age, — their participation in the events which illustrate the 
country's crisis through which it has been brought with safety 
and honor. It is wisdom, therefore, to encourage, this illus- 
trative method of approving deeds of valor and periods of per- 
sonal contribution for the country's welfare. To the end that 
there may be a relief to the regular course of application in the 
study of books and the routine memorizing of phrases om- 
rades have been encouraged to contribute, and by relation of 
personal experiences by attendance at schools and help in this 
manner to impress the receptive and expanding minds of the 
young. ]\Iuch has been done in this way and the splendid 
patriotism of our Educators has given all possible aid. 

FLAGS FOR SCHOOLS. 

The time has arrived when the Grand Army of the Republic 
has not only ceased to grow but is decreasing in numbers. In- 
firmity of individuals is increasing; final discharges are multi- 
plying and the former constant attendance at Post Meetings is 
declining There is now an absolute necessity for special oc- 
casions of interest to attract the weary comrade from his fire- 
side. And what can be more useful to brighten the hours of 
drooping men than to keep before them the flag they saved and 
to revive the spirit of the old days in floating it before the ad- 
vancing youth who are to care for its honor and preserve its 
honor and preserve its integrity. There is no more inspiring 
picture than a room full of children receiving from those who 
have earned the right to consider an almost personal owner- 
ship, our beautiful flag with its history and the stirring inci- 
dents of its life. What has become a frequent occurence 
throughout the broad land even to the log school-house on the 
fringe of the plains the presentation of flags to the schools in 
the large cities is continued with unabated persistence. In the 
City of New York, this has not been confined to the public 
schools, but has extended to the parochial and industrial, also 



226 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

to charitable institutions and asylums. The lessons taught 
with these public demonstrations is grafting a refined life into 
uncultured growth and there have been occasions during the 
past year when hundreds and thousands of the offspring of a 
multitude bom under foreign colors have pledged themselves 
in honest expression to support the Stars and Stripes against 
the world. One of the most prominent Posts of my own City 
has a Fiag Association supported by annual dues which has 
made it its foremost duty and considers it its highest privilege 
to furnish flags to be loved and cared for by the children who 
are soon to step in to the footprints of loyalty we shall leave 
impressed in the paths we have trod. Since its first lesson in 
patriotic instruction — given in 1888 — when it publicly pre- 
sented to a thousand students a flag to be saluted and revered 
this Post has unceasingly pursued the policy thus inaugurated. 
It would be a strong attraction to the Post Encampment if 
together with its fraternal and charitable pursuits there would 
be now generally followed the examples of systematically pro- 
vid ng and untiringly given these loyal tributes of the Nation's 
honor. 

School Histories. 

A glance at the Department reports herein contained will be 
satisfactorily answered if a search is made for items to signify 
an injurious influence of vSchool Histories. It was undoubtedly 
wise to give the care of this subject to Patriotic Instructors who 
have evidently deemed it more beneficial to teach patriotism 
than attack disloyalty or erratic statements. There is no evi- 
dence of alarm. 

American Civics. 

As in former reports I heartily commend the appointment 
of a Committee in each Department to arrange for periodical 
meetings of distinguished citizens and public educators to con- 
sider the wisest plans for teaching Civics. In a few, very few, 
Departments it is a commendable practice to offer prizes for 
essays on patriotic subjects and concerning public spirited men 
The direction of the student's mind is set upon a proper trend 



GRAND x\RMY OF THE REPUBLIC 227 

of thought and there is much encouragement to proceed where 
the course has been adopted. A study of the results obtained 
has enHghtened many as the embryo statesman or immature 
mind has outhned a train of thought which if encouraged and 
nurtured in growth will eventuate in benefit it is at present im- 
possible to measure. The Department of Vermont, is to be 
congratulated upon having among its patriotic citizens a corps 
of Patriotic Past Department Commanders who furnished the 
rewards for the Prize Essay Contest during the present \'ear. 
The subject were patriotic — the contestants numerous, the 
range of talent displayed, were commendable in the extreme 
and that there might be no harmful disappointment a series of 
Honorable Mention Certificates were adopted which were re- 
ceived by the lower grades with much satisfaction that an effort 
though feeble did not fail of reward. 

The Department Encampment of New York unanimously 
passed a Resolution for the annual appointment of Committee 
of twenty-five to arrange for the Encouragement of Studies in 
American Civics and it is recommended to the National En- 
campment to adopt a similar course- 

Flower Committees. 

To enlist the children in Memorial Day is to give them a part 
in the ceremonies as set forth else where in this report. I was 
so throughly interested in the method adopted by the Memorial 
Committee of the Cit}^ of Rochester of the Department of New 
York, that I copied one of its circulars and forwarded it to each 
Department Instructor. Perhaps it may be found helpful in 
other directions and I reproduce it here : 

April 24th, 1906, 
"The Department Patriotic Instructors 
"Issued for the Purpose of Giving Information. 
"ALLEN C. BAKE WELL, 
"National Patriotic Instructor. 
"Rochester, N. Y., January 10th, 1906. 
' My Dear Commander "At the different conventions I have atended 
I have never heard any discussion which would enlighten one as to how 
the committees in the different towns and cities performed their work on 
Memorial Day, nor what preparations are required to make the work a 
success. 



228 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

At the first meeting of the Ritual Revision Committee of the Com- 
mandery in Chief, of which I am a member, held in New York City on 
a recent date, the principal features of our order were discussed and the 
remark made there, that "We are not doing enough for Memorial Day," 
prompts me to offer the following suggestions to you, believing that if 
the members of our order throughout tbe country knew what" the vSons 
of Veterans were doing in Rochester, as members of the Flower Committee 
of the Grand Army of the Republic, it would be the means of suggesting 
to them something that would help them in their Memorial Day work, 
and would undoubtedly lead to our receiving many suggestions in return 
which would add to our success. 

The Flower Committee, which is a sub-committee of the Memorial and 
Executive Committee of the Grand Army of the Republic, and which 
has complete charge of the decoration of the graves and is the chief com- 
mittee of Memorial Day, organized in the Spring of 1868, and each mem- 
orial day cut flowers have been strewn upon the graves of departed com- 
rades. In 1882, the Committee inaugurated a new system, which has 
proven to be satisfactory and is still in vogue. One of the ]:)rincipal 
features adopted in 1882, was the placing upon the graves of live plants 
instead of cut flowers. 

In the first place, the City of Rochester, appropriates $500, to carry 
on the work on that day; $225, (approximately) goes for music, and the 
balance, $275, to the Flower Committee, by whom it is expended for 
laborers, carpenters, printing, stenographers, papers, transportation, 
drivers of wagons, and a number of incidentals. Without this appro- 
priation the committee could not carry on the work as it does. 

The Flower Committee has at present a card index of all soldiers, both 
living and dead, who enlisted from Rochester, or from other places and 
moved to Rochester, after the Civil War; also of the Wars of the Revolu- 
tion, 1812, 1845 and 1898 which index gives their entire record, and, if 
deceased, the name of the cemetery, section or range or lot number where 
interred. Besides this filing cabinet it has the set of volumes published 
by the State Historian, containing the names of all who enlisted in years 
1861-65. 

The Committee also has prepared typewritten books, giving all the 
divisions in each of the cemeteries, with blue print maps showing all lot 
numbers in the respective divisions, which enables the men in charge of 
each division to locate the lot numbers where the soldiers are buried, so 
that the work can be followed in a systematic and expeditious manner. 

There are thirty-six public and twenty parochial schools in Rochester, 
with thirty-seven thousand pupils, and the Committee makes annually 
its appeals to the principals of the public schools and the sister superiors 
in charge of the parochial schools for flowers, specifying what plants are 
desirable and what others will not do. There are approximately twenty- 
five hundred graves to decorate, and the Committee tries to secure enough 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 229 

plants to place four upon each grave. This requires ten thousand plants, 
which it is the aim of the Committee to apportion justly among the 
school children, having due care to the location of school and the apparent 
ability of the children to gather the plants. 

The next appeal to the schools, which is made just previous to Memorial 
Day, is for the boys to assist in sorting the plants and loading the wagons. 
Beginning at 1 p. m. on the 29th, the plants are collected and brought to 
one central place, where they are assorted into reds, whites, pinks and 
miscellaneous colors. They are then divided into sections to correspond 
with the number of assortments and the number of graves in each divi- 
sion thereby assuring an equal proportion of the assortments to the thirty- 
three divisions. After wagons are loaded they are decortaed with red, 
white and blue bunting, and a placard placed on each, giving name of 
cemetery, number of division, name of the chief of division, number of 
graves, and the number of plants on respective wagons. 

To collect the plants from the schools the Committee has the use of 
grocery and meat wagons, which are kindly and freely tendered. The 
33 wagons used in the parade on Memorial Day (one for each division) 
are secured from the larger business houses the day before and taken to 
the assembling place, where carpenters place Committee's platforms, on 
them. These platforms are built so that the flower-pots can be placed 
in tiers. 

For years the Committee has had companies of school boys in the line 
of march on Memorial Day, and generally has 400 school boys helping on 
that day. Last year the boys reported at the State Armory, where they 
were drilled by one of the National Guard, Capt. C. A. Simmons, at pres- 
ent Commander of the United Spanish War Veterans, of the State of New 
York. 

There are five cemeteries to be provided for, two of which are very large, 
one Protestant (Mt. Hope) with 1500, soldiers' graves, and one Catholic 
(Hope Sepulchre) with 800, soldiers' graves. Mt. Hope is divided into 
twenty divisions. Each division is in charge of a Veteran, a Son of a 
Veteran, or a Spanish War Veterans and a sufficient number of school 
boys as assistants. Each Chief of Division is provided with his typewritten 
book, giving the names and complete record of the veterans buried in his 
section and a blue print map showing the location of each grave. 

The Committee also has compiled in book form a typewritten record of 
the proceedings of Memorial Day and patriotic events of the day from its 
inauguration by the Grand Army of the Republic in 1868, to the present 
time. 

Ever since the inauguration of Memorial Day, the veterans have had 
entire control of all the arrangements of the Flower Committee, but for 
the past few years the Sons of Veterans have been given a more active 
and important part and are now in a position to carry on the work in a 



230 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

way that will meet the approbation of all patriotic organizations. 

For further information, feel free to command me. With greetings of 
the New Year, I am 

Very truly yours, 

THEODORE C. CAZEAU, 
Vice Chairman." 

Patriotic Instructors. 

Briefly I desire to add only a few words concerning the method 
now employed to carry on the work of Patriotic Instruction. 

That the plan of having a Department Instructor instead of 
a Department Aide, to have charge of the duties of such an 
office in each Department has met with general favor as the 
accompanying reports will show. The work has been more sys- 
tematically performed and the knowledge of the grand attain- 
ments has been more widely distributed. This has been an ex- 
perimental year and the plan is no longer an experiment. It 
was natural th^t a change of plan should delay operations in the 
beginning and that the plan would not be completely under- 
stood until the full year had elapsed. I am satisfied that it is 
well understood now and well developed. Still in my judg- 
ment it will not be complete until there is an official in every 
Post with a title and responsibility to assist the Department 
Instructor in the distribution of material and the gathering 
of resources. In the wisdom of the last National Encampment, 
upon the report of the Committee on Rules and Regulations, 
who deemed it sufficient to authorize the appointment of Assis- 
tants by Department Instructors in numbers satisfactory to 
them and relying upon the wisdom of the Committee it was not 
urged upon the Encampment to do aught but adopt the views 
of the Committee until after the tri,.! of :. year should demon- 
strate the best course to pursue. In some of the larger Depart- 
ments an Assistant was appointed in each Post and the reports 
will show this to have been of great advantage. It is well 
known that the dignity of office is essential to a successful issue 
of the duties to be performed, and I am convinced that it will 
be helpful to an amazing degree if the office of Instructor is add- 
ed to the Staff of each Post which will carry with it a dignity 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 231 

and station conducive to greater activity. I heartily recom- 
mend the support of the Natlonai Encampment for the creation 
of this important work. 

ROMAN'S RELIEF CORPS. 
If the National Patriotic Instructor in reporting upon the 
discharging of his duties as he found them with what ability 
he could command failed to recognize that whatever success 
he has attained was not attributable to a superlative degree 
by the co-operation of the Woman's Relief Corps, he would 
be dull of comprehension and unfaithful to them. Learning 
of them he has followed closely their methods. Their words 
have been to him an encouragement and inspiration. When 
resting at times their zeal has spurred him to greater activity, 
and he lays no claim to any plan or operation that he has not 
learned of them. The adoption of the present mode of pro- 
ceeding was taught him by them and he trusts the G. A. R. 
shall be permitted to follow them until its system shall be as com- 
plete as that of the W. R. C. When the Grand Army of the 
Republic shall take up the cause of Patriotic Education with 
the same fervor, labor with the same energy and contribute 
with the same liberality, as the Woman's Relief Corps, the 
nation need have no fear that loyalty shall not abound through- 
out the length and breadth of its wide domain. 

PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATIONS. 
I am indebted to other organizations — too numerous to men- 
tion all by name — the Ladies of the G. A. R., Daughters of 
Veterans, Sons of Veterans, &c., &c., who have joined me in 
spirit and been helpful in their spheres. All have encouraged 
and all have assisted. I recommend to one and all the adoption 
of a practical system to be embodied in their purposes and plans. 
The blessings of liberty and prosperity are too valuable to be 
entrusted to a few— all should aim to plant the seed of loyalty 
in our fruitful soil and nourish its growth to an abundant har- 
vest. 

DEPARTMENT REPORTS. 

The following table is incomplete and hardly valuab\e - 
jt is the beginning of a compilation that later on will 



232 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

clearly demonstrate what it has been our purpose to accom- 
plish, but combined with the testimony of the reports that 
follow it there is certainly sufficient evidence that the Comrades 
of the Grand Army are loyal and that while the influence of 
their patriotism remains the Country need not fear invasion 
nor internal foe cause alarm. 

COMPILED STATISTICAL TABLE BY DEPARTMENTS. 

Reports of Department Instructors to the National Patrio- 
tic Instructor as far as received to August 1, 1906. 

A careful perusal will be most convincing that Patriotic Edu- 
cation has had careful attention — and that the Instructors 
are still entitled to be considered faithful in their Country's 
interest and unelfish in devotion to its welfare. 

CALIFORNIA AND NEVADA. 

While attending a reception to the Department Commander, and his, 
Staff by the E. O. C. Ord. (No. 62) Post and the Relief Corps of Los Gatos 
in December, last I was approached by the Assistant Adjutant General 
who asked me if I would be willing to accept the position of Department 
Patriotic Instructor. Up to that time I did not even know that there 
was such a position, and of course, knew nothing of the duties pertaining 
to that office. I stated this fact to him but as I was willing to do any 
thing I could for the G. A. R. I consented. I had no doubt that I could 
procure transportation of the S. P. R. R. which would enable me so visit 
the different towns, Posts and Schools, but in that I was disappointed. 
Hence I was compelled to do most of the work by correspondence, com- 
mencing the work by writing a letter to each Post urging the importance 
of the work and asking for the nomination of a suitable comrade for the 
position of Post Instructor. The 100 Posts in this Department are widely 
scattered and many of them are very small and meet but seldom. 

Through the kindness of the Assistant Adjutant General J. H. Roberts, 
I was furnished with a few copies of the annual report of the National 
Patriotic Instructor, to the last National Encampment at Denver, and 
in looking over this report I decided it was the most helpful literature I 
could furnish the different Post Instructors; accordingly I placed my- 
self in communication with Comrade Bake well, the National Patriotic 
Instructor, soggesting to be furnished with a suffi cient number of copies 
enabling me to supply all the Post Instructors in this Department. He 
promptly complied with my request and I took great pleasure in forward , 
ing one copy each to the diflerent posts. A good number 
acknowledged receipt of my letter and literature but only one 
third sent in names for assistants. Many failed evidently to see the 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 233 

importance of the work. Personally I believe it to be very great, es- 
pecially in this Department, where foreigners are pouring in in large num- 
bers. I wrote again to the dinerent Posts urging them to forward reports 
of patriotic work to reach me in time to prepare my report which is due 
May 1st. Quite a number have responded and more, no doubt, would 
if there was more time. Some of theis reports show remarkable zeal and 
are worthy of special mention. I just quote from one or two. Comrade 
Woodruff, of Appomatox Post No. 50, Oakland, reports as follows Six- 
teen schools were visited by Comrades on Lincoln Day, under his direc- 
tion, giving names of comrades and schools, reporting a total assemblage 
of about 4,000 pupils — a splendid showing indeed. If all Posts would do 
as well in proportion to their opportunities the future of our beloved 
Country would be safe. The report from Valejo, is also most encourag- 
ing. Comrade Sperry reports "At 9.00 a. m. on Lincoln Day, 1st, Flag 
Raising, in front of Dewey School consisting of four rooms, all assembled 
in Yard by classes, and when flag reached top of mast all present gave the 
prescribed Flag Salute, and sang the Star Spangled Banner, after which 
they were marched into the house, by the Principal, to the Assembly 
Room and there were addressed by the Comrades on the Grand Army of 
the Republic, and its good work in the schools throughout the country 
citing the fact that through the influence of the G. A. R. the Flag Raising 
Ceremony was inaugurated. The children became very much interested, 
and as many of Lincoln's boyhood experiences were related to them they 
listened with almost breathless silence. Incidents of Lincoln's life from 
Lawyer, to White House and finally to the close of his brilliant career, his 
assasination, were related to the children in a most fascianting manner. 
The teachers thanked the comrades for their good work and splendid re- 
sults and at the conclusion of the exercises all scholars gave as hearty three 
cheers as were ever given by any assemblage. At one of the Schools 
while speaking of Lincoln as President and his kind good heart, and of the 
suft'erings of the soldiers on the march, on the Field of battle and while 
in captivity as prisoners, many of the teachers and scholars were touched 
to tears. 

Our visits to Primary and High Schools, also were very interesting and 
showed splendid results. The pupils of the latter seemed to realize the 
fact that they were destined soon to take the places of those who saved 
the Union from disruption and defend and uphold our dear and glorious 
Flag, that proud old Emblem which floats over the grandest Country on 
earth. Indeed it was one of the grandest days in the lives of those who 
visited the schools of Valejo, on Lincoln Day." 

All reports thus far received show the right patriotic ring and I would 
like to quote them all but space and time will not allow to do so at this 
time of general sorrow and calamity, the earthquake. I will however 
refer to one of the smaller Posts in this Department. The Commander 
there writes Our Post is small, we meet once in three months, on Sun- 



234 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

day Evening. Our people are enthusuastic and all able to walk turn out 
on Memorial Day. 

I have found all Officers of School Boards and Superintendents, as well 
as Teachers of the Schools and Pastors of Churches, have not only shown 
willingness but an ethusiastic desire to assist in this grand work. 

I was in Los Angeles, in February, also in Pasadena, visited several 
Posts and found them celebrating Washington and Lincoln's Birthday 
anniversary. I also visited Redlands, and Riverside, everywhere I found 
the spirit of Patriotism alive. In a number of cases I have been invited 
to schools and churches, and have always enjoyed speaking to attentive 
hearers, both children and adults. In my own county and also San 
Francisco, and Alameda counties, great enthusiasm is shown on Memorial 
Day; also on Lincoln and Washington's Birthday. I believe that in 
the future more will be made of "Flag Day" and great preparations were 
already under way planning for the celebration of Memorial Day, when 
the great Earthquake and Fire devastated this part of the country. This 
misfortune will of necessity make a great change in the programme. 
Many delegates from the different towns afflicted who were expected to 
attend the Department Encampment at Redding on May 17, and also 
the National Encampment at Minnepolis will not be able to attend, they 
having lost their all, but I wish to say here that a wonderful spirit 
of courage and philanthropy and true American Patriotism has been man- 
ifested in this time of sorrow and distress and not only the old comrades 
but all are more proud than ever of our great National Government, of 
its generosity and the prompt action of our noble President, in coming to 
the rescue and relief of the Hundreds of Thousands of Sufferers and Home- 
less in San Francisco, and the magnanimity and sympathy of our people 
all over our beloved land is something every true American should be 
proud of. 

We all have reason to thank God, for the privilege of living in such a 
Country, God bless Old Glory, the most beautiful ol all Government En- 
signs in the World, that stands for all that is great and noble and which 
should not only wave over all our school buildings but should be found 
in all Churches and homes of the land to be dispalyed on all Holidays. 

I would respectfully suggest that Congress, be memorialized to make 
appropriations to furnish Flags, for all public schools throughout the land, 
no better Text Book of Patriotism could be found and provided than "Old 
Glory when its meaning is explained by teachers and Patriotic 
Instructors. 

The recent great Earthquake and Fire cut short our work in San Fran' 
Cisco and San Jose, as almost all of the School Buildings were totally 
wrecked and Department Headquarters destroyed. But I wish to say 
that since my residence in California, 1893, I have witnessed the greatest 
display of enthusiasm on Memorial Day. Business houses are closed 
for the greater part of the day, all of the Societies, Civic and Military, 



GRAND ARMY OF THE I^EPUBLIC 235 

taking part in the great Parade as well as large numbers of School children 
I believe that our people on this coast are alive and grandly responsive 
to the subject of Patriotism and I further believe that as much love for 
the Stars and Stripes is manifested and as great a display of it is witnessed 
on our great Days on public buildings and homes as in any State of the 
Union, in proportion to its number of inhabitants. Noble and faithful 
work in the direction of teaching the lessons of patriotism in the schools 
by the women of the Relief Corps all through this Department is accom- 
plished. In San Jose Mrs. Lewis, the Patriotic Instructor, visited every 
school and presented an illustrated history of the Flag in form of a picture 
to be framed and hung on the wall of the school room to be a constant 
inspiration and help to the teachers in instructing the children under 
their charge. In many instances Flags have been donated by women of 
the Relief Corps to the schools. It is difficult to obtain a sufficient 
number of Flags for all our schools and I think that provisions might be 
made so that the Flagwould be considered a part of the school supplies. 

The Ladies of the G. A. R., Sons of Veterans, Daughters of Veterans, 
and all other kindred organizations heartily sympathize with this great 
work and it is my firm belief that another year will see a very great im- 
provement in this direction. 

A few suggestions I desire to submit in connection with my report. 

I think we should have Legislation enact laws enforcing a more careful 
observance of Memorial Day and also encouragement by Congress and 
State Legislatures, with regard to the observance of Flag Day, which 
should be made the great Gala Day of the Nation, with public demonstra- 
tions and geaneral exercises by the children and youths impressing upon 
their young minds the fact that our glorious Banner represents the grand- 
est Nation on the face of the earth. 

We should also have Legislation with regard to the protection of the 
Flag, protecting it from desecration, making it not only a misdemeanor to 
misuse the Flag for any advertising purpose but fixing a heavy penalty 
for each violation of such law. The misuse of our glorious Flag, for any 
of the following purposes should be rigidly prosecuted by law. Attachmg 
to or writing anything whatsoever on the Flag. The use of pictures of 
the flag for any purpose of advertising. Attaching to the Flag political 
tickets. Attaching to the Flag advertisements, no difference how patrio- 
tic they may be. Printing the Flag on thin paper and using it for wrapp- 
ing of groceries and other commercial goods. 

The Majesty of our glorious National Banner must be sacred and up- 
held and such desecrations as above mentioned and many more must be 
prevented by force of law. I do not believe that there is a more striking 
Illustration of the Superiority and Majesty in which our National Emblem 
should be kept than the following historical and authentic incident which 
affected the greatest citizen this country ever had. "General U. S. Grant 
walking down the streets of Galena, 111., with General J. C. Smith, having 



236 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

his attention called to a large garrison flag thrown across the street bear- 
ing the names of Grant and Colfax, the candidates for President and Vice 
President, stopped and said —"General I wish you would have that flag 
taken down or those names taken off it,— THERE IS NO NAME SO 
GREAT THAT IT SHOULD BE PLACED UPON THE FLAG OF OUR 
COUNTRY." 

A thrilling incident occurred during the recent terrible fire in San Fran- 
cisco, illustrating the spirit of patriotism and love of the dear OLD FLAG. 
While thousands of people were witnessing the burning of one of the im- 
mense buildings, the fire having already reached the roof, there suddenly 
appeared a man with OLD GLORY in his arms, which he proceeded to 
hoist to the top of the mast, as much ^s to say, "I cannot escape, I must 
go down with the building, but I'll have OLD GLORY to comfort me as 
I go down beneath its folds." As the thousands on the street saw this 
marvelous act of patriotism they broke into a mighty cheer, as soon th e 
building, man and Flag went down to be seen no more. 

But I must close this already too lengthy report. I wish to acknow- 
ledge the encouragement given me by the Department Commander and 
his Assistant Adjutant General, the Woman's Relief Corps, and all kindred 
organizations, and most especially am I indebted to the National Patri- 
otic Instructor CFmrade Bakewell, of New York. 

I wish, also, to endorse the suggestion of Comrade Bakewell, for the organ- 
ization, in each school, of the "Scholars Patriotic League." And the idea 
suggested by the National Flag Association of the organization in at least 
our largest Posts and Camps of the Sons of Veterans, of Sub-Flag As- 
sociations. 

Regretting that I have not been able to accomplish more for our noble 
cause, but greatful that I have been permitted to do a little. 

J. H. MACOMBER. 

COLORADO AND WYOMING. 

Refferring to question No.l4 and No. 21, would say that our Superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction of Colorado, Katherine L. Craig, in her letter 
to me says 

"I believe that patriotism is taught in every school in the State. In the 
lower grades this is done by history stories, and in the upper grades by the 
use of text boks in history and civil government. In all grades an effort, 
is made to instill love of country by teaching a wholesome respect for the 
laws of the country. I no not believe a manual on patriotism would add 
to the eft'ectiveness of the teaching of this subject. The Washington and 
Lincoln, pamphlets and the Flag Day books issued by this office are^all 
for the purpose of teaching patriotism." ■ ".jj 

I would also say that her Washington and Lincoln, pamphlets, Flag Day 
books and other addresses by her delivered to the school superintendents, 
principals and to the teachers of the State, for their guidance, are full of 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 237 

high toned patriotic sentiments and excellent quotations from the language 
of the Immortal Lincoln, and others. 

The schools of the City of Denver, are under a most excellent manage- 
ment and I think not excelled, and hardly equalled anywhere in their line 
of patriotic work. 

The schools of the City of Trinidad, through the earnest work of our As- 
sistant Comrade J. M. Grass, have adopted a system of patriotic instruc- 
tion with flag ritual. Other cities of the Department are also growing in 
the work. 

This whole Rocky Mountain region seems imbued with the spirit of pa- 
triotism, love of country and respect for the Old Soldiers, — but referring 
to question No. 22, I mnst say that there is yet mnch work 
to do in that line. They are a very busy people out here and sometimes 
neglect important matters, but we are determined to have a greater dis- 
play of Flags on next 14th day of June, than ever before. The old boys 
of 61' 65, as well as all auxiliaries of the G. A. R. and kindred organizations 
are still alive with interest and ever intend to keep the ball rolling until 
our efforts are crowned with victory in the triumph of pure patriotism 
unionism and love of country over anarchy and every impure elemen t 
antagonistic to the upbuilding of this glorious republic, on the high plane 
of pure unadulterated republicanism. 

W. W. RUSSELL. 

CONNECTICUT. 

I have the honor to make the following report as Patriotic Instructor 
for the Department of Connecticut. 

Through the tactful and untiring effort of Dept. Commander A. A. May, 
nearly all the Posts in the Department have been represented by an 
Assistant Inspector. 

A circular letter was prepared and sent to each of them calling attention 
to their responsibilities and privileges and urging them to institute meas- 
urestfor reaching the children and youth in our schools in a way to develop 
patriotic sentiments. 

The two lines of work especially emphasized were a more general, en- 
thusiastic and systematic practice in the schools of the prescribed ' Salute 
to the Flag" and a more general visitation of the schools by the Comrades 
on 'Flag Day," the day before Memorial Day and upon other occasions 
when the birthdays of eminent patriots are celebrated for the purpose of 
giving short addresses or telling the story of some memento of the war, 
which they might be able to exhibit. 

It was suggested that these visits be made in uniform as far as possible 
and that the great cost o tthe preservation of our Republic, with its re- 
sultant effect upon millions of human beings held in bondage, be em- 
phasized 

The reports received in response to this Circular indicate that there has 



238 



FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



been much faithful and earnest effort in all quarters of the Department 
to carry out the spirit of the suggestions and that many Post Instructors 
have with great enthusiasm instituted measures of their own for increasing 
the effectiveness of the campaign for promoting loyalty to the Country and 

Flag. 

Several Asst. Instructors state that all the schools within the territory 
covered by the Post Membership have been visited with excellent results. 
Everywhere the visitors have been cordially received and their efforts to 
develop and stimulate the virtues that mark the patriotic citizen have been 
heartily endorsed. 

Churches and Sundayschools, in many quarters have also felt the in- 
fluence of our Comrades in the prosecution of the work which it is our 
province to carry on. 

According to the Law of the State of Connecticut, "Old Glory," sup- 
plied by town officers, waves from the ' ag pole of every school while it is 
in session. 

In addition to this very many school-rooms have a flag (sometimes pur- 
chased by the children, oftener the gift of patriot or patriots) of their own, 
beautifully draped upon the walls. These Flags serve as constant re- 
minders of the debt of love and devotion due the Nation and are ever ready 
for the "Flag Salute" which in most places is given with great heartiness 
and enthusiasm. 

In some places when it was learned that this salute had not been given 
G. A. R. Comrades were instrumental in givingtthe necessary instruction 
and securing its introduction. 

The "Salute to the Flag" has been set to music by Asst. Patriotic In- 
structor, J. H. George, of Norwich, Connecticut, and in many schools it is 
sung with excellent effect. 

Reports from various sections of the Department indicate that "'Flag 
Day" was observed more generally than ever before. One reason for this 
is to be found in the fact that the Governor of the State, in accordance with 
a law passed last year through the influence of Comrades of the G. A. R., 
issued a proclamation calling upon the public in general and schools in par- 
ticular to notice the day in an appropriate manner. In circulating the 
proclamation among the school authorities of the State, the Secretary of 
the State Board of Education, cuopled with it a program of exercises for 
the schools which was suggesteive and helpful. 

In connection with "Flag Day" material "The address to the American 
People" was distributed throughout the State in such a way as to reach 
every newspaper pubHshed. It was printed in many of the papers and in 
some cases was accompanied with appropriate comments calHng the at- 
tention of the readers to it and emphasizing the sentiments therein set 
forth. 

On the whole the work of arousing devotion to the Flag and the In- 
stitutions for which it stands has been prosecuted with much vigor, along. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 239 

all the lines suggested by Patriotic Instructor-in-Chief. It must be re- 
membered, however, that a large number of the schools are in the country, 
not easilytreached by any Post, and it is feared that in consequence many 
of them have not been touched but in the cities and large villages where 
the Posts have their homes the work has been very efficiently done. Many 
of the Asst. Instructors deserve great credit for the excellent service they 
have rendered. Some of them have not only given valuable service and 
time but have generously contributed from their private purses in order 
that the children of the Republic, might be instructed in patriotic principles, 
stimulated to self ' sacrifice for others and inspired with love of Countrv 
and its institutions. All give evidence of having accomplished something 
and we may reasonably hope that the year upon which we are entering 
may witness a large increase in the efficiency of the work. 

N. L. BISHOP. 

ILLINOIS. 

Owing to the illness of the Department Commander there was some de- 
lay in the appointment of Assistant Patriotic Instructors under the new 
rules. But on April 2, 1906, by General Order No. 6, one hundred and 
two assistants were named, one for each county in the Department. By 
this organization, I believe rather more systematic work has been done 
than heretofore, though I have not received formal reports from most of 
the counties. 

There are nearly twelve thousand school districts in this Department 
and 12,877 public school buildings, requiring over 27,000 teachers, While 
it would be impossible for a hundred comrades, nearly all of them reg- 
ularly employed in other work, to reach directly this large number of 
teachers, and through them nearly a million children, yet I believe it not 
extravagant to say that influence of the patriotic work done by my assist- 
ants has, in fact, affected the majority of them, whether they are conscious 
of it or not. 

The reports received indicate' that the flag is common, but not universal, 
in the school rooms; that everywhere children are invited to take part in 
Memorial Day exercises; that patriotic services are held on Sunday pre- 
ceding Memorial Day, where there is a Grand Army Post, and quite 
generally in churches; that Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the G. A. R. 
Sons and Daughters of Veterans, and other patriotic societies co-operate 
in all possible ways with the G. A. R., in teaching patriotism; thattthe 
observance of Flag Day, while not yet general, is increasing. Practically 
all of the pubHc schools are closed June 14, so that it is quite impractica' 
ble to work through them on Flag Day, but the interest through other 
agencies will grow. 

There are no objectionable School Histories used in the schools of this 
Department, and outside of the large cities, there is practically no an- 
archistic element. 



240 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

As heretofore, the most direct patriotic influence has been exerted b)'- the 
addresses to the school children by invited comrades just before Memorial 
Day. 

I am aware that, if precise information is desired, the foregoing must 
be considered rather vague and general. Under the systematic organiza- 
tion of this important work inaugurated by you, more definite reports may 
be possible in future. But, after all, it is my belief that it will never be 
possible for the Grand Army of the Republic to affect the patriotic fibre 
of the younger generations of men and women any more effectively than 
it has so far done by the indirect method of its living example. My rela- 
tions with large numbers of children, for an extended period, have been 
such, that I have had opportunity to judge the things which influence them. 
My judgment is entirely at fault, if the examples of good citizenship set by 
the surviving Union soldiers, during the last forty years, reinforcing the 
constant teachings of the recurring Memorial Days have not been a public 
service second in value only to the service which -saved the imperiled na' 
tion. All patriotic instruction, whether systematic or direct, or whether 
isdirect and by example, should be in harmony with the doctrine that 
patriotism is a constant force. Loyalty to country, finds many modes of 
expression, in time of peace as well as war. It should be all persuasive. 
Children should love their country as naturally as they love their home, 
and as they grow into responsibility citizenship, be proud to manifest their 
love in forms of service. This is the American spirit, and I believe the 
work of this Department of the Grand Army of the Republic is in harmony 
with it. 

ALFRED BAYLISS. 

INDIANA. 

1. No Post Patriotic Instructors have been reported to me, and so my 
communications have been sent to Post Commanders. 

2. The trouble about FLAG DAY is (although I have regularly called 
attention to it) that the schools are out. Whatever is done is through the 
Posts. Captain Wallace of Indiana, you know, is an enthusiastic Flag 
Man, and whatever he can do to call attention to Flags and Flag Day, is 
done. 

3. In short I have issued circulars urging Washington and Lincoln 
birthdays; Decoration Day; Flag Day, but I have not had the time for all 
the duties the Report contemplates, and so I want to give the work up to 
some comrade who has. 

4. DecorationDay, in Indiana, is universally observed. Not easy to 
find men enough for the Addresses. 

W. F. STOTT 

INDIAN TERRITORY. 

Having been honored by the Department Commandsr to appointment 
as Patriotic Instructor, it therefore becomes my duty and privilege to urge 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 241 

upon my comrades of Indian Territory, to be more persistent in doing what 
they can to keep in memory our flag and the principles it represents, en' 
shrined in every heart, and the flag solidly nailed to the mast, and impress 
upon the mind of every man, woman and child, the great truth that this is 
my fiag, the flag of my country, then let us stand loyally by it. 

From the best calculation we can make, there is only living today one 
person out of every ten who was living at the close of the civil war, forty 
years ago, and from a careful investigation, we find that there is only one 
half of one per cent of the present population that are veterans of the late 
union war. 

My comrades, our days of work are over. Our sun is setting. Our 
victories have been won. Our crisis is upon us, and our glory awaits us 
at our last roll call. Don't be too modest but tell the story of how we fought 
at Gettysburg, and under Grant at Donelson, Shiloh, the Wilderness, and 
Appomatox; with Hooker at Lookout Mountain, Farragut at Mobile, 
Porter at Fort Fisher; not only these but the march to the sea under that 
great commander, W. T. Sherman, and thousands of other battles and 
marches, such as only American soldiers are capable of making. 

When one takes hold of this work, the more interesting it becomes, the 
longer he is connected with it. Col. Allan C. Bakewell, of New York City, 
the National Patriotic Instructor, of the Grand Army of the Republic, has 
served for years in this capacity, and is now more interested in his work 
than even before. Its magnitude and importance, as well as its necessity 
grow upon us daily as they surely must upon every comrade who look at 
it in the true spirit of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty. 

The new rules and regulations provide, chapter 3, section 1, that the 
Department Commander shall, immediately after entering upon this office 
appoint a Patriotic Instructor, and as many assistant instructors, "on th». 
nomination of the department P. I.," as he may deem necessary. To 
comply with the above, every post commander of the Department of the 
Indian Territory, is called upon to nominate some comrade who will and 
can send his name and full post office address for confirmation by the De- 
partment Commander, and then send same to the Department P. I. 

Comrades, this Department should see that the first legislature of the 
new State of Oklahoma, pass a flag law, and that there should be unfurled 
to the morning breeze our national colors from the top of every school 
house, church, county and state house in this new state, and that we 
recommend the fourteenth day of June, and the fourth day of July, our 
regular flag day, when every building, public or private, every door and 
window, every wagon, horse and mule, every boy and girl, and from every 
place where a flag can be attached, from the largest to the smallest flag 
could be displayed, then the decoration would be complete, and this will 
be the most successful way of teaching patriotism in, the broad land of 
ours. 



242 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

And in conclusion, let me say I am so glad this flag is like the moon and 

stars, hung so high that no presuming hand could ever reach and pull it 

from the sky. 

WM. QUERRY. 

KANSAS. 

The subject is one of such character and nature, hardly to be explained 
in all its ramifications and diversity. I entered upon the work with much 
interest, yet with some fear of successfully accomplishing the desired re- 
sults I hoped to attain. However, I am happy to say that my labors have 
resulted in a most satisfactory respect, and I feel I have achieved more 
than I dared to hope. 

My plan of impressing lessons of "Patriotism and Loyalty" upon the 
youth of our State, devotion to the principles of our Government, faith- 
fullness to constituted authorities, and obedience to law, and Love to the 
pledge, all actuated by that refined sentiment which inspires "fraternity 
and loyalty." 

Loyalty, the potent factor of Patriotism, is the duty of all citizens and 
when prompted by personal interests and Pledge, becomes sacred, involv- 
ing honor. A high idea of honor; even among savage tribes individual 
have sacrificed their lives rather than break their pledge, "I have said it." 
This was and is the Alpha and Omega of their loyalty. This subtle, nat- 
ural love of loyalty, Patriotism, comes from Divine influence. 

In the case of a people or nation, the emotions which constitute our 
finer sensibilities, the love of home or country, patriotic emotions hold 
first rank. The factor of association also holds, or largely enters into the 
producing cause of patriotic inspirations. 

The early impression of childhood, with its scenes and environments of 
home, will link ones life to that home, and will always live and will always 
shine and glisten in the chain Memory welds, glimmering, burnished with 
love to that old home. Apropos, Patriotic teaching inspiring fidelity to 
government, to the impulses and purposes of the Past Builder, and to the 
late Defenders of this Government, loyalty to the homes, golden with re- 
membrances, loyal to the friendships born in peace, or in war — by the ties 
of kinderedship, and by the love of humanity. "My Country 'tis of thee, 
Sweet Land of Liberty." 

The foregoing is a synopsis of the line of teaching we have been engaged 
in illustrating and inculcating in associations and in our schools. The able 
corps of Assistant Patriotic Instructors followed this line in this Depart- 
ment. There has been most enthusiastic response by the public and par- 
ticularly by the schools of our State. It is a joy to note the responsive 
feeling and demonstration of the boys and girls to the sentiments of pa- 
triotism and loyalty as embellished with reminiscenses of the Civil War 
and the personal experiences of the veterans. They cannot get enough of 
it, and when the Flag, "Old Glory," emblem of Education, EquaHty, Jus- 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 243 

tice, Humanit3^ Civilization and Christianity, is unfolded before them and 
the Pledge repeated, the Salute given, that hot fire of purpose and de- 
votion that fired armies in the mighty contest to preserve our Nation in 
the Sixties, is radiant in the eyes of our youth, and their cheeks flame with 
the carnation red of patriotism and heroic devotion. Conclusion — There 
has been over a hundred flags placed in the schools since the work of pa- 
triotic Instruction began in this Department, and the purpose of the school 
boards and teachers to place a flag in every room will be accomplished in 
due time. The school children, boys and girls, throughout the State have 
been and will be a large factor in the Services and Parades on Memorial 
Day. 

The teachers in our graded and mixed schools, with very few exceotions, 
are deeply patriotic and interested in the work, and all are courteous and 
enthusiastic in aiding and assistingtin the work of Patriotic Instructor. 

W. F. BURGESS. 
MARYLAND. . 

Having served seven months of the fiscal year as Department Patriotic 
Instructor, our State encampment having been held and appointment 
made previous to the amendment to the Constitution; at the request of 
my successor I respectfully submit a few lines as a parting shot in this 
most agreeable office which I have by your partiality held for a number 
of years. 

That the sentiment of patriotism in Maryland and loyalty to the govern- 
ment and to its flag, which represents so much to us and to our children 
is not only on the increase but is voluntarily demonstrated by those who 
in the 60s were under another flag — is convincingly shown in this border 
state in every conceivable way. The men and women of education are 
now lending their influence for a broader and more equitable national life. 
Their commendable acts are studied and commented on by the children 
whose naturally loyal hearts absorb the patriotism of their sires and they 
carry the flag of our country in their little hands. 

To-day, through the efforts of the Woman's Relief Corps, the Sons and 
Daughters of the American Revolution, the Junior Order of American Me- 
chanics and last but not least, the praiseworthy work of the Assistant 
Patriotic Instructors of the G. A. R. the qualities of national honor and 
national self-respect are conspicuously maintained in Maryland. As 
germane to this subject it is gratifying to mention that two old Confed- 
erate soldiers used their influence last winter with an unwilling legislature 
at the request of one of your Aides, to prevail upon the members of the 
Senate to vote an appropriation of $25,000 for the erection of a monument 
to the memory of the Union dead from Maryland; and, before two more 
years shall have rolled round our visiting comrades will have the satisfac- 
tion of looking upon such a monument, eloquent in eulogy of the loyal 
boys of 1860-65, who, from Maryland, heroically answered the immortal 
Lincoln's call to preserve us a nation. 



244 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

We of the border states realize, as has been aptly said by an eloquent 
writer from the North, in addressing an audience in the South at an Edu- 
cational Conference, the oneness of our American derivation and destiny 
and, are ready to strike hands for the transmutation of provincialism into 
patriotism and of patriotism into philanthrophy; and, are grateful for the 
years of peace through progress and of progress through peace. 

G. LANE TANEYHILL. 

My very recent appointment, (April 26th, 1906) as Patriotic Instructor 
Department of Maryland, leaves me little to report, in addition to what 
my very able and earnest predecessor has already noted in his report. 

I find an increased interest in 'the observance of Flag Day throughout 
this Department brought about, in a great measure, by the earnest work 
of the excellent corps of Assistants appointed by the retiring Patriotic 
Instructor, Comrade G. Lane Taneyhill, whose splendid work is highly 
commended by all the Past Commanders of the Department under whom 
he has served. 

Hon. E. Clay Timanus, Mayor of Baltimore City, issued an order direct- 
ing that the flag be displayed on the public buildings oft he City, and urg- 
ing our citizens to hoist the banner from their places of business and resi- 
dences, thereby causing a greater interest in Flag Day, and a more liberal 
display of Old Glory than on pre- ous like occasions. 

On April 27th, Custer Post N 6 presented a flag to the Maryland School 
for boys, (a reformatory Ins' ition) and I am informed by the Superin- 
tendent that the regular s' Le is carried out upon the opening of the 
School every day. 

Through my efforts wi' a number of friends, a splendid Flag was pre- 
sented to the Franklin ^-'iuare Hospital in this City, and was thrown to 
the breeze on Flag Day in the presence of a very large gathering of our 
citizens. 

On July 4th, Western Star Council, Junior Order American Mechanics 
presented the Aged Woman's Home a Flag, which was displayed before 
a gathering of more than 1,000 people. 

I regret having to report that the State Board of Education has stricken 
out Memorial Day from the list of Holidays allowed the Public Schools of 
Maryland; our Department has taken up the matter with the Governor 
and will push it to a conclusion with the hope that the Board may be com- 
pelled to rescind its action in the matter. 

DANIEL TATUM. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

In January I made my report to Department Commander WolfFe and 
as that is printed in 1906 -'Transactions" space need not be used in cov- 
ering that period in this report. The succeeding six months have witnessed 
activities in the line of Patriotic Instruction by Mass. Department G. A. R. 
never before approached, either in scope or effectiveness. That rare 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 245 

good judgment was shown by Commanders of the several Posts in making 
the original selection of Assistants (they were reappointed by Department 
Commander Bradley) has been illustrated in the enthusiastic manner 
duties pertaining to the office have been taken up and suggestions emana- 
ting from headquarters acted upon. A single illustration will suffice. 
The "Assistants" in Boston met and organized with John B. Lewis (Post 
113) chairman; John McGrath (Post 7) Secretary. Discussion developed 
a plan for systematic work, with the result that on the day preceding 
Memorial Day not a school in that great city lacked a comrade to partici- 
pate in the public school exercises. The work of Comrade Lewis deserves 
special praise. It was arduous, intelligent, effective. This plan of sys- 
tematic work in Boston has been general throughout the State in places 
where several Posts exist. 

The special Patriotic dates preceding and succeeding Memorial Day 
have received hardly less attention from Assistants than this day of days 
to the G. A. R. and there are many reasons for saying that never before 
has this patriotic field — the school room — been so intelligently and effec- 
tively cultivated as has been the case this year. I am specially pleased 
with what was done on ''Flag Day. " Some of the statistics I furnish will 
be misleading without a word in explanation. The supplying scdool 
rooms with flags has been going on for several years, both by W. R. C. 
and G. A. R. and large numbers had been furnished prior to 1906. This 
fact should not be overlooked in estimating the activities along this line 
this year. The cost of carrying on the work represents simply amounts 
voted by Pots. Assistants have spent considerable of which they make 
no mention. 

The wisdom of the change in Rules and Regulations which dignified 
the office of Patriotic Instructor has been finely illustrated in this Depart- 
ment in the character of the comrades the service has commanded and 
the results obtained by them. If by some means it could be arranged to 
have Assistant Patriotic Instructors installed with other officers of the 
Post an advantage would accrue. 

Newspapers in this Department give to our work the most cordial sup- 
port (examples of this I have furnished from time to time through clip- 
pings sent to your office) School Superintendents and teachers as a rule 
second the work of "Assistants" in the most cordial manner conceivable 
and the day is close at hand when not only will our flag float from every 
school building during school hours, but every school room will be sup- 
plied with a suitable flag. 

CHARLES S. PARKER. 

MICHIGAN. 

It is becoming clearly manifest that patriotic instruction is being recog- 
nized as one of, if not the most important phase, of G. A. R. work; that 
which is to last longest in form and effect. 



246 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Pursuant to the action of the last National Encampment, making patri ■ 
otic instruction a Department Branch of work, and the Patriotic Instruc- 
tor to be appointed by the Department Commander, this service was as- 
signed to me. In discharging the duties of the office, an effort was made 
early in the year, to have each Post Commander appoint a Post Patriotic 
Instructor, as provided for in General Order of the National Department 
One hundred and sixty-six Commanders responded by sending the names 
of Comrades who were to act in this capacity and also as assistants to the 
Department Patriotic Instructor. To each of these a commission was sent 
over the si<^natures and seal of the Department Commander and Assist- 
tant Adjutant General with the following : 

SUGGESTIONSiFOR THE POST PATRIOTIC INSTRUCTORS MICH. 
IGAN DEPARTMENT G. A. R. 

Dear Comrade The Commander of your Post having appointed you 
as Post Patriotic Instructor, I welcome you to a work, which, while it is 
about the last general movement we old soldiers may hope to engage in 
for our country's good, is one fraught with great possibilities. 

We desire that the Department of Michigan maintains a forward move- 
ment in assisting in patriotic instruction. Great wisdom has been dis- 
played by those who have placed this work at the very door of the Post 
room . Will you accept a few suggestions ? 

1. Consult and co operate with the Patriotic Instructor of the W. R. C. 
in planning, as they are the pioneers and actively engaged in the work of 
patriotic instruction. Also keep in touch with the Sons of Veterans and 
other patriotic organizations. 

2. Become personally acquainted with superintendents, principals and 
grade teachers in the public schools; wear a badge or uniform when visit- 
ing them to ascertain what is being done for patriotic instruction in the 
schools; what use is being made of flag salutes, drills, patriotic songs and 
special days. Invite teachers and pupils to attend your campfires, speak- 
ing and reciting for you, listen to your war stories and eat 'hardtack" 
■with you. Cause them to feel how much old soldiers appreciate their 
attention to patriotism and the old flag. 

3. Patriotic holidays offer opportunities for leading or assisting in 
■exercises suitable to the occasion, such as Lincoln's birthday, February 
12th; Washington's birthday, February 22; Evacuation day, March 17th 
Patriot's day, April 19th, Grant's birthday, April 27th; Flag day, anniv r- 
sary of the adoption of the American flag, June 14th, Bunkerhill day, f une 
17th, Independence day, July 4th. 

4. Memorial Day comes so closely to old soldiers, it is deserving the 
special efforts of the Patriotic Instructor, to enlist old and young in its 
observ-ance. Enlist the schools to march in the parade, to sing choruses, 
to distribute flowers. Secure for pupils prominent places on the pro- 
gramme as readers and orators. Even a 'wee tot" might move an audi- 
ence as a great orator could not. By beginning on time, such a programme 
can be arranged as will attract them to you, and deter them more effectually 
than statute law, from those hilarities which seem to old soldiers an un- 
patriotic desecration of the day and disrespect for the living and memory 
of the soldier dead. 

\ 5. Report frequently to this office items of interest; send full report 
of the year's work at least sixty days before the National Encampment; 
proper blanks for such report will be sent you from Department and Na- 



GXW'D ARMV OI" THE REPUBLIC 247 

tional headquarters. Your commission will be forwarded to you at an 
early date. The insignia of your rank is a gilt bar upon your official badge 
strap. 

Comrades, our work will soon be over, but by timely effort we may add 
to existing influences, that which will make still more permanent and far 
reaching the results of what we have tried to do for our country's good. 

Yours in Faith, Charity and Loyalty, 

WINFIELD SCOTT SLY, 
Department Patriotic Instructor, 
217 North Pine Street, Lansing, Michigan. 

Thus far the Post Patriotic Instructors have rendered good service 
locally as well as furnishing valuable information to the Department Pa- 
triotic Instructor. In some cases they have reported schools without flags- 
and school boards indifferent or opposed to getting them until informed 
they would be reported and primary school money be withheld according 
to law. They procured the jlags. Especially is it important this law be 
enforced ank the flag displayed and patriotic instruction be emphasized 
b^^ teachers in sections where foreign people are settling who are ignorant 
of our laws and history. We may not do much with the adults, but we 
must work with their children, if they become loyal American citizens. 

By visiting the schools and co-operating with the Patriotic Instructors 
of the W. R. C. our posts are brought into more intimate and active rela- 
tions to the young through the Post Instructors. I regret, however, so 
small a portion of our Post Commanders have made such appointments, 
Again the pupils of the six highest school grades were asked to participate 
in a gold medal Prize Essay contest. Concerning our last year's contest 
it appears Michigan led all other departments from National Patriotic 
Instructor Allan C. Bakewell in a general order called special attention 
of other departments to our work in this line, commending it for their 
emulation. 

The eleventh and twelfth grades were assigned the subject — ''The 
United States; our place Among the Nations." Twenty-three excellent 
essays were entered. The medal was awarded to Lillian Shafer, Townsend 
St., Lansing, Michigan. 

The ninth and tenth grades were assigned the following subject 

1. Of what states were the Presidents of the L^nited States residents 
when elected? 

2. What was the date of admission into the Union of the various states, 
and who was President at the time? 

3. Who, in your opinion has been the greatest President of the United 
States, and why? 

4. What do you consider the most important event in American his- 
tory, and why? 

5. What calling, profession, or business do you prefer to engage in 
after leaving school? 

Seventy-four essays were entered in this classification. The prize was 
awarded to Ethel Patten, Milford, Michigan. 

The seventh and eighth grades were asked to procure from old soldiers 



248 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 



m wri 



... ..riting or by dictation, actual flag incidents, giving number of regiment 
tal flag, names, places, dates, defense, loss, rescue, etc. Twenty-four 
sketches were entered. The prize was awarded to Mary Smith, Ithaca, 
Michigan. 

It is to be deplored that to obtain incidents or histories of the old flags 
under which the Union soldiers marched to victory in the Civil War is an 
almost hopeless task. Alas. Alas, that it has been delayed so long and 
must all be forgotten when those who know the stories shall have passed 
away. 

I desire to express my own and the thanks of the Department to Hon- 
P. H. Kelly and W. H. French, Superintendent of Public Instruction and 
Deputy for serving as Committee to examine the Manuscript and award the 
prizes. Ten diplomas of honorable mention were awarded to each classi- 
fication by the Department of Public Instruction. 

Owing to the numerous contests conducted by various public journals, 
it may be expedient to change this plan of patriotic instruction or 4iave 
it come in the Autumn months instead of the Spring, when pupils are 
crowded with school work incident to the close of the year. 

Memorial Day, flag days, birthday anniversaries of our great patriots, 
flag drills are well observed by oUr public schools throughout our state. 

In conclusion, inasmuch as the G. A. R. like a fruitful tree grown old, 
whose branches are withering and trunk decaying and which would totally 
disappear unless new grafts are inserted or shoots spring up from the roots, 
I would recommend, 

First, that we endeavor to bring about organic relations with younger 
life. 

Second, that every commander make special effort to appoint a Post 
Patriotic Instructor. 

Third, that comrades improve more opportvmities to visit public schools. 

Fourth, that we petition our Legislature to pass a law to discourage the 
use of Memorial Day by public schools, for sports and field days. 

Fifth, that Comrades make a more strenuous effort to help the Patriotic 
Instructor to procure Histories of the Civil War flags. Already a com- 
pleted history of the Second Michigan Infantry, alone of all the Civil War 
flags has been written and published; thus we shall rescue from oblivion 
the story of the sacred banners before the voices of those who know their 
history are hushed in death. 

Sixth, that every post and comrade give heed to personal character and 
conduct, that we may point the young to the old soldier, without a blush, 
or fear but that they too, will be proud of us, for what we are, as well as 
for what we have done, and may safely follow our example. 

WINFIELD SCOTT SLY. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 249 



MINNESOTA. 



In congratulating you on your work I would love personally to withdraw 
just a little from the '' Lime light. ' 

Advance steps should be taken by the leaders in all Moral and Patriotic 
efforts amongtthe people looking to the general benefit. We, as Patriotic 
Instructors, are leaders for a little while and then we fall by the wayside 
andtsomeone else will take our place. We ought to have high ideals and 
I think you have and therefor congratulate you on your success. Push 
the clouds of Anarchy away and stamp the pure affection of the Aristoc- 
racy of the Fathers of Independence upon the hearts and minds of the 
children of this United Country. We naturally love our Grand Army Boys, 
but behind our Great War, was the love of Independence — the love of 
freedom to speak and to act according to the dictates of our conscience; 
therefore under the Banner of the Red White and Blue we learned at our 
Mothers knees to praise God and "Keep our powder dry." So as a Nation 
let us keep in mind God's blessings manifold, and teach the principles of 
brotherly love and affection that the 20,000,000 of children may under 
Gods blessings keep their powder dry. 

But reports must be made and while for a time the precarious condition 
of my own health has causedtme to drop by the wayside in this great labor 
of love, I thank God, that I am still "On the firing line and hope for great 
things in this Department another year. 

For the past two Administrations our Department officers have given 
most of their time in an endeavor to recruit and build up the Post and get 
the "Old Boys" in line to receive and entertain their comrades the com- 
ing month in Minneapolis. We are proud to be the Host on another oc- 
casion and are moving Heaven and Earth to give the Boys and their 
friends the "Time of their lives" but in doing these things we have in a 
measure lost sight of the great Patriotic duty to the children. 

It has been said however that the great Patriotic days of the year^ 
such as Memorial day. Flag day and Fourth of July, w-ere more generally 
observed by our people than ever before. There was an increased interest 
shown in and about the Public and Private Schools on Memorial Friday. 
Our Ministers pretty generally held services of a Patriotic nature in their 
houses of worship on Memorial Sunday, at which Posts were in attendance. 
Our Governor, the Hon. John A. Johnson, a Scandinavian, by decent is 
most loyal and patriotic in the larger sense, that he delights to lead his 
people in the right way of living. He has issued proclamations calling 
upon the people to give attention to and observe our National Holy Days. 

Prizes have been given by this Department for essays written by the 
High School children of the state and a good work has been done in this 
way. We are short of funds to carry on the work as it should be done but 
we hope in the future to have better success. 

ISAAC L. MAHAN, 



250 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

MONTANA. 

As my term of office is closed, an accounting of my stewardship is due 
and, therefore, I make ths foIlov>ing brief report 

The amended rules and regulations, adopted by the National Encamp- 
ment, held at Denver, September last, created the Office of Department 
Patriotic Instructor, the same to be appointed by the Department 
Commander immediately after entering upon the duties of his office, and 
the Commander may appoint as many assistants as the Department 
Instructor may recommend. On December the 14th, I received a letter 
from our Commander, asking me to accept the Office of Department Pa- 
triotic Instructor, stating that great achievements would not be expected 
of me. So with this understanding, I entered upon the duties of my office 
January 8th. I recommended and the Department Commander appointed 
an assistant instructor in each Post in the Department. Through the 
courtesy of the State School Supt., W. E. Harmon, I received a list of 
school superintendents through the state and sent to each a circular letter, 
asking their support and co-operation. I have received answers to the 
above letters from all parts of the state, expressing their perfect willing- 
ness to do all in their power to aid in the good work, and I believe in almost 
every school in the Department, through talks by Comrades and School 
Superintendents and teachers, by patriotic songs, recitations and flag 
drills, Lincoln's and Washington's birthdays, have been observed. From 
the very nature of our organization, patriotism being our chief corner stone, 
with love of country so strong within us, that it led us to follow our flag 
into the very jaws of death, we have inherited the duty of keeping alive 
the fires of patriotism. Let us remember the Grand Army of the Republic, 
stands foremost in this broad land of ours in teaching patriotism, and if 
we properly realize our duty, and are willing to do what we may to en- 
courage the efforts that are being made to teach patriotism in our public 
schools, then will go out a great army of patriotic young men and women 
from our tens of thousands of schools all over the land. Knowing this, 
we feel our country is safe, and the combined forces of the world cannot 
withstand them. My term of office has been short — less than three months 
— and I realize that little more than a start has been made in this work. 
Patriotic fires have simply been lighted, but with a wise choice in a Com- 
rade as my successor an earnest co-operation of assistant Instructors 
and Comrades, please God, these fires will be made to burn, and our starry 
banner which by law floats above every school house in our state, shall be 
revered and honored. I wish to thank our Commander for his kind words 
of encouragement, also the School Superintendents throughout our state, 
who have so willingly acted upon my suggestions and have given their aid 
to the good work, and to the press from all parts of the state for their notice 
of circular letter, and for words of approval and encouragement. As the 
w^ork of this office must necessarily be done through the mail, I would re- 



GRAND ARMY OK TIIS REPUBLIC ' 251 

Commend that a suitable fund be placed at the disposal of the Department 
Instructor, for stationery, printing, postage, etc. 

A. N. BULL. 

NEBRASKA. 

I have the honor to submit this my first report as Department Patriotic 
Instructor. Immediately upon my appointment I submitted for your 
approval the names of seventy' six comrades as Assistant Patriotic In- 
structors, to have supervision of the work in their respective counties, 
these comrades living at the county seat, are in touch with the various 
County Superintendents of Public Instruction, and have direct access to 
teachers and educators throughout their districts. 

In General Orders No. 6, you announced their appointments, and since 
that date our progress has been satisfactory all along the line. 

For their guidance the following "Letter was issued 

."Headquarters Department Patriotic Instructor, 
. Department of Nebraska, Grand Army of the Republic, 

1431 South 17th, Street, 
Lincoln, Dec. 20th, 1905. 
Circular Letter 

No. 1. 

Comrades ' As you have been appointed Assistant Patriotc Instructor 
by the Department Commander in General Orders, No. 6, it is necessary 
for me to outline some of yotu duties. 

"For your information I am mailing you a copy of the Report of Allan 
C. Bakewell, National Patriotic Instructor, which will show you what has 
been done in each Department, and will be more helpful to you in formula- 
ing your plan of operations than anything I can say to you. 

"You will at once appoint an Assistant Instructor in each Post in your 
County, call them together at the County Seat and formulate plans for the 
years work. 

"Co operation with the Woman's Relief Corps, is part of your duty as 
they are fully equipped and thoroughly awake to the needs of a regular 
system of teaching patriotism among the youth. 

"Enlist the support and co-operation of your County Superintendent 
of Public Instruction, see that Washington, Lincoln, Grant and McKinley 
birthdays are fittingly observed, .by appropriate exercises in each school, 
programs for these exercises are outHned in the "Special Day Programs" 
prepared by the State Spuerintendent, these books have been placed in 
the hands of every teacher in Nebraska. 

"On Friday preceding Memorial Day, you will have details of comrades 
and sisters of the Woman's Relief Corps visit each school, and impress upon 
the scholars the reason" why this day is observed and the necessity for its 
perpetual obs:rvance. 

'Chapter V. New Article XV. Rules and Regulations. 

The National Encampment hereby recognizes the 14th day of June, as 
Flag Day, to be observed by all members of the Grand Army of the Re- 
public annually, in display of the United States Flag, to commemorate 
the birthday of the Flag on the date of its adoption by Congress June 14, 
1777. 

"You will request every citizen to display the Flag on homes, stores, 
offices, workshops, and public buildings, and urge the Posts and Corps 
to hold appropriate public services on this day. 



252 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

"Nebraska should have a law making it obligatory that the Flag shall 
float over every school house while the school is in session, let us work in 
season and out of season until such a law is enacted. 

"The specific manner in which you shall carry out your duties is nec- 
essarily left to your own judgment, as you must use diplomacy and tact 
in meeting the necessities of your environment. 

"It is entirely fitting that the veterans of the Rebellion, now members 
of the Grand Army of the Republic should continue the teaching of pa- 
triotism, these men have stood in the fore front of battle, have endured 
wounds,' and trials, suffered hardships, practiced self denial, cultivated a 
loving, friendly and neighborly spirit; they have helped to build the State, 
making good citizens, law abiding communities, and creating respect for 
the rights of others, they have ministered to their needy comrades, they are 
a living example of love of country. 

"Comrades, the work of the year is before us; we can unitedly accom- 
plish much. 

"Please keep in close touch with this office, correspondence is invited, 
and will receive prompt attention. 

"I am yours in Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty, 

BRAD P. COOK, 
Department Patriotic Instructor." 

Birthdays. 
Washington's Lincoln's, Grant's and McKinley's birthdays were gen- 
erally observed with appropriate programs, not alone by schools, posts, 
corps and camps, but by many civic and fraternal societies. 

School Visiting Days. 
The Friday preceding Memorial Day is the day most appropriately 
selected for visiting our schools and ''attracting the attention of our youth 
to the most sublime purpose of the creation and existence of the Grand 
Army of the Republic." Scholars and teachers look forward each year 
with growing interest for these visits of the Veterans and members of the 
Woman's Relief Corps, they listen with rapt attention to the stories of the 
war coming from the lips of those who participated in the building of his- 
tory in those stirring times. 

Memorial Sunday. 
i^ On the Sabbath preceding Memorial Day in accordance with National 
and Department Orders all Posts and Corps assemble at their respective 
halls and march to some Chucrh where special services are held in com- 
memoration of the lives and patriotic deeds of our heroic dead. 

Memorial Day. 
Memorial Day as never before was observed by the people of this State, 
in every community the school children were invited to participate, it was 
a pathetic sight, the white haired veteran leading a little child, advanced 
from the ranks and they together strewed garlands of flowers on the grave 
of some fallen hero, all too soon comrades this loved duty must be taken 
up and perpetuated by our children. 



grand army of the republic 253 

Flag Day. 
Our Comrade, Governor John H. Mickey issued a proclamation calling 
attention to June 14, as the 128th anniversary of the birth of the American 
Flag, this together with Allan C. Bakewell's -'Address to the American 
People," printed in the daily and weekly papers, served to awaken renewed 
interest in the observance of the day, flags floated from housetops, citizens 
young and old seemed stirred anew with a true and loyal reverence for 
the dear old flag. I wish to call the attention of my comrades to the cus- 
tom that has been in vo^ue throughout our Department, of using as mark- 
ers for the graves on Memorial Day, flags with the name and number of 
the Post printed or painted thereon, these can no longer be used, as it is a 
violation of law, use a plain flag with a streamer or tag attached to the 
staff below the flag. 

Military Instruction 
Military instruction is given attthe State University and at several col- 
leges, academies, normal and high schools, the young men belonging to 
these various Cadet Battalions have attained great proficiency in march- 
ing, in the manual of arms, and in military tactics and manoeuvres, and 
should our country ever need men to quell rebellion within, Q.r repel foes 
from without, these young men are fully qualified to uphold our flag or di? 
in its defence 

Woman's Relief Corps. 

The Woman's Relief Corps both National and Department are entitled 
to greatest praise for the efliciency, enthusiasm, and tact used in the teach- 
ing of patriotism, they have earned and are entitled to the loyal gratitude 
of every comrade who wore the blue. At the camp-fire held at Grand 
Island during tthe last Convention a beautiful gold badge was presented 
to Miss Anna Hayde a member of the High School of that city for the best 
oration on 'The Flag," and Mrs. Wealthy Kemp, Department Patriotic 
Instructor, on behalf of the Department of Nebraska Woman's Relief 
Corps presented a beautiful silk flag to the High School, in the presence of 
the assembled veterans and citizens, 1,500 school children were in line, 
each waving a flag and singing the "Star Spangled Banner." On the 
morning of May 17th, 1906, at the Auditorium in Lincoln, there will be a 
badge and flag presentation to the High School by the Woman's Relief 
Corps, it will be an inspiration to every comrade of this Encampment. 

I wish to thank you Commander and the members of your Staff" for the 
encouragement and support rendered me at all times, my work has been 
pleasant and profitable to me, a veritable labor of love, and if I have been 
able to keep the line advancing, it has been owing mainly to the labors of 
my Assistant Patriotic Instructors. 

Comrade our beloved Commander-in-Chief Corporal James Tanner has 
informed us that each month five thousand veterans are answering ''here" 
to the final roll call, this reminds us that our detail for duty is a short one. 



254 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

and we as individuals and as an organization should use every moment 
for the perpetuation of the principles for which the flag stands. 

BRAD P. COOK. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

The returns from the Assistant Instructors have not been as many o-^ 
as satisfactory as I could wish, but from those I have received I feel that 
the cause to which we have given our hearts and hands, has greatly ad- 
va-nced in New Hampshire the past year. One Assistant wrote that he 
was not quite satisfied because he hadn't succeeded m converting entirely 
his City, to which I replied "That we can't expect to do it all in one year, 
but we must keep hammering away by doing all we can and being true 
patriots ourselves, example tells." 

Flay Day was very generally observed. Post 15, Milford, so the Assist- 
ant wrote, was simply "Flag Mad." Every house had its flag kissing the 
breeze. Its Post Commander gave a lawn party in the evening, patriotic 
songs were sung and at which the Department Patriotic Instructor of 
Welton was introduced to the audience as the biggest G. A. R. man in the 
State. 

Post 36 Lakeport gave a Flag and a souvenir badge to each child who 
attended Mernorial Day services. 

Post 15 Lynchbro, had special exercises Flay Day at which the scholars 
of the public schools were the actors. 

We hope for better results when the office of Patriotic Instructor in 
Post is better understood. 

Washington and Lincoln birthdays were well remembered. 
Let us Rally round the Flag Boys 
Nail it solid to the Mast 
That flag they won and saved us 
Through heroism of the Past 
Let's remember long the fathers 
Their valor and our debt 
And honor well their Natal days 
In love ''Lest' we forget." 

D. E. PROCTOR. 

NEW JERSEY. 

I have the honor to report concerning Patriotic Instruction in the public 
schools of the Department of New Jersey, that according to latest advices 
(June 1st, 1903) the number of schools in the State was then 1963. The 
number of pupils 344,457, which number must have increased somewhat 
smce that time. The State law requires each and every school to have 
the United States flag displayed upon or near the school while it is in ses- 
sion. AH patriotic holidays so designated by law, are to be dulv recog- 
nized in the public schools by exercises appropriate to and explanatory 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 255 

thereof, on the last school day previous to such holiday. This is, as far 
as I can learn, fully complied with throughout the State. The salute to 
the flag is common in all of the schools, most daily, in the others, on spec- 
ial occasions. This has not the dignity of the law behindtit, but is an al- 
most universal custom throughout the schools of the State and is approved 
by the State superintendent. In this work especially the ladies of the 
Woman's Relief Corps have rendered most efficient service. The schools 
are very generally visited by the comrades previous to Memorial Day, 
who address the children upon their coming duties as citizens, enlivened 
by anecdotes of the civil war. These visitations are much valued by the 
children and surely must tend to the future welfare of our country. In 
this work I have had for the past three or four years the assistance of an 
aide in each county, who has given efficient service. It is a work requir- 
ing some time and expense for postage, stationery and so forth, and no 
salary being connected with it, it is a matter of love and patriotism which 
cannot be too highly commended. 

The last National Convention recommended that the working force be 
increased by one comrade from each post in each department who should 
have the work and commission of 1st Lieutenant. This has not yet been 
carried out in this department but hopes are entertained that this may 
shortly be accomplished. Flag Day has not yet obtained legal sanction, 
but the day has for some years been observed throughout the State, notice 
being yearly given by the press, patriotic instructors, and the W. R. C. 
of the different counties, and Flag Day has become an institution of the 
State. 

As regards the histories in use in the schools, I have the assurance of 
Prof. Chas. Baxter, State Superintendent, that they are all right in every 
respect, and the testimony of the Assistant Aides corroborates that state- 
ment. 

Military drill has not yet been introduced, so far as I can learn, into the 
public schools unless it may be to some extent in the flag drill and march- 
ing to music from rcomttotroom or on dismissal. This is common in all 
of the schools and secures orderly entrance and exit. 

R. S. DANA. 

NEW MEXICO. 

I have the honor to transmit to you my report for 1906. My duties are 
such that I am unable to do as much as I would like to do, but my meager 
report will show that something is being done and promise that more will 
be done in the future. 

In our comparatively sparsely settled territory it is more difficult to do 
systematic work than in the states, and funds for printing are not available, 
but I am pleased to say our Press is patriotic and gladly render assist- 
ance without charge. 

You will observe that February 12th, Lincoln's birthday, has been 
designated by our law as Flag Day for the schools. As our schools aie all 



256 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

in recess June 14, it is well to have it so and our Territorial Superintendent 
of Public Instruction is a patriot himself, I have no hesitancy in letting 
him take full charge. However, Governor Herbert J. Hagerman issued 
his proclamation requesting the observance of our Flag Day, June 14, 1906, 
and I believe it was pretty generally observed by the display of the Flag. 

In addition to the Law, Chapter 48, Laws 1905, we have another Law, 
Chapter 63, Laws 1903, prohibiting the desecration of the flag by com- 
mercial enterprise, for advertising or other purposes, also punishing insults 
to the flag. See page 121 Session Laws of New Mexico, 1903. 

While as I say I am not able to do as much or as systematic work in 
this line as I would like, I believe there is a very considerable amount of 
work along patriotic lines by the people and the schools that I am not 
able to detail. Superintendent Hadley's letter indicates this and it is 
very gratifying to us, as I know it will be to you and our great jjatriotic 
order the Grand Army of the Repubhc. 

JOHN R. MCFIE. 

OHIO. 
Col. D. W. Wood, P. I. Newark, Ohio. 

Dear Comrade Your favor of the 17th, received and pleased with youi" 
earnestness in the work you have undertaken in the behalf of the Grand 
Army. I regret very much that our Department is not able to .second 
you as we would like in your efforts to enthuse them and their friends in 
Patriotism The financial condition of this Department and the obliga- 
tions transmitted to us by the former Departments will compel sjiecial 
efforts of the Comrades for support and we hesitate to load the Comrades 
with anything that can be avoided. 

I congratulate you on the work and pleasant time at McCoy Post. 

The office of the P. I. being comparatively new. Report Blanks and 
other papers have not been made for the use of that office. 

The State School Commissioner may have no power as to the hoisting 
of the flag, but the State Law requires that the flag be hoisted. 

There is but one standard of true Patriotism, but no one of us has a 
right to dictate that standing hence we will have to concede in good will 
certain amount of freedom to others. 

There can be no possible mingling of the Blue and the Gray, nor should 
It be allowed in our school books, but according to the Book we some- 
times have to permit a few tares to grow in the wheat. 

You have my best wishes, 

Yours in F. C. and L. 

GEO. A. HARMAN, 

Department Comma nder . 

I am in duty bound to call attention of my Comrades to the dift'erence 
between the wheat and the tares, and as Patriotic Instructor I shall remind 
them that they should aid me by words and acts in eduacting the children 
and teachers to the point of recognizing the Grand Army of the Republic 
Standard of Patriotism. The Comrade that apologizes for Grand Army 
of the Republic Patriotism is ignorant of the standard and should be je- 
minded what the true standard istthat was established on the firing line 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 257 

in the sensuous south land of slavery where men raised children of their 
own flesh and blood and sold them like cattle in the market on the auction 
block. 

DAVID WESLEY WOOD. 

OREGON. 

Have adopted the following plan of work throughout the Department. 
At the time of my appointment I requested the Department Commander 
to issue a circular letter. 

I received many invitations to address meetings to which I responded 
and in so doing came in touch with not only the G. A. R., but with the 
public as well. 

The G. A. R., need no instruction in Patriotism, but there was never a 
time in the history of our country when the masses need to be reminded 
of their duty to themselves and to the grand principles represented by the 
OLD FLAG, as at the present time, therefore the Grand Army, must no 
longer confine themselves to their private halls, but must get its lessons 
of patriotism and sacrifices before the general public. This is an age of rapid 
transition and the Grand Army must keep up with the procession or be left 
in the rear. Disreputable commercialism, anarchy, unrestricted immi- 
gration and a disregard for "old land marks" established by ur forefathers, 
are some of the problems to be solved. An emotional patriotism can do 
but little to overcome these evils which are so persistently attacking our 
National Life, and endangering our democratic principles. Patriotic In- 
struction must be along educational line. The patriotism that appeals 
to emotionalism is of litle value, but the patriotism that appeals to a child's 
industry, self-reliance, self control and personal resbonsibility to his 
country is what the rising generation needs, and it is along these lines I 
intend to continue to work. Let the G. A. R., come out its shell, plan 
Public Meetings, including in these meetings,all schools, churches etc., and 
its voice will be heard and heeded, its influence will be felt throughout 
the length and breadth of this nation. 

M. L. PRATT. 

PENNSYLVANIA 

In compliance with your request of a recent date and fully appreciating 
the responsibility assigned to me, I hand you herewith the report of the 
first appointed Patriotic Instructor of the Department of Pennsylvania, 
Grand Army of the Republic. 

Having been honored with this appointment, I felt in accepting the 
office, that I would find the duties, not merely perfunctory, but in truth, 
"manifold and laborious" requiring thought and activity. My experience 
thus far has been a realization of this, but withal, pleasant, interesting 
and instructing. 



258 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

In establishing a Department of Patriotic Instruction the Grand Army 
of the Republic in my judgment acted wisely, and nothing it has ever done 
receive greater commendation, approval and encouragement from the 
loyal people than this display of "unselfish patriotism." No one in this 
broad land of ours can afford to neglect any opportunity to further the 
interest in a cause that is for the betterment and uplifting of its citizen- 
ship. 

Upon the acceptance of my appointment, I reported to you as National 
Patriotic Instructor, and in due course received your acknowledgment 
and an outline of the duties of my office. Among your first recommenda- 
tion was one for the appointment of "District Aides" and I had already 
done some work in that direction, when this recommendation was with- 
drawn and instead one urging the appointment of an" Assistant Patriotic 
Instructor" in every Post. Both, by letter and in a personal interview 
with me, Comrade Bakewell, explained his object in making this change. 
I am now, more than ever, convinced that he acted judiciously, and no 
doubt, on the principle that "in the multitude of counselors there is wis- 
dom." 

This question being settled I issued, with the approval of the Depart- 
ment Commander, the circular of February 2nd, and foUoweff it with that 
of March 22nd. There has been a gratifying response to these circulars 
and the prospects are most encouraging. It will however be apparent 
to all, that at this date the Assistants have scarcely more than received 
their appointments and it is to be regretted that no review of their labor 
can be made at this time, other than that all are taking up the work with an 
earnestness that forecasts excellent results. Thus far the work has de- 
volved mainly on me individually and has been mostly of a preliminary 
charachter and as the remainder of my term of office is short, I am obliged 
to leave it for my successor in office to complete and perfect the organiza- 
tion of this branch of our Department. It is pleasing to note the revival 
of patriotic sentiment in the hearts of our Comrades, and that this new 
proposition, (as it seems to be to many of the Comrades) has created an 
interest in the Post meetings and elsewhere, beyond anything that has 
occured in Grand Army circles in recent years. 

The past, with its glorious and sacred memories, shall ever remain with 
us, but we are living in the present and not in the past and we shall never 
be old enough to turn aside and fail to make good use of the patriotic 
lessons we learned in the years of 61 to 65. 

Heretofore, the work in charge of Comrade Bakewell, has been confined 
to the schools, and while this is still the primary object, the work has been 
greatly broadened and, we believe that the American people will solve 
wisely the problems of the present and the future, as they have those of 
the past, aud yet, without being pessimistic, we must recognize that the 
situation of this Country to-day is one that demands serious and patriotic 
consideration. That this is appreciated by the people is evidenced by 
their increased interest in matters patriotic. 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 259 

Washington and Lincoln's Birthdays, and Appomattox Days were cele- 
brated this year in all parts of our State, with more than the usual interest 
and the indications are that the remaining patriotic holidays of the year 
will be equally recognized and appropriately observed. 

The Comrades throughout the Department are already arranging for 
their annual visitations to the Schools on the Friday preceding Memorial 
Day. In this connection I am glad to report that the National Patriotic 
Instructor, has called the special attention of all the Department Patrio- 
tic Instructors to, and commended the manner, in which this particular 
work is conducted by our Comrades in Philadelphia, and also for their 
earnestness in the preparations they are making for the celebration of 
Flag Day. I am advised that the Comrades of Scranton, Williamsport 
and several other cities are worthy the same recognition as those of Phila' 
delphia. As usual the Posts will attend divine service on the Sunday 
preceding Memorial Day. This custon is firmly established throughout the 
Department and from a patriotic standpoint, if not otherwise, is as im- 
pressive as the school visitations. 

Through the efforts of the Veteran Soldiers and Sailors, of Allegheny 
County, a proposition was submitted to the citizens of the County, at the 
last November election and approved almost unaimously, providing for 
the erection of a Soldiers Memcrial Hall to cost not less than One Million 
Two Hundred Thousand Dollars, ($1,250,000) a pleasing feature of the 
campaign was the distribution by the school children of thousands of little 
cards with the United States Flag and ''Vote for the Soldiers Memorial 
Hall" printed on them. This was a splendid practical lesson in patriotic 
education. 

During the year, (First as Chief Mustering Officer and afterwards as 
Patriotic Instructor) I have made many visits to Posts, Camps of Sons 
of Veterans, public gatherings and schools, always being cordially received 
and granted hearings, in which I was not only an ''Instructor" but was 
instructed as well. There being no appropriation for expenses or to pro- 
vide patriotic literature, in the form of leaflets for distribution, has been 
somewhat of a handicap. This is an important matter and I recommend 
that the necessary action to provide such literature be taken by our En- 
campment in June. My successor should also be in a position to issue 
circulars to his assistants on any matter of moment that may come up and 
this, without any expense to himself, (aside from the ''midnight oil" he 
uses in preparing them.) 

I desire through you to convey my thanks to my Assistants for their 
help and encouragement and to you personally for assistance and courtesies 
showm. 

CHARLES O. SMITH. 



■260 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

POTOMAC. 

We had again this year a very interesting experience ou Jnne 14th, I 
think every one of the 137 school buildings were snpplied with a speaker. 
The exercises gotten up by the teachers enthused the pupils, and consisted 
of declamations, music, salutes to the Flag, etc. and were very much en- 
joyed by the speakers and visitors as well as by the children. The High, 
Business and Normal Schools, ten in number, had exercises from 9 to 
11 A. M. The graded schools, 127 in number, at 1.30 P. M. Of cpurse 
there are persons on the list of speakers whom sickness of self or family 
or summons from town, compels to forego the pleasure of meeting these 
wide-awake youngsters with their flags, keen eyes, and open ears for each 
part of the program. Some of us gave up the entire day to it, and visited 
two and three places. Hundreds of little flags were distributed, and the 
beautiful day added to the pleasure felt by all. The influence upon the 
youth cannot be otherwise than promotive of intelligent love of country, 
which will by and bye make good citizens; who will as millions of others 
have done be ready to risk life to save the nation. We consider the work 
this year a great success. 

J. H. BRADFORD. 

RHODE ISLAND. 

My report this year is almost precisely the same as for last year. Grand 
Army Flag Day was observed and the schools generally held exercises 
appropriate to the occasion. More comrades attended these exercises 
than for many years previously. 

Memorial Day showed a large attendance of comrades and the day was 
fittingly observed. The only material difference I noticed was the small 
number of citizens overlooking the parade. I need not suggest the obvi- 
ous reason. Through my efforts the law directing the display of the Na- 
tional Banner had been carried into effect. 

I am painfully conscious that my work has been slight but be assured 
I have done what I could. 

ORSMUS A. TAFT. 

SOUTH DAKOTA. 

I was not appointed Department Patriotic Instructor until near the 
first of January, 1906, and hence my report will not cover a full year. 

I found it necessary to conduct the work through assistant patriotic 
instructors, teachers in the public schools, and county, superirtendents 
of publictinstruction. 

An order issued by the Commander of this Department calling upon 
Post Commanders to report a suitable co nrade '.n each post to acr as As- 
sistant Patriotic Instructor was generally disregarded. 

The time of work was at hand, so I addressed a circular letter to each of 
the Post Adjutants of the seventy-eight posts of this Department asking 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 261 

them to act as Assistant Patriotic Instructor, or secure the services of 
some comrade who was will ng to take up the work. A copy of this letter 
is herewith enclosed marked A. 

I also mailed a circular letter to the teachers in the secondary schools, 
presidents of universities, colleges, normal schools and other educational 
institutions of the State. I received but few replies, but enough to show 
that in our higher institutions of education v^e have at least some teachers 
who are alive to the importance of patriotic instruction. 

Next I sent out through County School Superintendents three thousand 
copies of the same "Appeal to Teachers" to three thousand teachers in 
the rural school districts of South Dakota. But few replies have been 
received from these teachers — but enough to show that the teachers of 
rural schools are willing to do their part when the subject of patriotic in- 
struction is properly presented to them. A copy of the above mentioned 
"Letter to Teachers" is herewith enclosed and marked B. 

These circular letters were published by a part of newspapers of the 
State with good results. Governor Samuel H. Elrod issued a stirring 
appeal to the people for the proper observance of Flag Day. 

I am truly grateful for many favors received in the prosecution of this 
work and for the hopeful signs of progress in the work of patriotic instruc- 
tion within our State. 

B. D. DUDLEY. 

WASHINGTON AND ALASKA. 

I have the honor and I esteem it a pleasure and privilege, to again report 
to you that the Department of Washington and Alaska is thoroughly in- 
terested in the work which comes under the head of Patriotic Instruction 
in our Public Schools. My appointment as Patriotic Instructor of the 
Department of Washington and Alaska came at a late date, owing to the 
inability of Comrade Spencer to give it any attention on account of illness 
which finally compelled him to resign. It was late in April when I received 
my commission, but having become so much interested in this line of work 
during the past years as your Special Aide, I could not help noticing what 
was being done in the early part of the year, and in that way have kept 
in touch with the work. 

Washington's and Lincoln's Birthdays were observed in many of the 
schools in the Department by appropriate exercises, and the Press fittingly 
called the attention of our citizens to the work accomplished by the "Father 
and the saviour" of our Country. 

Late in May I formulated a few questions, sending a copy to each Post 
Adjutant in the Department. From all but two Posts I received answers 
that indicate the Veterans, School-officials, the Woman's Relief Corps, 
the Ladies of the G. A. R. and the children are all interested in the work, 
which we assume to mean, a reverance for Our Flag, and a determination 
hat it shall fioat over every school-house; respect for the laws of Our Coun- 



262 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

try; that the heroes of "1776," who established this Country shall not be 
forgotten' that the history of that war which perpetuated Our Nation and 
made us eligible to the ranks of the "G. A. R." shall be told by living 
witnesses; and that every effort shall be made to bring together the young 
children and the grey-haired veteran that the young may learn what it 
cost to preserve Our Nation. 

In Seattle, with 38 schools, all but one were visited by members of the 
G. A. R. and the W. R. C. on Friday before Memorial Day. The children 
and teachers of that one school felt very much disappointed on account 
of the failure of the Comrades who had been detailed, to visit them. 

The exercises were very interesting and all who attended have expressed 
a belief that never has so much interest been taken by the schools of this 
city during Memorial Week. All other large cities have reported great 
interest taken in the work. It was very gratifying to find such enthu- 
siasm by the Comrades. 

Flag Day, June 14th, the Mayors of several cities issued proclamations, 
requesting that all citizens display Flags, and instructing that Flags 
float over all public buildings. From information received, I feel justified 
in reporting that more Flags were floating over the State of Washington 
on June 14th, 1906, than on any previous year at that date. It was truly 
a "Flag Day" in the State, the Press generally interested the masses by 
timely editorials. 

I have just returned from the Department Encampment at Walla Walla. 
While we were there, on Monday, June 25th, the W. R. C. presented a 
Flag to the High School of that city. The large building was unable to 
hold the immense crowd that gathered. The address by the Superintend- 
ent of Schools and the patriotic speeches by the students, responded to by 
Comrade Connor of Spokane, and the presentation speech by Mrs. Mattison 
of the W. R. C. were all exceedingly interesting, showing that much thought 
had been given to the History of our Flag by all who participated. 

At the Encampment I made a condensed report of our work, supple- 
menting with a httle task on what we might do to increase the interest. 
I found ready listeners and all seemed quite enthusisatic and heartily 
endorsed my recommendations. I regret that my report is so incomplete 
in regard to figures. In this part of Our Country changes are coming so 
rapidly, and the busy life of every one seems to prevent the gathering of 
statistics up to date without great effoit. Asking that you let the good 
intent attone for all short comings, and thanking you for the pleasant 
relations and many courtesies extended. 

F. H. HURD. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

I regret exceedingly that I am not able to make a more complete rep. rt. 
Shortly after my appointment I requested each Post Commander to i ^m- 
nate a comrade for Assistant Patriotic Inspector, but very few of those 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 263 

appointed have reported up to this time. I have approximated several 
items however, and think from my knowledge of the .Department that 
they are about fair. 

I have been emphasizing this work of Patriotic Inspection in the schools 
quite generally, as my various publications will show. You will recall, 
too, that you gave me credit for getting up that little folder showing chil- 
dren around the flag, etc. I put this in nearly everything I sent out. 

Unfortunately the Roster of this Department has been misplaced, and 
I am not able to get the number of posts or the membership. But my 
school statistics are correct. 

In this connection I desire to commend the work of Mr. Frank E- Nichols, 
a member of the Sons of the Revolution, who last year offered a prize of 
$25,00 to the pupil in the Fairmount High School for writing the best 
paper on the History of the American Flag. Quite a number of excellent 
papers were presented and Mr. Nichols proposes to have all of them pub- 
lished in pamphlet form and distributed. I shall hope to see such a move- 
ment introduced in a number of towns. 

Although I sent blanks to every Post in the Department and requested 
each Commander to recommend a comrade for Assistant Patriotic Inspec- 
tor, but few responded and not many reports have been received. 

Next year I shall expect to make a better report. Some of the statistics 
are necessarily estimates but I think most of them are fair. 

As a part of my duty as State Superintendent of Schools, prepare each 
year an Arbor Day Annual and an Institute Program, about 15,000 copies 
are distributed throughout the States. ' In these publications, copies of 
which are sent you under other cover, I give prominence to the teaching 
of Patriotism and have included a number of fine patriotic sentiments from 
leading Americans. 

A Program for Memorial Day is also given and a collection of National 
songs also. In many schools these pamphlets furnish the only music the 
pupils have, and I am glad to report that they are used so generally. 

In a number of our cities and towns on the last Memorial Day the schools 
took part in the exercises, hundreds of children with flags and banners 
marching with the veterans. Then at the cemeteries these same children 
pupils of our schools assisted in decorating the graves and helping with the 
music. 

Upon the whole there is a very good sentiment in the State in behalf of 
the Veterans of 1861-65. 

THOS. C. MILLER. 

WISCONSIN. 

This is as complete a report as I can make from the data furnished me 
by my assistants. The reason why more assistants were not nominated 
by Post Commanders, I think is this It is new in this Department. The 
order for the appointment of Assistants was issued by the Department 



264 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

Commander in December, 1905, while the old Post Officers were still in 
office; new ones were elected and the orders were overlooked or forgotten 
by the new Officers. The new Department Commander told me that I 
deserved reappointment; he has not done so yet but if he does, I shall have 
him issue an order for the appointment of Assistants soon after. Decem- 
ber is not the time to do it. Next year there will be some thing doing in 
the Department of Wisconsin, the people are with us to back us up, and 
when we have an Assistant in each of the 231 Posts of the Departmenc 
success is sure to come. I have great hopes for the future. 

EDWARD CRONNON. 

The foregoing reports of Department Instructors as far as 
they have been furnished testify more fully than words of mine 
can convey, to the interest that has been taken in the cause 
of patriotic teaching or the lack of interest where the Instruc- 
tors have failed to recognize the importance of the mission 
assigned to them when they were appointed and commissioned 
for duty. It is not possible to sufficiently commend the un- 
selfish service rendered in so many Department and in all cases 
without pecuniary assistance from any source whatever. It 
is not right that arduous duty should be imposed on Instructors 
with an additional burden of personally meeting necessary 
expenses, and yet how frequently the injustice has been met 
with cheerful attention regardless of the sacrifice required. 
I earnestly recommend the consideration by the Committee 
on this report of this feature of meeting the necessary expenses 
of the Department Instructors that there may be some views 
expressed for the ftirther consideration of , Department Com- 
manders. Personally I am convinced that the creation of the 
ofhce of Post Instructor, the incumbent of which should be 
appointed by his commander with an equal formality as the 
appointment of an Adjutant, and installed with the same dig- 
nity; this would establish an importance most valuable to the 
office and enlist a field force that would recognize their duty 
and authority far superior to the conception of assistants nom- 
inated by sporadic and unattractive measures. With a force 
of such a character, the Department Instructor would have the 
opportunity of assigning it to duty with at least the recognition 
of authority and among the duties assigned it would be just 
to suggest the collection of funds. This method would so 



GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 265 

thoroughly distribute the expense as to be of no moment to 
any and thereby reheve the burden which has hitherto been 
heavy or a hindrance to a greater performance of duty. 

Honorable Mention. 

Were I to undertake to name to you all the courtesies that 
have been extended to me during the past year, or to mention 
all who have been generous with them, the limit of this report 
would be tested beyond a proper extent but it will be gratifying 
to you to know that 

The Press 

has continued its loyalty, support, and generosity to the utmost 
giving free space and editorial comment that has been helpful 
and valuable. There is no means of distributing the knowl- 
edge of what is being accomplished so widely as through this 
medium and its influence is wielded with a power for good that 
cannot be over-estimated. The thanks of the Grand Army of 
the Republic, not only, but of every patriot, is due to the press 
which is the courier with our despatches of activity and vic- 
tories, carrying them to every comer of the globe. 

It cannot be gainsaid that even the knowledge to the world's 
centre, of the concentrated effort to establish patriotism as a 
second nature in the mental structure of every growing child 
has its influence upon the contemplation of our invulnerability 
and our national importance and alliance. The message to 
the world is that America discharges annually from its schools 
a million defenders of her principles and her flag who have been 
thoroughly drilled in the mental tactics of patriotism until 
they are perfect • in discipline and solemnly obligated by the 
daily repeated pledges of allegiance to protect all the interests 
involved in the welfare of their country and to preserve tran- 
quility and prosperity to the last line of defence and this mes- 
sage is conveyed for us by the press with cheerfulness and dis- 
patch, thus insuring Peace and other blessings, for tranquility 
is not only Peace — it is Prosperity as well. 



266 FORTIETH ANNUAL ENCAMPMENT 

I desire to express my sincere thanks to Eliza J. Crisler, Na- 
tional Patriotic Instructor of the Woman's Relief Corps, who 
has been helpful and courteous in correspondence with this 
ofifice: to my Secretary, Wilbur F. Brown, for another year 
of faithful application in assisting me to fulfill the duties of my 
ofhce and to all the National ofhcers who have met me with 
cheer and encouraged me by the way. 

Not the least deserving are certainly the 

Department Patriotic Instructors 

to them whatever success has been reached this year is so emi- 
nently attributable that I would place the best tribute words 
may inscribe above the places they have so ably filled. There 
has not been a word from them but has been kind and consid- 
erate. The most prominent position I might aspire to attain 
is the honor of place among them surrounded by faithful and, 
loyal adherents to the principles of the Grand Army and all 
they imply. To the Adjutant General, Comrade John Tweedale 
I am indebted for constant endeavor to aid me at all time and in 
every manner. No requisition of assistance has been neglected 
and I owe him my fullest expression of honest appreciation. 

In conclusion, Commander-in-Chief, I wish I might ade- 
quately express my appreciation of the unlimited confidence 
you have exhibited towards me. Not the least of the pleasure 
of rendering service is to have the approbation of those who 
require it. It was an honor to receive the appointment of 
National Patriotic Instructor from you, it is an added honor 
to have merited your approval. This I have received more 
eloquently than words could imply, in the fullness of the liberty 
of action you have granted. I wish I could attend the Encamp- 
ment with you — jubilant with the flush of triumph of one who 
surrenders his Staff of Office to his successor after a service 
without failure or regret, but comrade, I go with you, proud of 
your record, and with a full recognition of the value of your 
latest service to your Comrades and your Country. 

The silence of a mental contemplation will be respected as 



^GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 267 

forbidding expressions of consolation, but you may rest assured 
that the cost of the sacrifice you have been called upon to make 
in the progress of your duty is measured by those who have 
been privileged to estimate many of* the virtues which are 
computed in the sum of the whole. 

Sincerely yours in F. C. and ly., 

AI.LAN C. BAKEWKLL. 
National Patriotic Instructor, 



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